** 25 cent WWII ( Dutch coin )

** WWII: Forward elements of General Hoeppner's XVI Panzerkorps take up positions outside Warsaw.

** WWII: Polish troops on the Westerplatte are forced, due to lack of food and ammunition, to surrender.

** WWII – Sonderaktion Krakau: Germans take action against scientists from the University of Kraków and other Kraków universities at the beginning of WWII.

** WWII – Winter War: Soviet forces attack Finland and reach the Mannerheim Line, starting the war.

** WWII – Sweden declares non-belligerency in the Winter War.

** George Unwin, British fighter ace of WWII ( d. 2006 )

** WWII: The 27th Polish Home Army Infantry Division is re-created, marking the start of Operation Tempest by the Polish Home Army.

** WWII: The Japanese launch an offensive in central and south China.

** WWII: A train stalls inside a railway tunnel outside Salerno, Italy ; 521 choke to death.

** WWII: Battle of Monte Cassino: Allied aircraft bomb German-held monastery and stage an assault.

** WWII: The National Council of the French Resistance approves the Resistance programme.

** Operation Bagration: A general attack by Soviet forces clears the German forces from Belarus, resulting in the destruction of German Army Group Centre, possibly the greatest defeat of the Wehrmacht during WWII.

** WWII: At Camp Hood, Texas, future baseball star and 1st Lt. Jackie Robinson is arrested and later court-martialed for refusing to move to the back of a segregated U. S. Army bus.

** WWII: Over 500 Japanese prisoners-of-war attempt a mass breakout from the Cowra POW Camp.

** WWII: A Soviet patrol arrests Raoul Wallenberg in Hungary.

** WWII: The Soviet Union occupies Warsaw, Poland.

** WWII: " Black Friday ": A force of Allied Bristol Beaufighter aircraft suffers heavy casualties in an unsuccessful attack on German destroyer Z33 and escorting vessels sheltering in Førde Fjord, Norway.

** WWII – Operation Varsity: Two airborne divisions capture bridges across the Rhine River to aid the Allied advance.

** WWII: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends.

** WWII – Elbe Day: United States and Soviet troops link up at the Elbe River, cutting Germany in two.

** V-E Day ( Victory in Europe, as Nazi Germany surrenders ) commemorates the end of WWII in Europe, with the final surrender being to the Soviets in Berlin, attended by representatives of the Western Powers.

** WWII: Korea gains independence following Japan's surrender.

** Battle of Placentia — Emperor Aurelian is defeated by the Alemanni forces invading Italy

** Emperor Ai of Jin, a Jin Dynasty ( 265-420 ) emperor

** Emperor Ai of Han ( 27 BC – 1 BC )

** Emperor Ai of Tang ( 892 – 908 )

** Liber ad honorem Augusti by Peter of Eboli, narrative of the conquest of Sicily by Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor ( Latin )

** Imperial Prince Nunakura Futotama-Shiki ( Emperor Bidatsu ); born 538 ( second son )

** Imperial Prince Oe or Ikebe ( Emperor YOMEI ); born 540 ( fourth son )

** Imperial Princess Ohotomo or Ohomata ; born about 560 ; married to her nephew Prince Oshisako no Hikohito no Oe, son of Emperor Bidatsu

** Imperial Princess Toneri, born about 565 ; died 603 ; married to her nephew Prince Tame Toyora, son of Emperor Yomei

** Imperial Princess Hasetsukabe no Anahobe no Hashihito, born about 560 ; died 621 ; married ( A ) to her half brother Emperor Yomei ; married ( B ) to her nephew and stepson Prince Tame Toyora, son of Emperor Yomei

** Imperial Prince Hatsusebe ( Emperor SUSHUN )

** Prince Oshisako no Hikohito no Oe, born about 556, married ( A ) Princess Ohomata ( Ohotomo ), his aunt, daughter of Emperor Kimmei and Soga no Kitashi-Hime, by whom he had a son and a daughter ;( B ) Princess Nukate-Hime ( his half sister ), by whom he had 3 sons ; ( C ) Princess Woharida ( his half sister ), by whom he had a son and a daughter:

** Princess Uji no Shitsukahi ( Uji no Kahitako ), born about 570, married to Prince Shōtoku, son of Emperor Yōmei and Empress Anahobe

** Princess Tame, married to her nephew Emperor Jomei

** Second son: Imperial Prince Ohito ( 緒仁親王 ) ( Emperor Go-En ' yū )

** First son: Imperial Prince Motohito ( 幹仁親王 ) ( Emperor Go-Komatsu )

** Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor

** Der Tag wird kommen ( The day will come, Josephus and the Emperor ), 1942

** Emperor Constantine I

** The Treaty of Münster ( Instrumentum Pacis Monasteriensis, IPM ), concerning the Holy Roman Emperor and France and their respective allies.

** The Treaty of Osnabrück ( Instrumentum Pacis Osnabrugensis, IPO ), concerning the Holy Roman Emperor, the Empire and Sweden and their respective allies.

** Jean-Bédel Bokassa, president of the Central African Republic, crowns himself Emperor.

** Emperor Charles I of Austria gives up his absolute power but does not abdicate.