** Early German-American or Pennsylvania Dutch and Pennsylvania Dutch cuisine

** The Dutch still use the word " cijfer " to refer to a numerical digit.

** Canon of Dutch Literature, list of the most important Dutch literary works

** Many languages, such as Bulgarian, Swedish, Norwegian, Frisian, Italian, Spanish, Russian, Polish, Ukrainian, Dutch and most Occitan variants, use trilled rhotics.

** Table of contents, bibliography of On the Origin of Species – links to text and images of all six British editions of The Origin of Species, the 6th edition with additions and corrections ( final text ), the first American edition, and translations into Danish, Dutch, French, German, Polish, Russian and Spanish.

** 25 cent WWII ( Dutch coin )

** The Dutch Whippet Club

** Tommie van der Leegte, Dutch soccer player

** Harry Bannink, Dutch composer and musician ( b. 1929 )

** Oliver Tielemans, Dutch race-car driver

** Sophie of Württemberg, Dutch queen ( d. 1877 )

** Nel Benschop, Dutch poet ( d. 2005 )

** Louis van Gaal, Dutch football player and manager

** Indonesia seizes Yogyakarta from the Dutch.

** Johan Derksen, Dutch footballer and sports journalist

** Willem Johan Kolff, Dutch inventor ( d. 2009 )

** Renée Soutendijk, Dutch actress

** Dries van Agt, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1977 until 1982

** Hans van Mierlo, Dutch politician, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Deputy Prime Minister ( d. 2010 )

** DJ Tiesto, Dutch trance DJ

** Pierre van Hooijdonk, Dutch footballer

** Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician and author ( d. 2002 )

** monarchy

** Following the execution of King Charles I, the Commonwealth of England, a republican form of government, replaces the monarchy as the form of government of England and later of Scotland and Ireland.

** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or against monarchy ; the opposite of monarchism

** Austrian monarchy

** Additionally, the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan is itself an elective monarchy, where the Yang di-Pertuan Besar of Negeri Sembilan is selected by a council of ruling chiefs.

** Kingdom of Israel ( united monarchy ) ( 1020 BCE-931 BCE ), the kingdom established by the Israelites and uniting them under a single king

** First Plebeian ( commoner ) senators appointed ( conscripti ) to fill vacancies created by the overthrow of the monarchy

** The Constitution of 1791, adopted 3 September 1791, established the Kingdom of the French, a constitutional monarchy, and the Legislative Assembly

** Britain was the greatest threat, especially its monarchy, aristocracy, corruption, and business methods ; the Jay Treaty of 1794 was much too favorable to Britain and thus threatened American values.

** Kingdom of Greece, a monarchy during the periods of 1832 – 1924, 1935 – 1941 and 1944 – 1974

** Historically, it was associated with support for absolute monarchy, starting with the supporters of the Bourbon dynasty of France, because it was the dynasty's colour.

** Because of its use by anti-communist forces in Russia, the colour white came to be associated in the 20th century with many different anti-communist and counter-revolutionary groups, even those that did not support absolute monarchy ( for example, the Finnish " Whites " who fought against the socialist " Reds " in the civil war following the independence of Finland ).

** German States ' adopted designation after the abolition of monarchy in the aftermath of World War I:

** Bourbon Restoration, the restoration of the French monarchy under Louis XVIII.

** 29 May 1660, Charles II arrives in London and the English monarchy is restored

** The Declaration of Independence: abolished the monarchy

** Constitutional Act of the Kingdom of Denmark ( 1849 ), which provided the modern constitution for Denmark, ending the previous absolute monarchy

* 1848 – A greatly revised Dutch constitution, drafted by Johan Rudolf Thorbecke, severely limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy, and strengthening the powers of parliament and ministers, is proclaimed.

Certainly there was no official representation of the Dutch monarchy or any other organ of government.

* The first head of state of Belgium after it seceded from the Dutch monarchy in 1831 was a regent ( but not a prince in his own right ), baron Erasme Louis Surlet de Chokier, before the new nation, which had chosen to become a parliamentary monarchy, had its first king sworn in to the constitution.

The death of Maarten Tromp was not only a severe blow to the Dutch navy, but also to the Orangists who sought the defeat of the Commonwealth of England and restoration of the Stuart monarchy ; Republican influence strengthened after Scheveningen, which led to peace negotiations with the Commonwealth, culminating in the Treaty of Westminster.

With memories of the Dutch struggle for independence from Roman Catholic Spain and fascist German oppression still fresh in the minds of the Dutch people, the events leading to the marriage were played out in all the newspapers and a storm of hostility erupted against the monarchy for allowing it to happen — a matter so serious, the queen's abdication became a real possibility.

The ARP favoured monarchy, and saw the House of Orange as historically and religiously linked to the Dutch people.

After being transferred to Penn, Delaware's Swedish, Dutch, and English residents used to the relaxed culture of the Restoration monarchy grew uncomfortable with the more conservative Quaker influence, so Delaware petitioned for a separate legislature, which was finally granted in 1702.

She did however request that it would be returned to her family if the Dutch were to abolish the monarchy.

Cooper served as a member of the Convention Parliament of 1660, which determined to restore the English monarchy, and Cooper was one of twelve members of parliament who travelled to the Dutch Republic to invite King Charles II to return to England.

As Lord Chancellor, he addressed the opening of a new session of the Cavalier Parliament on 4 February 1673, calling on parliament to vote funds sufficient to carry out the war, arguing that the Dutch were the enemy of monarchy and England's only major trade rival, and therefore had to be destroyed ( at one point he exclaimed " Delenda est Carthago "); defending the Great Stop of the Exchequer ; and arguing in support of the Royal Declaration of Indulgence.

However, it was known that two members of former Dutch resistance groups had sent a letter to Queen Juliana ’ s mother, Wilhelmina, suggesting a violent solution for the crisis within the monarchy caused by the Hofmans ’ closeness to Queen Juliana.

However, since the abolition of the Greek monarchy, the royal titles are recognized by the Dutch Monarchy and the Danish Royal Family.

With the fall of the monarchy, he tried to flee to the United States through the Dutch Republic.

* The party took a strong position in favour of law and order and it favoured the Dutch monarchy

Van Gogh was a member of the Dutch republican society Republikeins Genootschap, which advocates the abolition of the Dutch monarchy.

Category: Dutch monarchy

The RPF was a staunch defender of the Dutch monarchy and a strong government.

For the first time since the declaration of independence from Spain in 1581, the Dutch were reunited with the Southern Netherlands in a constitutional monarchy, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands.

Linked to Spain by a dual monarchy, Portugal saw its large empire being attacked by the English, the French and the Dutch, all enemies of Spain.

In various affairs the royals faced, Beel's taciturn way of acting on behalf of the monarchy and his prudent pulling the strings behind the scene as Vice President of the Dutch Council of State gave him the nickname ' The Sphinx '.