Later legends ( beginning with a poem by Statius in the 1st century AD ) state that Achilles was invulnerable in all of his body except for his heel.

The logical works of Aristotle were compiled into six books in about the early 1st century AD:

In Latin texts, on the other hand, Joseph Fontenrose declared himself unable to find any conflation of Apollo with Sol among the Augustan poets of the 1st century, not even in the conjurations of Aeneas and Latinus in Aeneid XII ( 161 – 215 ).

The type is represented by neo-Attic Imperial Roman copies of the late 1st or early 2nd century, modelled upon a supposed Greek bronze original made in the second quarter of the 5th century BCE, in a style similar to works of Polykleitos but more archaic.

Writing in the 1st century BC, Horace refers to the wax abacus, a board covered with a thin layer of black wax on which columns and figures were inscribed using a stylus.

One example of archaeological evidence of the Roman abacus, shown here in reconstruction, dates to the 1st century AD.

The Kingdom of Pontus was independent from the 3rd century BC, until the middle of the 1st century BC.

During the 1st century BC the Armenians in what had been Urartu established the powerful Armenian kingdom under Tigran who reigned throughout much of eastern Anatolia between the Caspian, Black Sea and Mediterranean.

Schweitzer writes that modern Christians of many kinds deliberately ignore the urgent message ( so powerfully proclaimed by Jesus during the 1st century ) of an imminent end of the world.

Schweitzer concludes that the 1st century theology, originating in the lifetimes of those who first followed Jesus, is both incompatible with, and far removed from, those beliefs later made official by the Roman Emperor Constantine in 325 CE.

Buddhism arrived in China around the 1st century AD, but it was not until the Northern and Southern, Sui and Tang Dynasties that it gained considerable influence and acknowledgement.

* Aenesidemus ( 1st century BC )

* Agrippa ( 1st century AD )

These steels were of poor quality, and the introduction of pattern welding, around the 1st century AD, sought to balance the extreme properties of the alloys by laminating them, to create a tougher metal.

The New Perspective scholars propose that the 1st century, Second Temple Judaism understood election primarily as national ( Israelites ) and racial ( Jews ), not as individual.

Indeed most biblical scholarship is in agreement that Judeo-Greco-Roman thought in the 1st century was opposite of the Western world's " individual first " mantra – it was very collectivist or communitarian in nature.

* Pedanius Dioscorides ( 1st century ) Greek physician, pharmacologist and botanist

* Gnaeus Domitius Calvinus, general and consul of the 1st century BC

* Gnaeus Domitius Corbulo, was the name of two politicians in the 1st century AD.

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as a spoken language somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BC ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century AD.

Brahmi numeral s ( lower row ) in India in the 1st century CE

* Pontius Aquila, 1st century B. C.

Eduens denier, 1st century BCE, 1940mg.

The Greek additions to Esther ( which do not appear in the Jewish / Hebrew ; see " Additions to Esther " below ) are dated to around the late 2nd century or early 1st BCE.

He may have had in mind the Apocryphon of Ezekiel, a 1st century BCE text that expands on the doctrine of resurrection.

Zhan Guo Ce was a renowned ancient Chinese historical work and compilation of sporadic materials on the Warring States Period compiled between 3rd century to 1st century BCE.

1 Esdras, probably from the late 2nd / early 1st centuries BCE, preserves a Greek text of Ezra and a part of Nehemiah distinctly different from that of Ezra-Nehemiah-in particular it eliminates Nehemiah from the story and gives some of his deeds to Ezra, as well as telling events in a different order.

The Essenes ( in Modern but not in Ancient Hebrew:, Isiyim ; Greek: Εσσήνοι, Εσσαίοι, or Οσσαίοι ; Essēnoi, Essaioi, Ossaioi ) were a sect of Second Temple Judaism that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE which some scholars claim seceded from the Zadokite priests.

Scholars have theorized about whether or not Freyja and the goddess Frigg ultimately stem from a single goddess common among the Germanic peoples ; about her connection to the valkyries, female battlefield choosers of the slain ; and her relation to other goddesses and figures in Germanic mythology, including the thrice-burnt and thrice-reborn Gullveig / Heiðr, the goddesses Gefjon, Skaði, Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa, Menglöð, and the 1st century BCE " Isis " of the Suebi.

By the 1st century BCE, noxii were being condemned to the beasts ( damnati ad bestias ) in the arena, with almost no chance of survival, or were made to kill each other.

The inscriptions on the Edicts of Ashoka | edicts of Ashoka ( 1st millennium BCE ) display this number system being used by the Imperial Maurya Empire | Mauryas.

In Indian philosophy, Kanada was the first to systematically develop a theory of atomism during the 6th century BCE, and it was further elaborated on by the Buddhist atomists Dharmakirti and Dignāga during the 1st millennium CE.

Massalia ( modern Marseille ) silver coin with Greek legend, a testimony to Greeks in pre-Roman Gaul, 5th – 1st century BCE.

Athenaeus ( writing in the 1st or 2nd century BCE, and drawing on the etymological speculation of Apollodorus of Athens ) notes that the red mullet is sacred to Hecate, " on account of the resemblance of their names ; for that the goddess is trimorphos, of a triple form ".

Akkadian gradually replaced Sumerian as the spoken language of Mesopotamia somewhere around the turn of the 3rd and the 2nd millennium BCE ( the exact dating being a matter of debate ), but Sumerian continued to be used as a sacred, ceremonial, literary and scientific language in Mesopotamia until the 1st century CE.

The aridization period that lasted for a millennium from the end of the 2nd millennium to the beginning of the 1st millennium BCE caused depopulation of the arid belts and river valley oasis areas, their population moved north to the forest-steppe zone.

New populations migrated in with the end of the arid period in the beginning of the 1st millennia BCE, repopulating abandoned areas by inflows from the west and from the east, creating symbiotic societies that started forming in the 7th century BCE.

The Mishnah reflects debates between 1st century BCE and 2nd century CE by the group of rabbinic sages known as the Tannaim.

The Essenes ( in Modern but not in Ancient Hebrew:, Isiyim ; Greek: Εσσηνοι, Εσσαιοι, or Οσσαιοι ; Essēnoi, Essaioi, Ossaioi ) were a Jewish sect that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE which some scholars claim seceded from the Zadokite priests.

Sculpture of the goddess Venus of Arles, late 1st century BCE.

The Indo-Scythians were descended from the Sakas ( Scythians ) who migrated from southern Siberia to pakistan and Arachosia from the middle of the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century BCE.

The concepts of angle and radius were already used by ancient peoples of the 1st millennium BCE.

Paul Waldau writes that the overriding of animals ' interests was traditionally justified by arguing that they existed for human use ; Aristotle made this claim in the 4th century BCE, as did Cicero in the 1st century CE.