* John Marston – Histriomastix published

Traditionally, though without strong external attribution, Histriomastix has been regarded as his first play ; performed by either the Children of Paul's or the students of the Middle Temple in around 1599, it appears to have sparked the War of the Theatres, the literary feud between Marston, Jonson and Dekker that took place between around 1599 and 1602.

# In his play Histriomastix ( 1599 ), Marston satirized Jonson ’ s pride through the character Chrisoganus.

" Marston's Subversion of Shakespeare and Jonson: Histriomastix and the War of the Theaters.

Before A Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage, most anti-theatre pamphlets were merely nondescript diatribes ( e. g. William Prynne ’ s Histriomastix ( 1633 )), but with his innovative techniques, Collier comprehensively indicted the entire Restoration stage ( Cordner 215 ).

Every Man Out contains an allusion to John Marston's Histriomastix in Act III, scene i, a play that was acted in the autumn of 1599 ; the clown character Clove speaks " fustian " in mimicry of Marston's style.

The opposition to acting as public performance, typefied by William Prynne's Histriomastix, was not a concern with drama as a form.

Histriomastix is a volume of over a thousand pages, showing that plays were unlawful, incentives to immorality, and condemned by the scriptures, the fathers, modern Christian writers, and the wisest of the heathen philosophers.

He made a bitter attack on William Prynne, who had attacked the stage in Histriomastix, and, when in 1634 a special masque was presented at Whitehall by the gentlemen of the Inns of Court as a practical reply to Prynne, Shirley supplied the text — The Triumph of Peace.

Histriomastix: The Player's Scourge, or Actor's Tragedy is a critique of professional theatre and actors, written by the Puritan author and controversialist William Prynne.

While the publishing history of the work is not absolutely clear, there is reason to believe that Histriomastix was published late in 1632 by the bookseller Michael Sparke, although it had been in preparation by its author for almost ten years prior to its final printing.

( Note: the order of these first two events has been questioned by James Bednarz, who argues that "( a ) Histriomastix was deliberately launched in the final weeks of 1599 to serve as a critique of Jonson's first " comicall satire " Every Man Out, and that ( b ) Jonson's disparagement of Histriomastix in Every Man Out ( III. iv. 29 ) was subsequently added to the acting script of his already completed play, before the end of the same year, as a rejoinder to Marston's initial attack.

Like many Puritans abhorring decadent celebrations he was strongly opposed to religious feast days, including Christmas, and revelry such as stage plays, and he included in his Histriomastix ( 1632 ) a denunciation of actresses which was widely felt to be an attack of Queen Henrietta Maria.

Histriomastix is the one of his works that receives attention from modern scholars, but for its relevance to English Renaissance theatre.

Histriomastix represents the culmination of the Puritan attack on the English Renaissance theatre and celebrations such as Christmas, as noted in the following: " Our Christmas lords of misrule, together with dancing, masks, mummeries, state players, and such other Christmas disorders, now in use with Christians, were derived from these Roman Saturnalia and Bacchanalian festivals, which should cause all pious Christians eternally to abominate them.

Running to over a thousand pages, and with a main title of 43 lines, Histriomastix marshals a multitude of ancient and medieval authorities against the " sin " of dramatic performance.

* Histriomastix, London, Paul's Theatre, 1599 ( attrib.

# In Cynthia's Revels ( 1600 ), acted by the Children of the Chapel, Jonson satirizes both Marston and Dekker.

* 1605 – The controversial play Eastward Hoe by Ben Jonson, George Chapman, and John Marston is performed, landing two of the authors in prison.

But he was in great demand and also appeared in the plays of many of the great contemporary writers, such as Ben Jonson ( the title role in Volpone, and Subtle in The Alchemist ), John Marston ( The Malcontent ), John Webster ( The Duchess of Malfi ) and Beaumont and Fletcher ( The Maid's Tragedy ).

