Page "Short-term memory" Paragraph 12
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The relationship between short-term memory and working memory is described differently by various theories, but it is generally acknowledged that the two concepts are distinct.
Working memory is a theoretical framework that refers to structures and processes used for temporarily storing and manipulating information.
Short-term memory in general refers, in a theory-neutral manner, to the short-term storage of information, and it does not entail the manipulation or organization of material held in memory.
Thus, while there are short-term memory components to working memory models, the concept of short-term memory is distinct from these more hypothetical concepts.
Within Baddeley's influential 1986 model of working memory there are two short-term storage mechanisms: the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad.
Most of the research referred to here involves the phonological loop, because most of the work done on short-term memory has used verbal material.
In recent years, however, there has been a surge in research on visual short-term memory, and also increasing work on spatial short-term memory.
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