Britain in the nineteenth century is a textbook designed `` to give the sense of continuous growth, to show how economic led to social, and social to political change, how the political events reacted on the economic and social, and how new thoughts and new ideals accompanied or directed the whole complicated process ''.

It is also seen that Af, since the change from Af to Af is accomplished by a continuous translation.

As in the continuous case, the change of coordinates x → x + ( 1 − A )< sup > – 1 </ sup > b removes the term b from the equation.

In the natural sciences, gradualism is a theory which holds that profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes, often contrasted with catastrophism.

One major change from al-Fusha is the use of a prefix particle ( ب " bi " in most dialects ) to explicitly mark progressive, continuous, or habitual aspect: بيكتب, bi-yiktib, he is now writing, writes all the time, etc.

With respect to the beginnings of projective geometry, Kepler introduced the idea of continuous change of a mathematical entity in this work.

More generally, the term motion signifies a continuous change in the configuration of a physical system.

There is no firm date for when the changeover occurred, as the replacement of the sea bed is a continuous process, though reconstruction maps often change the name from Panthalassic to Pacific around the time the Atlantic Ocean began to open.

It can also change a shot in which the camera was originally stationary to one in which it is frequently panning, or change a single continuous shot into one with frequent cuts.

Universal indicator consists of a mixture of indicators such that there is a continuous color change from about pH 2 to pH 10.

The name quantum mechanics derives from the observation that some physical quantities can change only in discrete amounts ( Latin quanta ), and not in a continuous ( cf.

The theory was contrasted against phyletic gradualism, the popular idea that evolutionary change is marked by a pattern of smooth and continuous change in the fossil record.

A continuous rocker is a smooth curve that does not change from tip to tail, while a three-stage rocker has two distinct bend points, almost like a skateboard deck but not nearly as drastic.

The transition from one set of frequencies to the other may be a continuous or a discontinuous change in the frequency or phase.

When watching a film that exceeds 74 minutes, which is the maximum video capacity of one disc, a viewer would have to stand up and change the disc upon reaching half-way ( unless the discs are played on a VCD changer that could hold multiple discs as well as playing them automatically in succession ), whereas a single VHS can hold 3½ hours of continuous video.

If this is the case, the continuous change in social structures could bring about a change in social capital, which can cause changes in community atmosphere.

The exponential distribution may be viewed as a continuous counterpart of the geometric distribution, which describes the number of Bernoulli trials necessary for a discrete process to change state.

In contrast, the exponential distribution describes the time for a continuous process to change state.

Intuitively, a Lipschitz continuous function is limited in how fast it can change: for every pair of points on the graph of this function, the absolute value of the slope of the line connecting them is no greater than a definite real number ; this bound is called the function's " Lipschitz constant " ( or " modulus of uniform continuity ").

Partial Differential Equations ( PDEs ) are equations that involve rates of change with respect to continuous variables.

Bremsstrahlung has a continuous spectrum, which becomes more intense and shifts toward higher frequencies as the change of the energy of the accelerated particles increases.

If X and Y are Banach spaces over the same ground field K, the set of all continuous K-linear maps T: X → Y is denoted by B ( X, Y ).

In other words, it is the coarsest topology such that the maps T < sub > x </ sub > from X * to the base field R or C remain continuous.

The continuous signal varies over time ( or space in a digitized image, or another independent variable in some other application ) and the sampling process is performed by measuring the continuous signal's value every T units of time ( or space ), which is called the sampling interval.

The strongest continuous field achieved with a resistive magnet is currently ( 2008 ) 35 T, produced by a Bitter electromagnet.

The strongest continuous magnetic field, 45 T, was achieved with a hybrid device consisting of a Bitter magnet inside a superconducting magnet.

A little known American inventor, Henery T. Stith, developed a continuous track prototype, which was, in multiple forms, patented in 1873, 1880, and 1900.

In May 1924, at Montlhéry, near Paris, T. G. Gillett broke the continuous 24-hour record in a 2-litre A. C., fitted with special streamlined bodywork, covering a distance of 1, 949. 3 miles.

( X, S ) and ( X, T ) are distinct objects in the category Top of topological spaces and continuous maps, but mapped to the same set X by the forgetful functor Top → Set.

For functions that vary with time, let s ( t ) be a continuous function ( or " signal ") to be sampled, and let sampling be performed by measuring the value of the continuous function every T seconds, which is called the sampling interval.

The set of all λ for which λI-T is injective and has dense range, but is not surjective, is called the continuous spectrum of T, denoted by σ < sub > c </ sub >( T ).

If G is a locally compact abelian group, a character of G is a continuous group homomorphism from G with values in the circle group T. The set of all characters on G can be made into a locally compact abelian group, called the dual group of G and denoted Ĝ.