* George Chapman, Ben Jonson & John Marston – Eastward Hoe ( performed & published )

To these years belong the collaborations with Ben Jonson and John Marston which presumably contributed to the War of the Theatres in 1600 and 1601.

In that year, also, he collaborated with Chettle, Jonson, and Marston on a play about Robert II.

He variously commissioned, bought and produced plays by, or made loans to Ben Jonson, Christopher Marlowe, Thomas Middleton, Robert Greene, Henry Chettle, George Chapman, Thomas Dekker, John Webster, Anthony Munday, Henry Porter, John Day, John Marston and Michael Drayton.

Individual scholars have attributed the play to Ben Jonson, Thomas Dekker, John Marston, and Michael Drayton ; others have suggested Thomas Heywood and George Wilkins.

Eastward Ho ( 1605 ), written with Jonson and John Marston, contained satirical references to the Scots which landed Chapman and Jonson in jail.

* Chapman, George, Benjamin Jonson et John Marston.

On the excuse of discussing a recently-published collection of extracts from contemporary poetry, John Bodenham's Belvedere, he briefly criticizes, or rather characterizes, a number of writers of the day, among them being Spenser, Constable, Michael Drayton, John Davies, John Marston, Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, Shakespeare, and Thomas Nashe ; the last of whom is referred to as dead.

The character Lampatho Doria is generally thought to represent Ben Jonson, Marston's opponent in the controversy, while Quadratus may stand in for Marston himself.

Jonson, who reported to Drummond that Marston had accused him of sexual profligacy, satirized Marston in Clove in Every Man Out of His Humour, as Crispinus in Poetaster, and as Hedon in Cynthia's Revels.

Jonson criticised Marston for being a false poet, a vain, careless writer who plagiarised the works of others and whose own works were marked by bizarre diction and ugly neologisms.

For his part, Marston may have satirized Jonson as the complacent, arrogant critic Brabant Senior in Jack Drum's Entertainment and as the envious, misanthropic playwright and satirist Lampatho Doria in What You Will.

If Jonson can be trusted, the animosity between himself and Marston went beyond the literary.

However, the two playwrights were reconciled soon after the so-called War ; Marston wrote a prefatory poem for Jonson's Sejanus in 1605 and dedicated The Malcontent to Jonson.

Chapman and Jonson were arrested for, according to Jonson, a few clauses that offended the Scots, but Marston escaped any imprisonment.

William Gifford, perhaps the eighteenth century's most devoted reader of Jonson, called Marston " the most scurrilous, filthy and obscene writer of his time.

* Eastward Ho, by Marston, George Chapman, and Ben Jonson, London, Blackfriars theater, 1604-1605.

Although Elizabeth is not listed as Marston ’ s collaborator in his early work ; Lamb, Matte ( 1996 ), and others refer directly and indirectly to Elizabeth ’ s own work on her husband ’ s deception research.

The Earl of Manchester ’ s army passed through Gainsborough in May 1644 on its way to York and the Battle of Marston Moor.

The bicycle manufacturing part of the business quickly became more successful than the production of decorative japanned ware, and Marston ’ s factory was renamed the Sunbeam Cycle Works.

* Barton and Sandhills ; Blackbird Leys ; Carfax ; Churchill ; Cowley ; Cowley Marsh ; Headington ; Headington Hill and Northway ; Hinksey Park ; Holywell ; Iffley Fields ; Littlemore ; Lye Valley ; Marston ; Northfield Brook ; Quarry and Risinghurst ; Rose Hill and Iffley ; St Clement ’ s ; St Mary ’ s.

At the height of the industry ’ s production there were 167 brick chimneys in the Marston Vale.

In 1868 he played Charles Surface in Sheridan ’ s " School for Scandal " at the St James's Theatre and later that year as Sir Oscar playing opposite Adelaide Neilson in Marston ’ s “ Life for Life ” at the Prince of Wales Theatre.