thermonuclear

He gained renown as the designer of the Soviet Union's Third Idea, a codename for Soviet development of thermonuclear weapons.

* 1953 – Nuclear weapons testing: the Soviet atomic bomb project continues with the detonation of Joe 4, the first Soviet thermonuclear weapon.

Sakharov, in association with Igor Tamm, proposed confining extremely hot ionized plasma by torus shaped magnetic fields for controlling thermonuclear fusion that led to the development of the tokamak device.

As it turned out, neither of the originally-proposed UK-designed warheads were actually fitted, being superseded by Red Snow, an Anglicised variant of the U. S. W-28 thermonuclear warhead of 1. 1 Mt yield.

Estimates of the energy of the blast range from 5 to as high as 30 megatons of TNT ( 21 – 130 PJ ), with the most likely — roughly equal to the United States ' Castle Bravo thermonuclear bomb tested on March 1, 1954 ; about 1, 000 times more powerful than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima, Japan ; and about one-third the power of the Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever detonated.

* 1998 – India conducts three underground atomic tests in Pokhran to include a thermonuclear device.

Can thermonuclear war be set off by accident??

The system appeared to be entirely workable when the project was shut down in 1965, the main reason being given that the Partial Test Ban Treaty made it illegal ( however, before the treaty, the US and Soviet Union had already detonated at least nine nuclear bombs, including thermonuclear bombs, in space, i. e., at altitudes over 100 km: see high altitude nuclear explosions ).

There are two possible routes to a supernova: either a massive star may run out of fuel, ceasing to generate fusion energy in its core, and collapsing inward under the force of its own gravity to form a neutron star or a black hole ; or a white dwarf star may accumulate ( accrete ) material from a companion star until it reaches a critical mass and undergoes a thermonuclear explosion.

The site was already home to several University of California Radiation Laboratory projects that were too large for its location in the hills above the Berkeley campus, including one of the first experiments in the magnetic approach to confined thermonuclear reactions ( i. e. fusion ).

The results showed that, in workable configurations, a thermonuclear reaction would not ignite, and if ignited, it would not be self sustaining.

Twelve thermonuclear warheads were exploded in all, one of which was deliberately disrupted when the PGM-17 Thor carrying it failed to launch scattering plutonium debris over the island.

Although these tests did not produce a thermonuclear detonation, they showed that a small fusion component could significantly enhance a fission explosion.

However, he noted that soft X-radiation from the fission bomb would compress the thermonuclear fuel more strongly than mechanical shock and suggested ways to enhance this effect.

Nevertheless, the bombing target marker was located at the south point of the island and three thermonuclear devices were detonated at high altitude a short distance offshore in 1957.

Insiders favored the terms nuclear and thermonuclear, respectively.

* Radionuclides are produced as an unavoidable side effect of nuclear and thermonuclear explosions.

* Warhead: Red Snow thermonuclear ( 1. 1 Mt )

As noted in discussions of the effects of nuclear weapons, this includes the vaporization of human bodies by the 1945 atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and the vaporization of the uninhabited Marshall Island of Elugelab in the 1952 Ivy Mike thermonuclear test.

( The blue ' ionization | pre-ionisation ' curve applies to certain types of Nuclear weapon design | thermonuclear weapon, where gamma ray | gamma and x-ray s from the primary fission stage Ionization | ionise the atmosphere and make it electrically conductive before the main pulse from the thermonuclear stage.

A three-stage H-bomb uses a fission bomb primary to compress a thermonuclear secondary, as in most H-bombs, and then uses energy from the resulting explosion to compress a much larger additional thermonuclear stage.

Most scholars have agreed with the assessment made by Hans Bethe in 1952, which concluded that by the time Fuchs left the thermonuclear program — the summer of 1946 — there was too little known about the mechanism of the hydrogen bomb for his information to be of any necessary use to the Soviet Union ( the successful Teller-Ulam design was not discovered until 1951 ).

Spitzer was the founding director of Project Matterhorn, Princeton University's pioneering program in controlled thermonuclear research, renamed in 1961 as Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory.

In 1951, together with Andrei Sakharov, Tamm proposed a tokamak system of the realization of CTF on the basis of toroidal magnetic thermonuclear reactor and soon after the first such devices were built by the INF, resulting the T-3 Soviet magnetic confinement device from 1968, when the plasma parameters unique for that time were obtained, of showing the temperatures in their machine to be over an order of magnitude higher than what was expected by the rest of the community.

The answer was for a rocket-powered, supersonic missile capable of carrying a large nuclear ( or projected thermonuclear ) warhead with a range of at least.