microbial

It appeared that most of the mixed liquor suspended solids were active microbial solids with the heavier, less active solids settling out.

Side-effects range from mild to very serious depending on the antibiotics used, the microbial organisms targeted, and the individual patient.

Probiotics consist of a live culture of bacteria, which may become established as competing symbionts, and inhibit or interfere with colonization by microbial pathogens.

The risk is microbial and viral contamination.

It can turn sewage into air and water through microbial action.

The microbial oxidation process occurs at the cell membrane of the bacteria.

This form of leaching does not rely on microbial oxidation of metal but rather uses microbial metabolism as source of acids that directly dissolve the metal.

One of the densest natural sources for phages and other viruses is sea water, where up to 9 × 10 < sup > 8 </ sup > virions per milliliter have been found in microbial mats at the surface, and up to 70 % of marine bacteria may be infected by phages.

Also, using microbial methods, bacteria can be suitably modified to be effective in only a narrow environmental range, the range of the target that distinctly differs from the army on the offensive.

Despite its toxicity, a considerable fraction of petroleum oil entering marine systems is eliminated by the hydrocarbon-degrading activities of microbial communities, in particular by a remarkable recently discovered group of specialists, the so-called hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria ( HCCB ).

While diverse life forms prospered in the oceans, the land was comparatively barren – with nothing more complex than a microbial soil crust and a few forms that apparently emerged to browse on the microbial materials.

The turnover in this group is clearly marked at the species level .< ref > Statistical analysis of marine losses at this time suggests that the decrease in diversity was caused more by a sharp increase in extinctions than by a decrease in speciation .< ref > The K – T boundary record of dinoflagellates is not as well-understood, mainly because only microbial cysts provide a fossil record, and not all dinoflagellate species have cyst-forming stages, thereby likely causing diversity to be underestimated.

* Carbon — for energy ; the microbial oxidation of carbon produces the heat, if included at suggested levels.

The " microbial pesticides " in compost may include thermophiles and mesophiles, however certain composting detritivores such as black soldier fly larvae and redworms, also reduce many pathogens.

* Autophagy-The process whereby cells " eat " their own internal components or microbial invaders.

Aflatoxin B < sub > 1 </ sub >, which is produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus growing on stored grains, nuts and peanut butter, is an example of a potent, naturally occurring microbial carcinogen.

The Global Ocean Sampling Expedition ( GOS ) is an ocean exploration genome project with the goal of assessing the genetic diversity in marine microbial communities and to understand their role in nature's fundamental processes.

Snow proposed a microbial origin for epidemic cholera in 1849.

Instead they are hindgut fermenters that digest cellulose via microbial fermentation.

Commonly, this term is used to refer specifically to infectious diseases, which are clinically evident diseases that result from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, and aberrant proteins known as prions.

The sea is called " dead " because its high salinity prevents macroscopic aquatic organisms, such as fish and aquatic plants, from living in it, though minuscule quantities of bacteria and microbial fungi are present.

Recent work suggests that this may not be the case with single stranded viruses forming the majority of viruses found in sea water, fresh water, sediment, terrestrial, extreme, metazoan-associated and marine microbial mats.

In it, they discussed the Rare Earth hypothesis, in which they claim that Earth-like life is rare in the Universe, while microbial life is common.