During the drafting of the Indian Constitution, laws from Ireland, the United States, Britain, and France were all synthesized to get a refined set of Indian laws, as it currently stands.

* Constitution Day ( Ireland )

Fine Gael is among the most pro-European integration parties in the Republic of Ireland, having supported the European Constitution, the Lisbon Treaty, and advocating participation in European common defence.

:: Example 2 ( parliamentary non-executive republic ): Article 13. 1. 1 of the Constitution of Ireland:

:: Example 1 ( parliamentary non-executive republic ): Article 13. 2. 2. of the Constitution of Ireland states:

It first appeared on the Great Seal of the Irish Free State, which in turn was replaced by the coat of arms, the Irish Presidential Standard and the Presidential Seal in the 1937 Constitution of Ireland.

In Ireland, the right to free speech is guaranteed under the Constitution ( Article 40. 6. 1. i ), however, this is only an implied right provided that liberty of expression " shall not be used to undermine public order or morality or the authority of the State ".

The Irish Government acknowledged this interpretation — although it did not acknowledge any legal obligations to persons in this larger diaspora — when Article 2 of the Constitution of Ireland was amended in 1998 to read " urthermore, the Irish nation cherishes its special affinity with people of Irish ancestry living abroad who share its cultural identity and heritage.

From 1937 until 1998, Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland provided that " he national territory consists of the whole island of Ireland ".

Until the Nineteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland in 1998 the Irish Republic claimed the territory of six counties that form Northern Ireland.

The office was established by the Constitution of Ireland in 1937, and became internationally recognised as head of state in 1949 following the coming into force of the Republic of Ireland Act.

The Constitution of Ireland provides for a parliamentary system of government, under which the role of the head of state is largely a ceremonial one.

: In the presence of Almighty God I do solemnly and sincerely promise and declare that I will maintain the Constitution of Ireland and uphold its laws, that I will fulfil my duties faithfully and conscientiously in accordance with the Constitution and the law, and that I will dedicate my abilities to the service and the welfare of the people of Ireland.

The text of the Constitution of Ireland, as originally enacted in 1937, made reference in its controversial Articles 2 and 3 to two geopolitical entities: a thirty-two county ' national territory ' ( i. e., the island of Ireland ), and a twenty-six county ' state ' formerly known as the Irish Free State.

As a result, Constitution ( Amendment No. 27 ) Act 1936 was first passed on 10 December 1936, which, in addition to effecting his constitutional reforms, also provides for the use of the British monarch for certain diplomatic purposes while Ireland is still in the Commonwealth, if authorized by law.

A new Constitution of Ireland, with a President as head of state except for external relations, was approved by Irish voters in 1937, with the Irish Free State becoming simply " Ireland ", or, when speaking or writing in the Irish language, Éire.

This is provided for in Article II of the Constitution, which states that the President " shall nominate, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, shall appoint ... Judges of the supreme Court.

Article III of the Constitution specifies that Associate Justices, and all other United States federal judges " shall hold their Offices during good Behavior.

The Constitution of Brazil knows also two elements of direct democracy, stated in Article 14.

Article 17 of the Constitution of France gives the President the authority to pardon criminals and, since 1991, the President has pardoned many petty offenders ( mainly traffic offences ) on 14 July.

( The latter prohibition took effect 1 January 1808, the earliest date on which Congress had the power to do so under Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution.

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

Later cases interpreted the " judicial power " of Article III to establish the power of federal courts to consider or overturn any action of Congress or of any state that conflicts with the Constitution.

In 1949, the abolition of the military was introduced in Article 12 of the Costa Rican Constitution.

In May 2010, the Washington State Supreme Court provided an opinion after it was asked to certify a question referred by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington: “ Whether a public library, consistent with Article I, § 5 of the Washington Constitution, may filter Internet access for all patrons without disabling Web sites containing constitutionally-protected speech upon the request of an adult library patron .” The Washington State Supreme Court ruled that NCRL ’ s internet filtering policy did not violate Article I, Section 5 of the Washington State Constitution.

