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So far as I can see, there is only one way out for the positivist.

He holds that goodness and badness lie in feelings of approval or disapproval.

And there is a way in which he might hold that badness did in this case precede our own feeling of disapproval without belonging to the pain itself.

The pain in itself was neutral ; ;

but unfortunately the rabbit, on no grounds at all, took up toward this neutral object an attitude of disapproval and that made it for the first time, and in the only intelligible sense, bad.

This way of escape is theoretically possible, but since it has grave difficulties of its own and has not, so far as I know, been urged by positivists, it is perhaps best not to spend time over it.