The group operation on the dual group is given by pointwise multiplication of characters, the inverse of a character is its complex conjugate and the topology on the space of characters is that of uniform convergence on compact sets ( i. e., the compact-open topology, viewing Ĝ as a subset of the space of all continuous functions from G to T .).

An equation ( z = e < sup > sT </ sup >) maps continuous s-plane poles ( not zeros ) into the z-domain, where T is the sampling period.

The adjoint map T → T * is continuous in the weak operator topology.

In functional analysis, the weak operator topology, often abbreviated WOT, is the weakest topology on the set of bounded operators on a Hilbert space H, such that the functional sending an operator T to the complex number < Tx, y > is continuous for any vectors x and y in the Hilbert space.

In functional analysis, a branch of mathematics, the strong operator topology, often abbreviated SOT, is the weakest locally convex topology on the set of bounded operators on a Hilbert space ( or, more generally, on a Banach space ) such that the evaluation map sending an operator T to the real number is continuous for each vector x in the Hilbert space.

Nowadays, the dedication of FM organisations to new developments and continuous innovation processes seems to be the way to stay in business, constantly exceeding customers ’ expectations and adding value to the core business of the client organisation ( Mudrak, T., Wagenberg, A. V.

If X is any topological space and Y is Hausdorff, then it is straightforward to show that the graph of T is closed whenever T is continuous.

This is the content of the closed graph theorem: if the graph of T is closed in ( with the product topology ), we say that T is a closed operator, and, in this setting, we may conclude that T is continuous.

What that spirit and attitude were we can best understand if we see more precisely how it contrasts with the communist tradition with the longest continuous history, the one which reached Christianity by the way of Stoicism through the Church Fathers of Late Antiquity.

In many cases it is not possible to divide the process into a finite number of discrete stages, since the state of the stream is transformed in a continuous manner through the process.

We hope thereby to emphasize that, from a psychological standpoint, the effectual prevention of illegitimacy is a continuous long-term process involving the socialization of the female from infancy through adolescence.

* 1918 – World War I: the Battle of Amiens begins a string of almost continuous victories with a push through the German front lines ( Hundred Days Offensive ).

Apostolic succession is the method whereby the ministry of the Christian Church is held to be derived from the apostles by a continuous succession, which has usually been associated with a claim that the succession is through a series of bishops.

This continuous maintenance of relationship between the individual Jew and God through either study, or prayer repeated trice daily, is the confirmation of the original covenant.

Knights are units that require continuous maintenance through their activation mechanism, but have a wide variety of functions.

In a memorably long, continuous sequence, the camera moves forward through the hotel ballroom, finally focusing on the drummer in a dance band performing in blackface.

A continuous stream of air flows through the Air-breathing engine.

Duddell didn't further develop his invention, but in 1902 Danish physicists Valdemar Poulsen and P. O. Pederson were able to increase the frequency produced into the radio range, inventing the Poulsen arc radio transmitter, the first continuous wave radio transmitter, which was used through the 1920s.

The idea of lipid flow through a continuous system of membranes and vesicles was an alternative to the various membranes being independent entities that are formed from transport of free lipid components, such as fatty acids and sterols, through the cytosol.

Importantly, the transport of lipids through the cytosol and lipid flow through a continuous endomembrane system are not mutually exclusive processes and both may occur in cells.

The latter was a cabinet in which a continuous loop of Dickson's celluloid film ( powered by an electric motor ) was back lit by an incandescent lamp and seen through a magnifying lens.

Isaacs considered that ' Unconscious phantasies exert a continuous influence throughout life, both in normal and neurotic people, the difference lying in the specific character of the dominant phantasies '; Most schools of psychoanalytic thought would now accept that ' Both in analysis and life, we perceive reality through a veil of unconscious fantasy '.

The mathematical roots of the idea of fractals have been traced through a formal path of published works, starting in the 17th century with notions of recursion, then moving through increasingly rigorous mathematical treatment of the concept to the study of continuous but not differentiable functions in the 19th century, and on to the coining of the word fractal in the 20th century with a subsequent burgeoning of interest in fractals and computer-based modelling in the 21st century.

They are continuous through all concealed spaces ( e. g., above a ceiling ), but are not required to extend through concealed spaces if the construction assembly forming the bottom of the space has a fire resistance rating at least equal of the fire barrier wall.

Along with light, sound and colour effects the ride moved at a rate of approximately 120 feet per minute, allowing spectators to look down through a continuous curved pane of glass towards the model.

This mass is collected by centrifugation, then transported through several stages integrated in a continuous process.

This understanding of traditional preservation of the law through its continuous interpretation lies at the heart of Klein's extensive study of Jewish law.

Ions gradually lose their energy as they travel through the solid, both from occasional collisions with target atoms ( which cause abrupt energy transfers ) and from a mild drag from overlap of electron orbitals, which is a continuous process.