( See Northern Irish murals.

See: Irish mythology in popular culture: The Morrígan

Both names were originally insults: a " whiggamore " was a horse drover ( See Whiggamore Raid ), and a " tory " ( Tóraidhe ) was an Irish term for an outlaw, later applied to Irish Confederates and Irish Royalists, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.

After Ussher lost his home and income through the Irish uprising of 1641, Parliament voted him a pension of £ 400 while the King awarded him the income and property of the vacant See of Carlisle.

( See also Executions during the Irish Civil War )

See Irish nobility for some surviving examples.

The subsequent Irish Civil War saw bitter fighting between the newly established Irish Free State soldiers and IRA " Irregulars ", especially in the city ( See Irish Free State offensive ).

See also F Hardy, Memoirs of Lord Charlemont ( London, 1812 ); Warden Flood, Memoirs of Henry Flood ( London, 1838 ); Francis Plowden, Historical Review of the State of Ireland ( London, 1803 ); Alfred Webb, Compendium of Irish Biography ( Dublin, 1878 ); Sir Jonah Barrington, Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation ( London, 1833 ); WJ O ' Neill Daunt, Ireland and her Agitators ; Lord Mountmorres, History of the Irish Parliament ( 2 vole., London, 1792 ); Horace Walpole, Memoirs of the Reign of George III ( 4 vols., London, 1845 and 1894 ); Lord Stanhope, Life of William Pitt ( 4 vols., London, 1861 ); Thomas Davis, Life of JP Curran ( Dublin, 1846 ) this contains a memoir of Grattan by DO Madden, and Grattan's reply to Lord Clare on the question of the Union ; Charles Phillips, Recollections of Curran and some of his Contemporaries ( London, 1822 ); JA Froude, The English in Ireland ( London, 1881 ); JG McCarthy, Henry Grattan: an Historical Study ( London, 1886 ); Lord Mahon's History of England, vol.

* As with the other dominions, the British monarch would be the head of state of the Irish Free State ( Saorstát Éireann ) and would be represented by a Governor General ( See Representative of the Crown ).

See also Irish Rebellion of 1798

* Burkes Peerage: See Irish and Scottish Chiefs ; Peerages ; and Titles

See the Lives in the Dictionary of National Biography and in Biographia Britannica ( Kippis ), with authorities there collected ; Essex's Irish correspondence is in the Stow Collection in the British Library, Nos.

Additionally, Irish fire fighters were sent to Northern Ireland to help fight the fires caused by the German bombing of Belfast in 1941 ( See Belfast Blitz ).

( See also: Holy War ( Boston College vs. Notre Dame )) An additional nine years later, BC again thwarted a potential Notre Dame perfect season, defeating the # 2 Fighting Irish in South Bend, 14 – 7.

The response added that " Those Reports contain no evidence to suggest that the Holy See meddled in the internal affairs of the Irish State or, for that matter, was involved in the day-to-day management of Irish dioceses or religious congregations with respect to sexual abuse issues ".

See Irish railway history.

( See the definition of Free will in Wikipedia, for instance ).

See further discussion in Free will in Jewish thought.

On September 3, 1970 Norman began writing a regular column called " As I See It " in the Hollywood Free Paper, an evangelistic newspaper founded by Duane Pederson, one of the leaders of the Jesus People in Hollywood and Los Angeles.

: See also: Tzimtzum ; Negative theology ; Jewish principles of faith ; Free will In Jewish thought ; Kuzari

( See: The Congo Free State Propaganda War )

See Free will In Jewish thought.

See the European Commission's website for further information: Free movement of services / Financial Services / Banking / Regulatory Capital

* See Detroit Free Press page: Coleman Young chronology

: See also: Anti-nuclear movement in the United States, Nuclear Free Vermont, Safe Energy Vermont, New England Coalition on Nuclear Pollution.

( See Free Church of Scotland ( post 1900 ))

( See Free Church of Scotland ( post 1900 ) for the history of the smaller body.

See Larry D. Eldridge, A Distant Heritage: The Growth of Free Speech in Early America ( NYU Press, 1994 ).

See also Free software movement and Free culture movement

See, for example Luggage Forward and Luggage Free.

* African Activist Archive See a 1970s ANC campaign button " Free South African Political Prisoners-Free Ahmed Kathrada-ANC "

< i > See Alberto Korda's copyrights claims for the photograph as conditional </ i > Conditional ( Free ) use, < i > thereby restricting subsequent commercial claims, or claims not challenging the free use condition :</ i >

" See Emily Play " is also known as " Games for May ", and sometimes " Free Games for May ", after a free concert in which Barrett's Pink Floyd performed.

It was very important in asserting the identity and presence of the Irish Free State internationally in view of the fact that Irish diplomatic representation abroad was then confined to the legation in Washington, the office of the high commissioner in London, the permanent delegate to the League of Nations, and the Embassy to the Holy See ".

: See also the Campaign for Free Education ( Ireland ).

Often incorrectly referred to as " the Vatican ", the Holy See is not the same entity as the Vatican City State, which came into existence only in 1929 ; the Holy See, the episcopal see of Rome, dates back to early Christian times.

Ambassadors are officially accredited not to the Vatican City State but to " the Holy See ", and papal representatives to states and international organizations are recognized as representing the Holy See, not the Vatican City State.

The British Ambassador to the Holy See uses more precise language, saying that the Holy See " is not the same as the Vatican City State.

" This agrees exactly with the expression used by the website of the United States Department of State, in giving information on both the Holy See and the Vatican City State: it too says that the Holy See " operates from the Vatican City State ".

Although the Holy See, as distinct from the Vatican City State, does not fulfil the long-established criteria in international law of statehood — having a permanent population, a defined territory, a stable government and the capacity to enter into relations with other states — its possession of full legal personality in international law is shown by the fact that it maintains diplomatic relations with 179 states, that it is a member-state in various intergovernmental international organizations, and that it is: " respected by the international community of sovereign States and treated as a subject of international law having the capacity to engage in diplomatic relations and to enter into binding agreements with one, several, or many states under international law that are largely geared to establish and preserving peace in the world.

( See also Michigan-Ohio State rivalry ).

In 1929, the Lateran Treaty between Italy and the Holy See established the Vatican City State, guaranteeing papal independence from secular rule.

( See State of Matter # Glass )

" His various positions on Church and policy issues during his tenure as Cardinal Secretary of State were made public by the Holy See in 1939.

( See list of presidential appointees to the Council of State.

One outcome of the Innocenzo affair, however, was the upgrading of the position of Papal Secretary of State, as the incumbent had to take over the duties Innocenzo was unfit to perform: the Secretary of State eventually replaced the cardinal-nephew as the most important official of the Holy See.

The offices of the Vatican City State are not part of the Roman Curia, which is composed only of offices of the Holy See.

It is headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State, currently Tarcisio Bertone, and performs all the political and diplomatic functions of Vatican City and the Holy See.

The Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy ( Pontificia Ecclesiastica Academia ) is dedicated to training priests to serve in the diplomatic corps and the Secretariat of State of the Holy See.