As canons they are collectively referred to as jing ( 經 ).

Once there, they refused to recognise Gregory's position as head of the church of Constantinople, arguing that his transfer from the See of Sasima was canonically illegitimate because one of the canons of the Council of Nicaea had forbidden bishops to transfer from their sees.

The madrigal form also gave rise to canons, especially in Italy where they were composed under the title Caccia.

The last council during the 13th century was the council of 1282, during which they published 10 canons.

A final allusion to the rules established and followed by the physician throughout his life can be made: general canons which are still followed in hospitals today, they embody a final representation of the man that was, William Harvey.

Representatives of the canons followed Richard I to France, but before they could interview him he died ; his successor, King John, received them kindly, and granted them permission to hold an election.

As with the canons, differences in the observance of rule gave rise to two types: the canoness regular, who lives in a religious house, taking the traditional religious vows, and the secular canoness, which was primarily a way of leading a pious life by daughters of aristocratic families who did not wish to take religious vows, and thus remained free to own property and leave to marry, should they choose.

At some period ( perhaps 1381, perhaps earlier ) he paid a visit of some days ' duration to the famous mystic John Ruysbroeck, prior of the Augustinian canons at Groenendaal near Brussels ; at this visit was formed Groote's attraction for the rule and life of the Augustinian canons which was destined to bear such notable fruit, At the close of his life he was asked by some of the clerics who attached themselves to him to form them into a religious order and Groote resolved that they should be canons regular of St Augustine.

As the canons became independent of the diocesan structures, they came to form their own monastic communities.

They include the canons of the Hospice at the Great St. Bernard Pass in the Alps on the border of Switzerland, where they have served travelers since the mid-11th century.

Since the canons of criticism are highly susceptible to interpretation, and at times even contradict each other, they may be employed to justify a result that fits the textual critic's aesthetic or theological agenda.

It also enacted canons declaring that clergy who refused to give up their wives or concubines would be deprived of their benefices, and that any such women who did not leave the parish where they had been could be expelled and even forced into slavery.

Philosophers of mathematics sometimes assert that mathematicians choose axioms " arbitrarily ", but the truth is that although they may appear arbitrary when viewed only from the point of view of the canons of deductive logic, that is merely a limitation on the purposes that deductive logic serves.

At St. Andrews they lived on side by side with the regular canons and still clung to their ancient privilege of electing the archbishop.

Similar absorptions no doubt account for the disappearance of the Culdees of York, the only English establishment that uses the name, borne by the canons of St Peter ’ s about 925 where they performed in the tenth century the double duty of officiating in the cathedral church and of relieving the sick and poor.

Some Orthodox canon scholars point out that, had the Ecumenical Councils ( which deliberated in Greek ) meant for the canons to be used as laws, they would have called them nómoi / νόμοι ( laws ) rather than kanónes / κανόνες ( rules ), but almost all Orthodox conform to them.

The Musical Offering ( German title Musikalisches Opfer or Das Musikalische Opfer ), BWV 1079, is a collection of canons and fugues and other pieces of music by Johann Sebastian Bach, all based on a single musical theme given to him by Frederick the Great ( Frederick II of Prussia ), to whom they are dedicated.

One night while kneeling in prayer before the altar of Our Lady in the metropolitan church, where he used to recite the office with his brother canons, they attacked him, and hired assassins inflicted several wounds from which he died two days after.

When the First Council of Constantinople met in 381, Maximus's claim to the see of Constantinople was unanimously rejected, the last of its original four canons decreeing " that he neither was nor is a bishop, nor are they who have been ordained by him in any rank of the clergy ".

Emperor Justinian I ( died 565 ) ordered that the children of priests, deacons and subdeacons who, " in disregard of the sacred canons, have children by women with whom, according to sacerdotal regulation, they may not cohabit " be considered illegitimate on the same level as those " procreated in incest and in nefarious nuptials ".

“ Despite six hundred years of decrees, canons, and increasingly harsh penalties, the Latin clergy still did, more or less illegally, what their Greek counterparts were encouraged to do by law — they lived with their wives and raised families.

In 1132-34, two Augustinian canons of Ratisbon, Paul, said by Bäumer to be Paul of Bernried, and Gebehard, held a correspondence ( printed by Mabillon in his " Musæum Italicum " from the originals in the Cathedral Library at Milan ) with Anselm, Archbishop of Milan, and Martin, treasurer of St. Ambrose, with a view of obtaining copies of the books of the Ambrosian Rite, so that they might introduce it into their church.

... the emperor ... convened a council of 318 bishops ... in the city of Nicea ... They passed certain ecclesiastical canons at the council besides, and at the same time decreed in regard to the Passover that there must be one unanimous concord on the celebration of God's holy and supremely excellent day.

We decree in accordance with the definitions of the sacred canons, that marriages already contracted by such persons must be dissolved, and that the persons be condemned to do penance.

This material must be well known and understood by canon lawyers or canonists today to interpret and analyze the canons and other forms of ecclesiastical law properly.

Those who must be invited to a diocesan synod by law are any coadjutor or auxiliary bishops, the vicars general and episcopal, the officialis, the vicars forane plus an additional priest from each vicariate forane, the presbyterial council, canons of the cathedral chapter ( if there is one ), the rector of the seminary, some of the superiors of religious houses in the diocese, and members of the laity chosen by the diocesan pastoral council, though the diocesan bishop can invite others to attend at his own initiative.

