Josiah had four sons: Johanan, Eliakim ( born c. 634 BC ) by Zebudah the daughter of Pedaiah of Rumah, Mattanyahu ( c. 618 BC ) and Shallum ( 633 / 632 BC ) both by Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah of Libnah.

* Johanan ben Zakai ( c. 30 – 90 ), one of the tannaim, widely regarded as one of the most important Jewish figures in the era of the Second Temple and a primary contributor to the Mishnah

His rabbinic education was acquired mainly at Tiberias, in the academy presided over by R. Johanan, with whom his relations were almost those of a son ( Yer.

Johanan succeeded Gedaliah, who had been assassinated by an Israelite prince in the pay of Ammon " for working with the Babylonians.

" Refusing to listen to Jeremiah's counsel, Johanan fled to Egypt, taking with him Jeremiah and Baruch, Jeremiah's faithful scribe and servant, and the king's daughters.

* Judah III ( d. early 4th century ), disciple of Rabbi Johanan bar Nappaha.

The enormous size of the Leviathan is described by R. Johanan, from whom proceeded nearly all the aggadot concerning this monster: " Once we went in a ship and saw a fish which put his head out of the water.

When the Leviathan is hungry, reports R. Dimi in the name of R. Johanan, he sends forth from his mouth a heat so great as to make all the waters of the deep boil, and if he would put his head into Paradise no living creature could endure the odor of him ( ib .).

After five years of war and raids, Judah sought an alliance with the Roman Republic to remove the Greeks: " In the year 161 BCE he sent Eupolemus the son of Johanan and Jason the son of Eleazar, ' to make a league of amity and confederacy with the Romans.

Johanan bar Nappaḥa ( 199 – 279 ) has left the following important note relative to the composition and editing of the Mishnah and other halakic works: " Our Mishnah comes directly from Rabbi Meir, the Tosefta from R. Nehemiah, the Sifra from R. Judah, and the Sifre from R. Simon ; but they all took Akiva for a model in their works and followed him " ( Sanh.

This legend has been somewhat elaborately treated in Yiddish under the title, Ein ganz neie Maase vun dem Tanna R. Akiba, Lemberg, 1893 ( compare Tanna debe Eliyahu Zuṭṭa, xvii., where Johanan ben Zakkai's name is given in place of Akiba ).

Johanan ben Zakkai established that the shofar trumpets be blown at Jamnia and the surrounding places even if the festival fell on the Sabbath, while at one time this was done only in the Temple ( iv. 1 ); he also fixed the lulav outside of the Temple for seven days, and forbade the eating of new grain on the second day of Passover ( iv. 2 ); he extended the time for examining witnesses until the evening, and had them come to Jamnia even in the absence of the av bet din ( iv. 3 ).

The Tosefta omits the ordinances of Gamliel and of Johanan ben Zakkai, and the dispute of the two leaders of the school-house, nor does it mention anything of the power of any tannaitic dignitary ; the Tosefta is here a product of the time of the Amoraim.

The community also appealed for aid to Sanballat I, a Samaritan potentate, and his sons Delaiah and Shelemiah, as well as Johanan ben Eliashib.

Both Sanballat and Johanan are mentioned in the Book of Nehemiah,,.

The ascription of the Mekilta to Rabbi Ishmael and of the Jerusalem Talmud to Rabbi Johanan rests on a similar procedure.

The Jerusalem Talmud probably originated in Tiberias in the School of Johanan ben Nappaha.

* Johanan of Judah, High-priest of Israel, held position 410 – 371 BC

* Johanan, son of Kareah, mentioned as a leader of the army who led the remnant of the population of the Kingdom of Judah to Egypt for safety ( against the advice of Jeremiah – see ), after the Babylonian dismantling of the kingdom in 586 BC and the subsequent assassination of Gedaliah, the Babylon-appointed Jewish governor (, )

With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

The Astronomer ( Vermeer ) | The Astronomer by Johannes Vermeer ( c. 1668 )

Brygos ( potter signed ), Tondo of an Attic red-figure cup c. 470 BC, Louvre.

