British food products, condiments and sauces like English mustard, Bovril, HP Sauce and Worcestershire sauce are still a subtle but pervasive presence in Maltese cooking.

They are often sold alongside other types of hot food in football grounds, traditionally accompanied by a drink of Bovril, resulting in the occasional reference to football pies.

In 1889, the Bovril Company was formed.

A thermos of beef tea was the favoured way to fend off the chill of winter matches for generations of British football enthusiasts ; to this day Bovril dissolved in hot water is sold in stadiums all over the United Kingdom.

Bovril beef tea was the main warm drink that Ernest Shackleton's team had to drink when they were marooned on Elephant Island during the Endurance Expedition.

Beef extract was eventually reintroduced as a key Bovril ingredient in 2006, after the European Commission lifted its ban on the export of Britain's beef products ; it was only at this point that the manufacturer stated explicitly that this had been the main reason for beef's removal.

Nicknamed Chevril ( by replacing the Bov ( ox ) with Chev ( horse ) in the Bovril name ) it was produced by boiling down horse meat or mules to a jelly paste and serving it as a beef tea.

In November 2004, the manufacturers, Unilever, announced that the composition of Bovril was being changed from beef extract to a yeast extract, claiming it was to make the product suitable for vegetarians and vegans ; at that time fear of bovine spongiform encephalopathy ( BSE ) may have been a factor.

On the February 20, 2011, episode of Top Gear, James May had Bovril in an urn inside a Claas Dominator combine harvester in Norway, which was converted into a snow plough.

In 1990, Marmite Limited — which had become a subsidiary of Bovril Limited — was bought by CPC International Inc, which changed its name to Best Foods Inc in 1998.

Initially, Marmite was popular with vegetarians as a meat-free alternative to beef extract products such as Bovril, which were popular in the late 19th and early 20th century.

Called " Bovril pemmican " or simply " dog pemmican ", it was a beef product consisting of 2 / 3 protein and 1 / 3 fat, without carbohydrate.

He was the second son of John Lawson Johnston, the founder of Bovril Ltd. the title is held by his grandson, the third Baron, who succeeded his father in 1996.

He was a director of Boots Pure Drug, Bovril and the Equity and Law Life Assurance Society.

* John Lawson Johnston the inventor of Bovril, was born in Roslin in 1839.

One account from the book describes it being prepared for the casualties at Mons where " the orderlies were just beginning to make Bovril for the wounded, when the Germans deliberately shelled the bearers and ambulance wagons as they were bringing the wounded into the hospital.

Bovril is the trademarked name of a thick, salty meat extract, developed in the 1870s by John Lawson Johnston and sold in a distinctive, bulbous jar.

Bovril can be made into a drink by diluting with hot water, or less commonly with milk.

Bovril is also produced in South Africa by the Bokomo division of Pioneer Foods The product range includes a version with chili.

At Scottish football stadiums, containers such as thermos flasks are banned by law, so Bovril is purchased inside the grounds where it is served in polystyrene or plastic cups.

Marmite can also be made into a winter drink by adding one teaspoon to a mug of hot water much like Bovril.

This included Bovril – the acquisition of which he financed by selling its assets in South America and elsewhere.

Yeast autolysates are used in Vegemite and Promite ( Australia ); Marmite, Bovril and Oxo ( the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and South Africa ); and Cenovis ( Switzerland ).

It has been stated by some researchers that the recruitment and recovery of neurons in the left hemisphere opposed to the recruitment of similar neurons in the right hemisphere is superior for long-term recovery and continued rehabilitation .< ref name =' Heiss '> It is thought that, because the right hemisphere is not intended for full language function, using the right hemisphere as a mechanism of recovery is effectively a " dead-end " and can lead only to partial recovery.

Neither the natural logarithm nor the square root functions can be continued analytically to an entire function.

The King also made sure that his own court, the Reichshofrat, continued to function in parallel to the Reichskammergericht.

The Communist Party of Honduras ( Partido Comunista de Honduras — PCH ) was outlawed, but the PLH continued to function, and even the leaders of a small uprising in 1935 were later offered free air transportation should they wish to return to Honduras from their exile abroad.

The extent to which native Islamic and Eastern Christian courts continued to function is unknown, but the ra ' is probably exercised some legal authority on a local level.

Many League bodies, such as the International Labour Organization, continued to function and eventually became affiliated with the UN.

They continued, however, to function in all respects ( rule, clothing and policy ) as an autonomous branch of the Teutonic Order, headed by their own Master ( himself de jure subject to the Teutonic Order's Grand Master ).

This sentence was obviously suspended because he continued to function and was recognized as Bishop of Sabina until at least 1062, having occupied that see for over twenty years ( from 1041 ).

continued to function, serving both sides, until the operators finally left their

The above series is a prototypical Dirichlet series that converges absolutely to an analytic function for s such that and diverges for all other values of s. Riemann showed that the function defined by the series on the half-plane of convergence can be continued analytically to all complex values.

If the US had continued down this path, the dollar would have become a less attractive foreign exchange reserve asset: it would not have had the necessary liquidity to serve this function.

In the 1950s he also continued building the Bahá ' í administration, establishing in 1951 the International Bahá ' í Council to act as a precursor to the Universal House of Justice, as well as appointing 32 living Hands of the Cause — Bahá ' ís who achieved a distinguished rank in service to the religion and whose main function was to propagate and protect the religion.

The German language was banned in schools and universities, and German language journals and newspapers were shut down, but the Turner societies continued to function.

Chronic smokers who quit during the study lost fewer brain cells and retained better intellectual function than those who continued to smoke.

The queen never achieved autocratic powers and the noble council continued to function.

Although the Oregon Treaty of 1846 settled the boundaries of US jurisdiction upon all lands south of the 49th parallel, the Provisional Government continued to function until 1849, when the first governor of Oregon Territory arrived.

The Congregation of Mantua continued to function in its little corner of Italy throughout this period.

In 1857 the French established a military post at Ndakaaru ( which they called " Dakar ") and annexed the Lebou Republic, though its institutions continued to function nominally.

It continued to function as the administrative centre of the kingdom, but by the reign of Desiderius, it had deteriorated as a first-rate defensive work and Charlemagne took it in the Siege of Pavia ( June, 774 ) assuming the kingship of the Lombards.

The machinery of government continued to function, as councils and synods met as customary during Edward's reign, at Kirtlington in Oxfordshire after Easter 977, and again at Calne in Wiltshire the following year.

Starting in 1871, Frege continued his studies in Göttingen, the leading university in mathematics in German-speaking territories, where he attended the lectures of Alfred Clebsch ( 1833 – 1872 ) ( analytical geometry ), Ernst Christian Julius Schering ( 1824 – 1897 ) function theory, Wilhelm Eduard Weber ( 1804 – 1891 ) ( physical studies, applied physics, Eduard Riecke ( 1845 – 1915 ) ( theory of electricity, and Hermann Lotze ( 1817 – 1881 ) ( philosophy of religion ).

The term of 87 days ( counting the first and last days in full and excluding its " caretaker " function that continued for months afterwards ) was the shortest since the fifth cabinet of Hendrikus Colijn ( 25 July 1939-10 August 1939 ).

If the latter argument is accepted, then the Republic of China may have ceased to be a state post-1971 as a matter of international law (" de jure "), yet continued to otherwise function as the state that it previously was recognised as (" de facto ").