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From the equilibrium sorption data which are available, it seems logical to expect that polyphosphate ions would be strongly sorbed on the surface of the dirt ( especially clay soils ) so as to give it a greatly increased negative charge.

The charged particles then repel each other and are also repelled from the charged surface, which almost invariably bears a negative charge under washing conditions.

The negatively charged dirt particles then leave the surface and go into the aqueous phase.

This hypothesis is evolved in analogy to the demonstrated action of organic actives in detergency.

It does not consider the kinetic effects of the phosphate builders on sorption-desorption phenomena which will be discussed later ( see pp. 1746 - 1748 ).