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** Mesolithic or Epipaleolithic period of archaeology
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Mesolithic and Epipaleolithic
" Epipaleolithic " is a term used for the " final Upper Palaeolithic industries occurring at the end of the final glaciation which appear to merge technologically into the Mesolithic ".
Yet, when a distinction is made, Epipaleolithic is used for those cultures that were not much affected by the ending of the Ice Age ( like the Natufian and Khiamian cultures of Western Asia ) and the term Mesolithic is reserved for Western Europe where the extinction of the Megafauna had a great impact on the Paleolithic populations at the end of the Ice Age ( like European post-glacial cultures: Azilian, Sauveterrian, Tardenoisian, Maglemosian, etc.
The beginning of the Holocene corresponds with the beginning of the Mesolithic age in most of Europe ; but in regions such as the Middle East and Anatolia with a very early neolithisation, Epipaleolithic is preferred in place of Mesolithic.
The term " Mesolithic " is in competition with another term, " Epipaleolithic ", which means the " final Upper Palaeolithic industries occurring at the end of the final glaciation which appear to merge technologically into the Mesolithic ".
* Some authors use the term " Epipaleolithic " for those cultures that are late developments of hunter-gatherer traditions but not in transition toward agriculture, reserving the term " Mesolithic " for those cultures, like the Natufian culture, that are transitional between hunter-gatherer and agricultural practices.
Laminar microliths are associated with the end of the Upper Paleolithic and the beginning of the Epipaleolithic era ; geometric microliths are characteristic of the Mesolithic and the Neolithic.
During the Epipaleolithic and the Mesolithic, the presence of laminar or geometric microliths serves to date the deposits of different cultural traditions.
Allan Bomhard and Colin Renfrew are in broad agreement with the earlier conclusions of Illich-Svitych and Dolgopolsky in seeking the Nostratic Urheimat ( original homeland ) within the Mesolithic ( or Epipaleolithic ) in the Fertile Crescent, the stage which directly preceded the Neolithic and was transitional to it.
The 10th millennium BC marks the beginning of the Mesolithic and Epipaleolithic period, which is the first part of the Holocene epoch.
An Epipaleolithic ( latest Paleolithic ) period, also known as Mesolithic ( transition to Neolithic ) follows and is, in turn succeeded by a Neolithic ( New Stone Age ).
He dated this industry to the Epipaleolithic or Pre-Pottery Neolithic as it is evidently not Paleolithic, Mesolithic or even Pottery Neolithic.
Ahrenburg culture belongs to a Late Paleolithic and early Mesolithic ( or Epipaleolithic ) cultural complex that started with the glacial recession and the subsequent disintegration of Late Palaeolithic cultures between 15, 000 and 10, 000 calBC.
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