Often incorrectly referred to as " the Vatican ", the Holy See is not the same entity as the Vatican City State, which came into existence only in 1929 ; the Holy See, the episcopal see of Rome, dates back to early Christian times.

Ambassadors are officially accredited not to the Vatican City State but to " the Holy See ", and papal representatives to states and international organizations are recognized as representing the Holy See, not the Vatican City State.

The British Ambassador to the Holy See uses more precise language, saying that the Holy See " is not the same as the Vatican City State.

" This agrees exactly with the expression used by the website of the United States Department of State, in giving information on both the Holy See and the Vatican City State: it too says that the Holy See " operates from the Vatican City State ".

Although the Holy See, as distinct from the Vatican City State, does not fulfil the long-established criteria in international law of statehood — having a permanent population, a defined territory, a stable government and the capacity to enter into relations with other states — its possession of full legal personality in international law is shown by the fact that it maintains diplomatic relations with 179 states, that it is a member-state in various intergovernmental international organizations, and that it is: " respected by the international community of sovereign States and treated as a subject of international law having the capacity to engage in diplomatic relations and to enter into binding agreements with one, several, or many states under international law that are largely geared to establish and preserving peace in the world.

( See also Michigan-Ohio State rivalry ).

In 1929, the Lateran Treaty between Italy and the Holy See established the Vatican City State, guaranteeing papal independence from secular rule.

( See State of Matter # Glass )

" His various positions on Church and policy issues during his tenure as Cardinal Secretary of State were made public by the Holy See in 1939.

( See list of presidential appointees to the Council of State.

One outcome of the Innocenzo affair, however, was the upgrading of the position of Papal Secretary of State, as the incumbent had to take over the duties Innocenzo was unfit to perform: the Secretary of State eventually replaced the cardinal-nephew as the most important official of the Holy See.

The offices of the Vatican City State are not part of the Roman Curia, which is composed only of offices of the Holy See.

It is headed by the Cardinal Secretary of State, currently Tarcisio Bertone, and performs all the political and diplomatic functions of Vatican City and the Holy See.

The Pontifical Ecclesiastical Academy ( Pontificia Ecclesiastica Academia ) is dedicated to training priests to serve in the diplomatic corps and the Secretariat of State of the Holy See.

See, for instance, the rabbinic category of Damages ( Jewish law ) ( note though that while a few aspects of this law are incorporated into Israeli law, tort law in Israel is technically similar to English tort law-as enacted by British Mandate of Palestine authorities in 1944 and taking effect in 1947, a year before Israel became a state ).

The invasion was triggered by the March 11, 1978, massacre of 37 Israeli civilians riding in a bus in the Tel Aviv area by members of Palestine Liberation Organization ( PLO ) infiltrating from Lebanon -- See Coastal Road massacre.

Shortly thereafter, the secretary of the Jewish Agency for Palestine met with Archbishop Angelo Roncalli ( later Pope John XXIII ) “ to thank the Holy See for the happy outcome of the steps taken on behalf of the Israelites in Slovakia.

( See 1947 – 1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine.

See related articles History of Palestine and British Mandate of Palestine.

See also the Atlas of Palestine at the wikimedia commons.

Illustration by Gilbert Wilkinson of Miss Marple from the December 1927 issue of The Royal Magazine and the first-known image of the character ( See The Thirteen Problems # First publication of stories | The Thirteen Problems )

See Ocean fisheries # Southern Ocean.

: See: League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award # National League winners

: See: League Championship Series Most Valuable Player Award # American League winners

# See chapter VI, " Frolics for Fun: Dances, Weddings and Dinner Parties, pages 109-124.

# See chapter entitled " Country Dancing ," Pages 57 – 120.

* See Calculation # Comparison to computation

: See also: Major League Baseball # MLB uniforms ( including image of baseball-cap logos of the 30 MLB franchises )

# See # 3

: See also Database management system # History

# First Council of Nicaea ( 325 ) repudiated Arianism, declared that Christ is " homoousios with the Father " ( of the same substance as the Father ), and adopted the original Nicene Creed, fixed Easter date ; recognized primacy of the sees of Rome, Alexandria and Antioch and granted the See of Jerusalem a position of honor.

See: Euro # Euro_exchange_rate

See Hamlet on screen # Adaptations and Hamlet on screen # Theatrical performances within films for further details.

: See: Houston Astros award winners and league leaders # Darryl Kile Award

See IPv6 Packet # Fragmentation.

See Chemical weapon proliferation # Libya.

See Geography of Chile # Antipodes and Geography of Argentina # Antipodes for details.

See # External links | external links for full video

See also: North Korea # Climate

See also Loony Left # Baa Baa White Sheep.

See Geography of Chile # Antipodes, Geography of Argentina # Antipodes, and Geography of Paraguay # Antipodes for details.