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The Eastern Orthodox Church Synod of Jerusalem declared: " We believe the Lord Jesus Christ to be present, not typically, nor figuratively, nor by superabundant grace, as in the other Mysteries, ... but truly and really, so that after the consecration of the bread and of the wine, the bread is transmuted, transubstantiated, converted and transformed into the true Body Itself of the Lord, Which was born in Bethlehem of the ever-Virgin Mary, was baptised in the Jordan, suffered, was buried, rose again, was received up, sitteth at the right hand of the God and Father, and is to come again in the clouds of Heaven ; and the wine is converted and transubstantiated into the true Blood Itself of the Lord, Which, as He hung upon the Cross, was poured out for the life of the world.
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Eastern and Orthodox
With a membership currently estimated at over 85 million members worldwide, the Anglican Communion is the third largest Christian communion in the world, after the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Churches.
Some Eastern Orthodox Churches have issued statements to the effect that Anglican orders could be accepted, yet have still reordained former Anglican clergy ; other Orthodox churches have rejected Anglican orders altogether.
** April 6 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** April 15 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** April 30 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** August 22 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** August 6 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** August 9 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
The Eastern Orthodox Church observes several All Souls ' Days during the year.
The Eastern Orthodox Church dedicates several days throughout the year to the dead, mostly on Saturdays, because of Jesus ' resting in the Holy Sepulchre on that day.
** August 13 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
In the Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Catholic Churches, the Abbot is referred to as the Hegumen.
** August 2 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** April 1 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
Arianism is defined as those teachings attributed to Arius which are in opposition to mainstream Trinitarian Christological doctrine, as determined by the first two Ecumenical Councils and currently maintained by the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Churches, the Oriental Orthodox Churches, and most Reformation Protestant Churches.
** August 1 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** August 3 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** April 26 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
In the Catholic Church ( both the Latin Rite and Eastern Catholic ), Eastern Orthodox, Coptic and Anglican abbeys, the mode of election, position, rights, and authority of an abbess correspond generally with those of an abbot.
** August 8 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
** April 16 ( Eastern Orthodox liturgics )
Eastern and Church
Lecky and Stanley's Eastern Church.
Trinitarianism remained the dominant doctrine in all major branches of the Eastern and Western Church and later within Protestantism until modern times.
) However, Ambrosian chant was named in his honor due to his contributions to the music of the Church ; he is credited with introducing hymnody from the Eastern Church into the West.
( Eastern Orthodox Church )
** Abraham of Smolensk ( Eastern Orthodox Church )
* Saint Anastasius Sinaita ( of Sinai ) – theologian, Father of the Eastern Orthodox Church, monk, priest, and abbot of the monastery at Mt.
* Assumption of Mary ( Eastern Orthodox Church, a public holiday in the Republic of Macedonia, Serbia, and Georgia )
In the Eastern Orthodox Church he is also considered a saint, his feast day being celebrated on 15 June .< ref >
Further, proponents of the necessity of the personal apostolic succession of bishops within the Church point to the universal practice of the undivided early Church ( up to AD 431 ), before being divided into the Church of the East, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church.
Churches that claim some form of episcopal apostolic succession, dating back to the apostles or to leaders from the apostolic era, include the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox and Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Church of the East, the Anglican Communion, and some Lutheran Churches ( see below ).
Roman Catholics recognize the validity of the apostolic successions of the bishops, and therefore the rest of the clergy, of the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, and the Old Catholic Church ( Union of Utrecht only ).
Like the Roman Catholic Church, these ancient Eastern churches may use the doctrine of apostolic succession in ministry in their apologetics against Protestantism.
Eastern and Synod
Ruth is also commemorated as a matriarch in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod on July 16, and is one of the Five Heroines of the Order of the Eastern Star.
The existing 27-book canon of the New Testament was reconfirmed ( for Roman Catholicism ) in the 16th century with the Council of Trent ( also called the Tridentine Council ) of 1546, the Thirty-Nine Articles of 1563 for the Church of England, the Westminster Confession of Faith of 1647 for Calvinism, and the Synod of Jerusalem of 1672 for Eastern Orthodoxy.
Examples of official documents of the Eastern Orthodox Church that use the term " μετουσίωσις " or " transubstantiation " are the Longer Catechism of The Orthodox, Catholic, Eastern Church ( question 340 ) and the declaration by the Eastern Orthodox Synod of Jerusalem of 1672:
* March – The Synod of Jerusalem brings together bishops and representatives from the whole of Eastern Orthodox Christendom to discuss Orthodox dogma against the challenge of Protestantism.
It appeared the same year in two Latin editions, four French, one German and one English, and in the Eastern Church started a controversy which culminated in 1672 with the convocation by Dositheos, Patriarch of Jerusalem, of the Synod of Jerusalem by which the Calvinistic doctrines were condemned.
This was swiftly followed by his full-scale excommunication and an anathema from the community of the Eastern Orthodox Church by decree of the Ecumenical Holy Synod on 9 April 1997.
After becoming Metropolitan of the MOC in 1997, he was fully excommunicated by the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople from the Eastern Orthodox Church.
In several of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches and Eastern Catholic Churches, the patriarch or head bishop is elected by a group of bishops called the Holy Synod.
* The Eastern Synod
In 2006, the Eastern Synod voted to allow individual pastors and congregations to conduct blessing of same-sex unions, prompting a dispute between the synod and the national church over which body has the authority to make such a decision.
The Eastern Synod Council, while affirming its jurisdiction in the matter, agreed to hold its decision in abeyance pending a decision by the national church.
* For the Eastern Orthodox Council in the seventeenth Century, see Synod of Jerusalem ( 1672 )
Lang's Synod lost its identity by being merged on 15 November 1864 with the majority of the Presbyterian Church of Eastern Australia, to form a General Synod which then merged with the original Synod of Australia to form the Presbyterian Church of New South Wales on 8 September 1865 with 47 ministers.
It has authoritatively used the term " Transubstantiation " to describe this change, as in The Longer Catechism of The Orthodox, Catholic, Eastern Church and in the decrees of the 1672 Synod of Jerusalem.
In 1869 the Canada Presbyterian Church added another level to its growing Church structure — its Annual Synod became a General Assembly, and four smaller, regional synods were formed: Montreal, serving both Quebec and Eastern Ontario ; Toronto ; Hamilton ; and London, with a few congregations in the USA.
* The Synod of Montreal and Ottawa replaced the CPC's Montreal Synod ; this name was changed in the 1950s to Quebec and Eastern Ontario.
This led to a three-way conflict in the United States among the Exarchate, ROCOR ( sometimes known as " the Synod " in this period ), and the Living Church, which asserted that it was the legitimate ( Soviet-government-recognized ) owner of all Eastern Orthodox properties in the USA.
In 1599 under Aleixo de Menezes the Synod of Diamper converted the Syriac Saint Thomas Christians ( of the Eastern faith ) of Kerala to the Roman Catholic Church under the excuse that they allegedly practiced Nestorian heresy.
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