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) In this problem, each variable v < sub > ij </ sub > corresponds to an hour that teacher i must spend with cohort j, the assignment to the variable specifies whether that hour is the first or the second of the teacher's available hours, and there is a 2-SAT clause preventing any conflict of either of two types: two cohorts assigned to a teacher at the same time as each other, or one cohort assigned to two teachers at the same time.
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problem and each
Rather, such assignments are made, as they must be, on the basis of certain overall rules and standards, representing to some extent a statistical approach to the problem, taking into account for each situation some of the variables ( e.g., power and station separations ) and averaging out others in order to achieve the balance which must be struck between protection against destructive interference and the assignment of a number of stations large enough to afford optimum radio service to the Nation.
It places the various factors involved in the problem in their correct order in relation to each other so that the influence of factors on each other can be computed.
`` A serious problem accompanying the technical-ladder approach is the difficulty of clearly defining responsibilities and standards of performance for each level.
This method in general solved the problem of obtaining fairly equal concentrations of reactants in each of the six cells from a set.
As the afternoon sped toward evening, the suite saw a steady procession of Paxton aides pass in and out, each with his own special problem.
The problem grows in intensity each year as man's knowledge, and his capacity to translate such knowledge to the written word, continue to expand.
This problem is illustrated by the fact that many local churches drop from the active membership rolls each year as many as they receive into the fellowship.
Bioinformatics is very much involved in making sense of protein microarray and HT MS data ; the former approach faces similar problems as with microarrays targeted at mRNA, the latter involves the problem of matching large amounts of mass data against predicted masses from protein sequence databases, and the complicated statistical analysis of samples where multiple, but incomplete peptides from each protein are detected.
A pressing problem was finding space for additions to the library which now required an extra 1 miles of shelving each year.
Determining the satisfiability of a formula in conjunctive normal form where each clause is limited to at most three literals is NP-complete ; this problem is called " 3SAT ", " 3CNFSAT ", or " 3-satisfiability ".
Determining the satisfiability of a formula in which each clause is limited to at most two literals is NL-complete ; this problem is called " 2SAT ".
Determining the satisfiability of a formula in which each clause is a Horn clause ( i. e. it contains at most one positive literal ) is P-complete ; this problem is called Horn-satisfiability.
To solve this instance of the decision problem we must determine whether there is a truth value ( TRUE or FALSE ) we can assign to each of the variables ( x < sub > 1 </ sub > through x < sub > 4 </ sub >) such that the entire expression is TRUE.
One problem with this encode-transmit-receive-decode model is that the processes of encoding and decoding imply that the sender and receiver each possess something that functions as a codebook, and that these two code books are, at the very least, similar if not identical.
The two approaches are now regarded as complementary, each providing its own insights into the problem of chemical bonding.
: Alan Turing ( writing 30 years before Searle presented his argument ) noted that people never consider the problem of other minds when dealing with each other.
An analogy to the problem of multiple access is a room ( channel ) in which people wish to talk to each other simultaneously.
For each problem, the first person to solve it will be awarded $ 1, 000, 000 by the CMI.
For each problem, the Institute had a professional mathematician write up an official statement of the problem, which will be the main standard by which a given solution will be measured against.
The group approached this problem through dialogue, soliciting information from each member communion on the particularities of their theology and ecclesiology in order to come to a mutually acceptable conclusion.
In distributed computing, a problem is divided into many tasks, each of which is solved by one or more computers.
The problem of finding the Delaunay triangulation of a set of points in d-dimensional Euclidean space can be converted to the problem of finding the convex hull of a set of points in ( d + 1 )- dimensional space, by giving each point p an extra coordinate equal to | p |< sup > 2 </ sup >, taking the bottom side of the convex hull, and mapping back to d-dimensional space by deleting the last coordinate.
problem and variable
The problem of how many variable assignments satisfy a formula, not a decision problem, is in # P. UNIQUE-SAT or USAT or Unambiguous SAT is the problem of determining whether a formula known to have either zero or one satisfying assignments has zero or has one.
If I told you my son's age, then there would no longer be two unknowns ( variables ), and the problem becomes a linear equation with just one variable, that can be solved as described above.
However, this is not a serious problem ; we have formulated a very simplistic hidden variable theory, and a more sophisticated theory might be able to patch it up.
Instrumental variable techniques are commonly used to address this problem.
In fact, for many fields K one does not know in general precisely which finite groups occur as Galois groups over K. This is the inverse Galois problem for a field K. ( For some fields K the inverse Galois problem is settled, such as the field of rational functions in one variable over the complex numbers.
Another early problem of buildup of cracks in the stator surface was eliminated by installing the spark plugs in a separate metal piece instead of screwing it directly into the block .. A later alternative solution to spark plug boss cooling was provided by variable coolant velocity scheme for water-cooled rotaries which has had widespread use and was patented by Curtiss-Wright, with the last-listed for better air-cooled engine spark plug boss cooling.
This suggests a possible " third variable " problem, however, when three such closely related measures are found, it further suggests that each may have bidirectional tendencies ( see " bidirectional variable ," above ), being a cluster of correlated values each influencing one another to some extent.
If this is compiled and distributed as part of a toolbox, a C # programmer, wishing to define a variable of type “” would encounter a problem: is a reserved word in C #.
The emergence of the continuously variable transmission may also alleviate the responsiveness problem.
When the problem has substantial uncertainties in the independent variable ( the ' x ' variable ), then simple regression and least squares methods have problems ; in such cases, the methodology required for fitting errors-in-variables models may be considered instead of that for least squares.
To address this problem, Zgrass allowed one to use lowercase letters for variables, in which case the variable was local only to that macro.
The Cardan joint suffers from one major problem: even when the input drive shaft axle rotates at a constant speed, the output drive shaft axle rotates at a variable speed, thus causing vibration and wear.
In other words, a nonlinear system is any problem where the variable ( s ) to be solved for cannot be written as a linear combination of independent components.
So, the moment you add to any proposition or variable semantic content, the problem arises again, because the propositions and variables with semantic content run outside the system.
First, we compute the partial derivative of the unconstrained problem with respect to each variable:
To solve this problem in a multiprocessor system a locking variable can be used to control access to the semaphore.
Indeed, an a priori algorithm must deal with the time variable, which is absent from the a posteriori problem.
* Lagrange multiplier, a scalar variable used in mathematics to solve an optimisation problem for a given constraint.
We can make progress by considering the problem in the variable.
In physics, Wick rotation, named after Gian-Carlo Wick, is a method of finding a solution to a mathematical problem in Minkowski space from a solution to a related problem in Euclidean space by means of a transformation that substitutes an imaginary-number variable for a real-number variable.
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