* Homer, Iliad ii. 595 – 600 ( c. 700 BCE )

Symbols on Gerzean pottery resembling Egyptian hieroglyphs date back to c. 4000 BC, suggesting a still earlier possible date.

According to Igor M. Diakonoff ( 1988: 33n ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 10, 000 BC.

According to Christopher Ehret ( 2002: 35 – 36 ), Proto-Afroasiatic was spoken c. 11, 000 BC at the latest and possibly as early as c. 16, 000 BC.

The word can be traced from the Middle Egyptian ( c. 2000 BC ) word dj-b-t " mud sun-dried brick.

" As Middle Egyptian evolved into Late Egyptian, Demotic, and finally Coptic ( c. 600 BC ), dj-b-t became tobe " brick.

* Patañjali ( c. 200 BCE ), developed the philosophy of Raja Yoga in his Yoga Sutras.

* Bādarāyaņa ( c. 200 BCE ), author of Brahma Sutras, expounding Advaita Vedanta.

* c. 200 AD: A stone go board with a 17 × 17 grid from a tomb at Wangdu County in Hebei, China.

The importance of foodcrops over exported cash crops is illustrated by the fact that the total production of cassava, the staple food of most Central Africans, ranges between c. 200, 000 and 300, 000 tons a year, while the production of cotton, the principal exported cash crop, ranges from c. 25, 000 to 45, 000 tons a year.

Distilled water has been known since at least c. 200, when Alexander of Aphrodisias described the process.

Susantha Goonatilake writes that the development of the Fibonacci sequence " is attributed in part to Pingala ( 200 BC ), later being associated with Virahanka ( c. 700 AD ), Gopāla ( c. 1135 ), and Hemachandra ( c. 1150 )".

The frescoes on the ceilings and walls of the Ajanta Caves were painted between c. 200 BC and 600 and are the oldest known frescoes in India.

The so-called " Monarchian Prologue " to the Fourth Gospel ( c. 200 ) supports AD 96 or one of the years immediately following as to the time of its writing.

200 BC ), Katyayana, and Patanjali ( 2nd c. BC ).

In the Section on Virtue, and Chapter 32 of the Tirukkuṛaḷ ( c. 200 BC-500 AD ), Tiruvaḷḷuvar says: Why does a man inflict upon other creatures those sufferings, which he has found by experience are sufferings to himself?

The earliest confirmed written evidence for Christianity in Britain is a statement by Tertullian, c. 200 AD, in which he described " all the limits of the Spains, and the diverse nations of the Gauls, and the haunts of the Britons, inaccessible to the Romans, but subjugated to Christ ".

By the time of the redaction of the Mishnah, Rosh Hashanah 1: 1 ( c. 200 CE ), jurists had identified four new-year dates:

One of these sets of rules is found in the siddur, from the " Introduction to Sifra " by Ishmael ben Elisha, c. 200 CE.

The Mishnah ( c. 200 ) lists belief in the resurrection of the dead as one of three essential beliefs necessary for a Jew to participate in it:

The Welsh prose tale Culhwch and Olwen ( c. 1100 ), included in the modern Mabinogion collection, has a much longer list of more than 200 of Arthur's men, though Cei and Bedwyr again take a central place.

Moses also appears in other religious texts such as the Mishnah ( c. 200 AD ), Midrash ( AD 200 – 1200 ), and the Qur ' an ( c. 610 — 653 ).

The periods in which these systems were in use overlapped one another and did not have definitive breaks, but it can be stated that the legis actio system prevailed from the time of the XII Tables ( c. 450 BC ) until about the end of the 2nd century BC, that the formulary procedure was primarily used from the last century of the Republic until the end of the classical period ( c. AD 200 ), and that of cognitio extraordinarem was in use in post-classical times.

Sextus Empiricus ( c. A. D. 200 ), the main authority for Greek skepticism, developed the position further, incorporating aspects of empiricism into the basis for asserting knowledge.