Page "Galaxy" Paragraph 12

According to Mohani Mohamed, the Arabian astronomer Alhazen ( 965 – 1037 ) made the first attempt at observing and measuring the Milky Way's parallax, and he thus " determined that because the Milky Way had no parallax, it was very remote from the Earth and did not belong to the atmosphere.

" The Persian astronomer al-Bīrūnī ( 973 – 1048 ) proposed the Milky Way galaxy to be " a collection of countless fragments of the nature of nebulous stars.

" The Andalusian astronomer Ibn Bajjah (" Avempace ", d. 1138 ) proposed that the Milky Way was made up of many stars that almost touch one another and appear to be a continuous image due to the effect of refraction from sublunary material, citing his observation of the conjunction of Jupiter and Mars as evidence of this occurring when two objects are near.

In the 14th century, the Syrian-born Ibn Qayyim proposed the Milky Way galaxy to be " a myriad of tiny stars packed together in the sphere of the fixed stars ".