silicon

The high abundance of oxygen, silicon, and iron on Earth reflect their common production in such stars, after the lighter gaseous elements and their compounds have been subtracted.

Calcium-40 is created in extremely large and hot ( over 2. 5 × 10 < sup > 9 </ sup > K ) stars, as part of the silicon-burning process in which alpha particles are added to silicon atoms.

It rapidly etches the surface of semiconductors such as silicon.

Specialized supports include silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, and barium sulfate.

These materials include: silicon, carbon fiber, carbon nanofibers, filaments, carbon nanotubes, SiO < sub > 2 </ sub >, silicon-germanium, tungsten, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, titanium nitride, and various high-k dielectrics.

Polycrystalline silicon is deposited from silane ( SiH < sub > 4 </ sub >), using the following reaction:

During further process steps that occur at high temperature, the impurities may diffuse from the oxide into adjacent layers ( most notably silicon ) and dope them.

In addition, silicon dioxide alloyed with phosphorus pentoxide (" P-glass ") can be used to smooth out uneven surfaces.

Lower temperature deposition of silicon dioxide and doped glasses from TEOS using ozone rather than oxygen has also been explored ( 350 to 500 ° C ).

The following two reactions deposit silicon nitride from the gas phase:

These metals can form useful silicides when deposited onto silicon.

Some elements, such as carbon or silicon, may be considered ceramics.

The modern ceramic materials, which are classified as advanced ceramics, include silicon carbide and tungsten carbide.

As well as these molecules, emission from heavy atoms such as iron, magnesium and silicon was detected, with abundances consistent with what would be found in a cometary nucleus.

The first experimental device demonstrating the principle was a row of closely spaced metal squares on an oxidized silicon surface electrically accessed by wire bonds.

are Silicon Creatures, humanoids of a silicon base that are similar to cyborgs.

An example of silicon based life forms takes place in the Alan Dean Foster novel Sentenced to Prism in which the protagonist Evan Orgell is trapped on a planet whose entire ecosystem is mostly silicon-based.

Similarly, Arthur C. Clarke's " Crusade " revolves around a planetwide life-form based on silicon and superfluid helium located in deep intergalactic space, processing its thoughts slowly by human standards, that sends probes to look for similar life in nearby galaxies.

The entire species dies out every 50, 000 years except for one who tends for all the eggs, which take the form of silicon nodules scattered throughout the caverns and tunnels of its home planet, Janus VI.

Appearing only in the Star Wars Expanded Universe is the spice spider of Kessel, a creature made of glitterstim spice and silicon that spun crystalline webs harvested by miners as glitterstim spice, an illegal psychoactive narcotic.

* In the movie The Monolith Monsters ( 1957 ), a silicon meteor reproduces, draining silicates from everything it touches.

* On the " Island Of Terror " ( 1966 ), silicon based life-forms are created accidentally by scientists while researching a cure for cancer.