Among those from whom he procured portrait commissions were Pedro Téllez-Girón, 9th Duke of Osuna and his wife María Josefa Pimentel, 12th Countess-Duchess of Benavente, María del Pilar de Silva, 13th Duchess of Alba ( universally known simply as the " Duchess of Alba "), and her husband José María Álvarez de Toledo, 15th Duke of Medina Sidonia, and María Ana de Pontejos y Sandoval, Marchioness of Pontejos.

In 1512 under Ferdinand the Catholic as King of the first political unit referred to as Spain, joint Spanish troops from both the Kingdom of Castile and the Kingdom of Aragon commanded by Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, second Duke of Alba, first invaded partially the Kingdom of Navarre.

Gil Álvarez Carrillo de Albornoz () ( 1310 – August 23, 1367 ) was a Spanish cardinal and ecclesiastical leader.

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** Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva

* 1568 – Eighty Years ' War: Battle of Jemmingen – Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alva defeats Louis of Nassau.

* December 11 – Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, Spanish general ( b. 1507 )

** Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba, Spanish military leader ( d. 1583 )

The area was explored in more detail in 1516 by Diego de Miruelo and in 1519 by Alonso Álvarez de Pineda.

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, Duke of Alba

* August 25 – Battle of Alcântara: Spanish armies, led by Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, defending the claim of King Philip II of Spain to the Portuguese throne, defeat the armies of Portuguese claimant António, Prior of Crato.

** Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, Spanish explorer and cartographer ( d. 1519 )

* August 23 – Gil Álvarez Carrillo de Albornoz, Spanish cardinal ( b. 1310 )

John of the Cross ( San Juan de la Cruz ) ( 24 June 1542 – 14 December 1591 ), born Juan de Yepes Álvarez, was a major figure of the Counter-Reformation, a Spanish mystic, Catholic saint, Carmelite friar and priest, born at Fontiveros, Old Castile.

* 1519-1685 Hernando Cortez and Alonso Álvarez de Pineda claim Texas for Spain.

* 1519-1685 Hernando Cortez and Alonso Álvarez de Pineda claim Texas for Spain.

The first European to see this land was probably Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, who sailed along the coast of Texas in the summer of 1519 and who also discovered the Aransas Bay.

They were living that nomadic existence when Spaniards, led by Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, probed the coast in 1519.

The Karankawa people were living a nomadic existence in 1519 when they first encountered Spaniards, led by Alonso Álvarez de Pineda, who were surveying the coast.

Alonso Álvarez de Pineda ( 1494 – 1520 ) was a Spanish explorer and cartographer, whose map marks the first document in Texas history.

In 1517 and 1519, Alonso Álvarez de Pineda had led several expeditions to map the western coastlines of the Gulf of Mexico, from the Yucatan Peninsula to Pánuco river, just north of Veracruz.

Garay outfitted four ships and placed them under the command of Álvarez de Pineda.

Instead, Álvarez de Pineda sailed west from the Florida Keys to hug the Gulf Coast.

On June 2, 1519, Álvarez de Pineda entered a large bay with a sizable Native American settlement on one shore.

Álvarez de Pineda continued his journey westward.

It also verified that Florida was a peninsula instead of an island, and allowed Álvarez de Pineda to be the first European to see the coastal areas of western Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, lands he called " Amichel.

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Although Alonso Álvarez de Pineda claimed Texas for Spain in 1519, the area was largely ignored by Spain until the late seventeenth century.

Castillo hired a select group of contributors: Roberto Salomón, to establish the requirements of the contemporary stage ; Simón Magaña, for the decoration ; Carlos Cañas, for the elaboration of murals ; and Margarita Álvarez de Martínez, for the masterful copper artwork that would adorn the doors to the theatre boxes.