The title reflects its former status as a Collegiate Church, and derives from the requirement that all of the canons of the Cathedral must possess the academic distinction of Doctor of Theology in order to serve there.

The chapter comprises the dean, precentor ( who must be skilled in music ), chancellor, treasurer, Archdeacons of Dublin and Glendalough and 12 canons, eight being clergy of the Diocese of Dublin and four clergy of the Diocese of Glendalough ( the three most senior in order of appointment are known as the Prebendary of St Michael's, Prebendary of St Michan's and the Prebendary of St John's ).

We decree in accordance with the definitions of the sacred canons, that marriages already contracted by such persons must be dissolved, and that the persons be condemned to do penance.

# The exercise of this Apostolic authority ( puissance ) must be regulated in accordance with canons ( rules ) established by the Holy Spirit through the centuries of Church history.

With him there appears the idea that the pope must limit his activity to ecclesiastical matters, and not intrude in those pertaining to the State, which concern kings only ; that his supremacy is bound to respect the prescriptions of the ancient canons and the privileges of the Churches ; and that his decretals must not be placed upon the same footing as the canons of the councils.

By the early constitutions of the Church of England a bishop was allowed a space of two months to inquire and inform himself of the sufficiency of every presentee, but by the ninety-fifth of the canons of 1604 that interval was reduced to twenty-eight days, within which the bishop must admit or reject the clerk.

Because the bull, canons, and book all refer to each other, they must have been written at roughly the same time, printed at the same time ( March 1 ), and distributed to the several countries together.

The canons require that if a man is to marry, he must do so before ordination to the subdiaconate, and that anybody who marries after subdiaconal ordination is to be deposed.

Such an Opinion carries legal weight, so far as it goes, but it must itself be susceptible to the normal canons of interpretation in the event of a particular disputed question brought before the Court.

Measures or canons must be passed by a majority of the members of each house of the synod.

The meter and melody of an irmos is followed by the remaining troparia of the ode ; when more than one canon is used ( as is typical at matins ), only the first canon's irmos is sung, but the irmoi of the subsequent canons must be known in order to determine an ode's melody and so, even in canons where it is known that the irmos is never sung, the irmos is nonetheless specified.

They must not engage in trade forbidden by the canons.

it was also sacred, `` and no believer in an inspired church could tolerate having her canons examined as we should examine human laws ''.

He also built refectories for the canons at York and Southwell.

The disputed books, included in one canon but not in others, are often called the Biblical apocrypha, a term that is sometimes used specifically ( and possibly pejoratively in English ) to describe the books in the Catholic and Orthodox canons that are absent from the Jewish Masoretic Text ( also called the Tanakh or Miqra ) and most modern Protestant Bibles.

The council also issued 27 disciplinary canons governing church administration and authority.

Most councils dealt not only with doctrinal but also with disciplinary matters, which were decided in canons (" laws ").

The twenty-two canons drawn up in Constantinople also served ecclesiastical reform.

One of the canons is also Rector of St Margaret's Church, Westminster, and often holds also the post of Chaplain to the Speaker of the House of Commons.

The council also passed five canons condemning Nestorius and Caelestius and their followers as heretics and a sixth one decreeing deposition from clerical office or excommunication for those who did not accept the Council's decrees.

There is also a fine collection of brassware, and especially canons for which the country is traditionally renowned.

As Ralph Kirkpatrick has pointed out, the variations that intervene between the canons are also arranged in a pattern.

The new cathedral was also paid for by donations, principally by all the canons and vicars of South East England, who were asked to contribute a fixed annual sum until its completion.

Kaller further appointed an ethnic Pole as new cathedral provost, since his predecessor Provost Franz Xaver Sander ( also official ), and five more fellow cathedral canons had been killed by the invading Soviets.

Kaller could not appoint the four new canons for the chapter any more but was expelled the next day, transferred by lorry to Warsaw, accompanied by Borowiec, who also joined him on the train to Poznań on 18 August.

There are also a number of lay canons who altogether form the greater chapter which has the legal responsibility both for the cathedral itself and also for the formal election of an archbishop when there is a vacancy-in-see.

From about 500 he lived in Rome, where, as a learned member of the Roman Curia, he translated from Greek into Latin 401 ecclesiastical canons, including the apostolical canons and the decrees of the councils of Nicaea, Constantinople, Chalcedon and Sardis, and also a collection of the decretals of the popes from Siricius to Anastasius II.

( 2 ) Various congregations of clerics, known as canons regular, who also follow the Rule of St. Augustine, and embrace the evangelical counsels and lead a semi-monastic life, while remaining committed to pastoral care, appropriate to their primary vocation as priests.

Regino also drew up, at the request of his friend and patron Radbod, Archbishop of Trier ( d. 915 ), a collection of canons, Libri duo de synodalibus causis et disciplinis ecclesiasticis, dedicated to Hatto I, Archbishop of Mainz.

On September 1, 1796, the revolutionary council disbanded the local administration by the canons, thereby also dealing a heavy blow to the local economy.

* Nivelles is also known for its 49-bell carillon and its four named canons.

Non-resident canons led also to the institution of vicars choral, each canon having his own vicar, who sat in his stall in his absence ( see Cathedral ).