For example, the Case or Controversy Clause of Article Three of the United States Constitution ( Section 2, Clause 1 ) states that " the judicial Power shall extend ... to Controversies to which the United States shall be a Party ".

A partial protection against double jeopardy is a Fundamental Right guaranteed under Article 20 ( 2 ) of the Constitution of India.

The Constitution of Japan states in Article 39 that

Article 13 of the Constitution of Pakistan protects a person from being punished or prosecuted more than once for the same offence.

Article 2 of the 1889 Meiji Constitution ( the Constitution of the Empire of Japan ) stated, " The Imperial Throne shall be succeeded to by imperial male descendants, according to the provisions of the Imperial House Law.

Article 2 of the Constitution of Japan, promulgated in 1947 by influence of the U. S. occupation administration and still in force, provides that " The Imperial Throne shall be dynastic and succeeded to in accordance with the Imperial Household Law passed by the Diet.

Under clause 17 Article I Section 8 of the Constitution however, Congress has power to " exercise exclusive Legislation in all cases whatsoever " over the federal district ( Washington, D. C .) and other territory ceded to the federal government by the states, such as for military installations.

" The Volkskammer decides on the accession of the GDR to the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Germany according to Article 23 of the Basic Laws effective as of October 3, 1990.

In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong has Special Administrative Region status, which provides constitutional guarantees for implementing the policy of " one country, two systems ".

:: Example 2 ( parliamentary non-executive monarchy ): Article 1 of the Constitution of Japan states:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): Title II, Article 87 of the Constitution of Italy states:

From then on retail trade is only restricted on public holidays ( New Years Day, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, Easter Sunday, Easter Monday, Day of Prayer, Ascension Day, Whit Sunday, Whit Monday, Christmas Day and Boxing Day ) and on Constitution Day, Christmas Eve and New Year's Eve ( on New Year's Eve from 3 pm only ).

The constitution states that the Emperor " shall perform only such acts in matters of state as are provided for in the Constitution and he shall not have powers related to government " ( article 4 ) and that the " advice and approval of the Cabinet shall be required for all acts of the Emperor in matters of state " ( article 3 ).

On 1 January 1983 the Falkland Islanders gained British citizenship under the British Nationality ( Falkland Islands ) Act 1983, and on 3 October 1985 the Constitution of the Falkland Islands was established.

:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): Chapter 4, Article 86, Section 4 of the Constitution of Russia states:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): According to Article 26 ( 2 ) of the 1975 Constitution of Greece:

:: Example 6 ( semi-presidential republic ): Under Chapter 4, Article 80, Section 3 of the Constitution of Russia:

:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): Chapter 4, Section 2 of the Constitution of the Republic of Korea states:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): Chapter II, Article 87, 4th section of the Constitution of Italy states:

:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): According to Chapter 4, Article 84 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation:

Some states have fixed term legislatures, with no option of bringing forward elections ( e. g. Article II, Section 3, of the U. S. Constitution ).

:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): Chapter 4, article 84 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation provides:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): Title II, Article 87, 8th section of the Constitution of Italy states:

:: Example 3 ( parliamentary republic ): Chapter 3, Article 65 of the Constitution of the Czech Republic states:

:: Example 3 ( semi-presidential republic ): Title II, Article 17 of the French Constitution of 1958 states:

In 1791 the Great Sejm | Great or Four-Year Sejm adopted the Constitution of May 3, 1791 | May 3 Constitution at Warsaw's Royal Castle, Warsaw | Royal Castle

The sejms landmark achievement was the passing of the May 3 Constitution, the first in modern Europe singular pronouncement of a supreme law of the state.

The most important of these are article 19, which generally requires a statutory basis for any infringements of the fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution while also guaranteeing judicial review ; article 20, paragraph 3, which guarantees the rule of law ; and article 3 which guarantees equality.