** Central Austro-Bavarian ( along the main rivers Isar and Danube, spoken in the northern parts of the State of Salzburg, Upper Austria, Lower Austria, and the Northern Burgenland )

** the Regency of Anne of Austria and her minister Cardinal Mazarin, 1643 – 1651

** Rulers of Austria

** Emperors of Austria

** Ministers-President of Austria

** Federal Presidents of Austria

** Chancellors of Austria ( Vice Chancellors of Austria )

** Margraves, dukes, and archdukes of Austria

** Leopold III, a public holiday in Lower Austria and Vienna.

** Emperor Charles I of Austria gives up his absolute power but does not abdicate.

** Hungary declares independence from Austria.

** Kurt Waldheim, President of Austria and Secretary-General of the United Nations ( d. 2007 )

** Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria ( d. 1990 )

** The Red Army pushes most of the Axis forces out of Hungary and into Austria.

** An armistice is declared between Austria and others.

** The Order of the Garter is conferred on Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.

** Austria, Finland & Sweden act to join the European Union.

** Werner Faymann, Chancellor of Austria

** Austria and Israel form diplomatic relations.

** Wilhelm Miklas, Austrian politician and 3rd President of Austria

** Adolf Hitler makes his first public political speech, in Austria.

** The Kingdom of Poland is proclaimed by a joint act of the emperors of Germany and Austria.

Names for the " dark " or threatening companion figure include: Knecht Ruprecht in Germany, Krampus in Austria, Bavaria, Croatia, Slovenia, Friuli, Hungary ( spelled Krampusz );

Krampus is a terrifying figure found in parts of Austria, Slovenia, and Croatia, most probably originating in the Pre-Christian Alpine traditions.

Over 1200 " Krampus " gather in Schladming, Styria from all over Austria wearing goat-hair costumes and carved masks, carrying bundles of sticks used as switches and swinging cowbells to warn of their approach.

Traditionally young men dress up as the Krampus in Austria, southern Bavaria, South Tyrol, Hungary, Slovenia and Croatia during the first week of December, particularly on the evening of 5 December, and roam the streets frightening children with rusty chains and bells.

Krampus at Morzger Pass in Salzburg, Austria

There has been public debate in Austria in modern times about whether Krampus is appropriate for children.

Outside Austria, Krampus and related creatures go by Pelzebock or Pelznickel in southern Germany, and Gumphinckel in Silesia.

He is followed by Le Père Fouettard, who exists also in different parts of Germany ( Knecht Ruprecht or Belsnickel ), Austria ( Krampus ), Holland and Belgium ( Zwarte Piet ( NL )- Le Père Fouettard ( FR )).