[permalink] [id link]
Electrons are extracted from metal electrodes either by heating the electrode, causing thermionic emission, or by applying a strong electric field and causing field electron emission.
from
Wikipedia
Some Related Sentences
Electrons and are
Electrons that are bound to atoms possess a set of stable energy levels, or orbitals, and can undergo transitions between them by absorbing or emitting photons that match the energy differences between the levels.
Electrons that populate a shell are said to be in a bound state.
Electrons in an s orbital benefit from closer proximity to the positively charged atom nucleus, and are therefore lower in energy.
Electrons ( the other major component of the atom ) are leptons.
Electrons are the charge carriers in metals and they follow an erratic path, bouncing from atom to atom, but generally drifting in the opposite direction of the electric field.
* Electrons are also transferred to the electron acceptor Q, forming QH < sub > 2 </ sub >.
Electrons which diffuse from the cathode into the P-doped layer, or anode, become what is termed " minority carriers " and tend to recombine there with the majority carriers, which are holes, on a timescale characteristic of the material which is the p-type minority carrier lifetime.
Electrons are responsible for emission of most EMR because they have low mass, and therefore are easily accelerated by a variety of mechanisms.
Electrons are at the heart of cathode ray tubes, which have been used extensively as display devices in laboratory instruments, computer monitors and television sets.
Electrons are bound by electromagnetic wave mechanics into orbitals around atomic nuclei to form atoms, which are the building blocks of molecules.
Two of the most popular are " OIL RIG " ( Oxidation Is Loss, Reduction Is Gain ) and " LEO " the lion says " GER " ( Lose Electrons: Oxidization, Gain Electrons: Reduction ).
: Electrons are transferred from iron reducing oxygen in the atmosphere into water on the cathode, which is placed in another region of the metal.
Electrons are drawn from the anode to the cathode through an external circuit, producing direct current electricity.
Electrons in this state are 45 % likely to be found within the solid body shown.
Electrons are particulate radiation and, hence, have cross section many times larger than photons, so that they do not penetrate the product beyond a few inches, depending on product density.
Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.
Electrons are fermions with S = 1 / 2 ; quanta of light are bosons with S = 1.
Electrons behave as beams of energy, and in the presence of a potential U ( z ), assuming 1-dimensional case, the energy levels ψ < sub > n </ sub >( z ) of the electrons are given by solutions to Schrödinger ’ s equation,
Electrons and how they interact with electromagnetic fields are important in our understanding of chemistry and physics.
Electrons remain bound to atoms but are able to transfer to adjacent atoms.
Electrons and from
Electrons can also be emitted from the electrodes of certain metals when light of frequency greater than the threshold frequency falls on it.
Electrons flow from the source terminal towards the drain terminal if influenced by an applied voltage.
Electrons emitted from the filament move several times in back and forth movements around the grid before finally entering the grid.
Electrons can absorb energy from photons when irradiated, but they usually follow an " all or nothing " principle.
Electrons ejected from a solid will generally undergo multiple scattering events and lose energy in the form of collective electron density oscillations called plasmons.
Electrons tunnel from one wire to another through the island.
Electrons from ionized atoms interact mainly with neutral atoms, causing thermal bremsstrahlung radiation.
Electrons scatter from all of these, resulting in resistance to their flow.
Electrons then leak from the belt to the upper comb and to the terminal, leaving the belt positively charged as it returns down and the terminal negatively charged.
Electrons can also be completely removed from a chemical species such as an atom, molecule, or ion.
Electrons are able to jump from one band to another.
Synchrotron radiation was named after its discovery in a General Electric synchrotron accelerator built in 1946 and announced in May 1947 by Frank Elder, Anatole Gurewitsch, Robert Langmuir, and Herb Pollock in a letter entitled " Radiation from Electrons in a Synchrotron ".
Electrons in this system are not conserved, but are rather continually entering from oxidized 2H < sub > 2 </ sub > O ( O < sub > 2 </ sub > + 4 H < sup >+</ sup > + 4 e < sup >-</ sup >) and exiting with NADP < sup >+</ sup > when it is finally reduced to NADPH.
Electrons are usually generated in an electron microscope by a process known as thermionic emission from a filament, usually tungsten, in the same manner as a light bulb, or alternatively by field electron emission.
Electrons in solids have a chemical potential, defined the same way as the chemical potential of a chemical species: The change in free energy when electrons are added or removed from the system.
Electrons flow from the negative terminal of the power supply up the negative rail, across the projectile, and down the positive rail, back to the power supply.
Electrons ionized from the neutral gas are not useful in sustaining the negative corona process by generating secondary electrons for further avalanches, as the general movement of electrons in a negative corona is outward from the curved electrode.
Electrons emerging from the accelerator have energies up to 25MeV and are moving an appreciable fraction ( 95-99 + percent ) of the speed of light ( relativistic velocities ).
Electrons and metal
Electrons will move to the left side ( uncovering positive ions on the right side ) until they cancel the field inside the metal.
Electrons from the metal are used to bond to the ligand, in the process relieving the metal of excess negative charge.
Electrons and electrodes
# Electrons travel ballistically between electrodes ( i. e., no scattering ).
Electrons and holes are injected into the organic layer at the electrodes and form excitons, a bound state of the electron and hole.
0.115 seconds.