There are several places that claim to be the geographic center of Asia, for example Kyzyl, the capital of Tuva in the Russian Federation, and a village north of Ürümqi, the capital of the Xinjiang region of China.

* 2009 – A series of violent riots break out in Ürümqi, the capital city of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region in China.

In China the Tian Shan starts north of Kumul City ( Hami ) with the U-shaped Barkol Mountains, from about east of Ürümqi.

* Ürümqi, China

There are indications that from Alexandria Eschate the Greco-Bactrians may have led expeditions as far as Kashgar and Ürümqi in Chinese Turkestan, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West around 220 BCE.

Earlier calculations suggested that it is from the nearest coastline, located approximately north of the city of Ürümqi, in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of China, in the Dzoosotoyn Elisen Desert.

* November 13 – After its flight crew misuses its autopilot, China Northern Airlines Flight 6901, a McDonnell Douglas MD-82, crashes on approach to Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China, killing 12 of the 102 people on board and injuring 60 of the 90 survivors.

The Turpan Depression or Turfan Depression is a fault-bounded trough located around and south of the city-oasis of Turpan, in the Xinjiang Autonomous Region in far western China, about 150 km southeast of the provincial capital Ürümqi.

To the north, Euthydemus also ruled Sogdiana and Ferghana, and there are indications that from Alexandria Eschate the Greco-Bactrians may have led expeditions as far as Kashgar and Ürümqi in Chinese Turkestan, leading to the first known contacts between China and the West around 220 BC.

This Australian-made film is about a prominent Uighur woman Rebiya Kadeer, who China labels a ' terrorist ' and claims that she was the orchestrator of the July 2009 Ürümqi riots.

* Ürümqi Diwopu International Airport, an airport in Ürümqi, China ( IATA code URC )

Genetic evidence has linked early Magyars eastward as well to the Ujghurs, living in East-Eurasia around the town of Ürümqi ( today in China ).

In the Tian Shan mountains west of Ürümqi in China, the last Caspian tigers disappeared from the Manasi River basin in the 1960s.

* Grand Bazaar ( Ürümqi ), an Islamic bazaar in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China

* T trains ( special fast trains that only stop at main stations ) to Dalian, Beijing, Ürümqi, Nanjing, Yangzhou, Hangzhou, Xian, Lanzhou, Jinan, Tongling, Tianjin, Taizhou and Ningbo in mainland China, as well as across the border to Kowloon in Hong Kong.

* Tianshan District, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China

There are also other airports that have international status such as the ones in Choibalsan and Khovd towns that connect nearby Chinese cities of Ürümqi, Hailar and Erenhot ( planned ) although they are more popular among local population.

Mindful not to take sides, Uyghur leaders like Rebiya Kadeer mainly try to garner international support for the " rights and interests of the Uyghurs ", including the right to demonstrate, although the Chinese government has accused her of orchestrating the deadly July 2009 Ürümqi riots.

** 1989 Ürümqi unrest: Uyghur and Hui Muslim protesters rioted in front of the government building in Ürümqi.

* The Sampul tapestry, woollen wall hanging, 3rd – 2nd century BC, Sampul, Ürümqi Xinjiang Museum.

Ürümqi: Xinjiang People's Press.

Amid the anti-Han programs and policies and exclusion of " pagans ", or non-Muslims, from the separatist government, Kuomintang leaders based in Dihua ( Ürümqi ) appealed to the long Chinese history in the region to justify its sovereignty over Xinjiang.

In Western cartography, the eastern end of the Tian Shan is usually understood to be just west of Ürümqi, while the range to the east of that city is known as the Bogda Shan.

Then the Bogda Shan ( god mountains ) run from east of Ürümqi.

Then there is a low area between Ürümqi and the Turfan Depression.

The Borohoro mountains start just south of Ürümqi and run west northwest separating Dzungaria from the Ili River basin.

Turpan is located about southeast of Ürümqi, Xinjiang's capital, in a mountain basin, on the northern side of the Turpan Depression, at an elevation of above sea level.

The first part of the expedition from 1927 to 1932 led from Beijing via Baotou to Mongolia, over the Gobi desert, through Xinjiang to Ürümqi, and into the northern and eastern parts of the Tarim Basin.

In Ürümqi, Pelliot heard about a find of manuscripts at the Silk Road oasis of Dunhuang from Duke Lan.

" and then he volunteered to join George Hunter in Ürümqi, Xinjiang, arriving there in 1914.

He died on May 24, 1933, of typhus, during the siege of Ürümqi, when caring for people wounded during the Muslim Rebellion led by Ma Chung-ying.

He was buried in Ürümqi.

* Ruins of Niya ( 泥雅 ), a site on the southern edge of the Tarim Basin, in modern-day Xinjiang, China

Ruins of Desert Cathay: Personal narrative of explorations in Central Asia and westernmost China, 2 vols.

File: Hwando Mountain Fortress 3. JPG | Ruins of Hwando Mountain Fortress, a major Goguryeo fortification, Ji ' an, China.

Ruins of an orphanage built by the Maryknoll Fathers in the early 20th century in Tian Tou, Chi Xi, Tai Shan, Guangdong Province, China.

Ruins of an orphanage built by the Maryknoll Fathers in the early 20th century in Tian Tou, Chi Xi, Tai Shan, Guangdong Province, China.

The Kingdom of Yan Ruins indicate that the Han Chinese People started moving into Northeast region of China during the Spring and Autumn Period.

Before that there had not been any large Frankish catapult in Cathay China, but Talib, a catapult-maker from this land, had gone to Baalbek and Damascus, and his sons Abubakr, Ibrahim, and Muhammad, and his employees made seven large catapults and set out to conquer the city Fu or Hsiang-yang fu = modern Xiangfan.

As an example, the surname Ma () includes descendants of the Warring States – era bureaucrat Zhao She, descendants of his subjects in his fief of Mafu, Koreans from an unrelated confederation, and Muslims from all over western China who chose it to honor Muhammad.

Islam was first introduced in China in 616-18 AD by Sahaba ( companions ) of Muhammad namely Waqqas ( Sad ibn abi Waqqas ), Sayid, Wahab ibn Abu Kabcha and another Sahaba.

According to China Muslims ' traditional legendary accounts, Islam was first brought to China by an embassy led by Sa'd ibn abi Waqqas that was sent by Uthman, the third Caliph, ( that was in 651, less than twenty years after the death of Muhammad ) which are confusions with Sa'd ibn abi Waqqas's earlier visits.

In around 1338, Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq of Delhi Sultanate appointed Moroccan traveller Ibn Battuta an ambassador to the Yuan court of Togan Temur in China.

For example, the Muslim explorer Ibn Battuta ( 1304 – 1369 AD ) traveled to China on order of the Sultan of Delhi, Muhammad bin Tughluq and he comments in his travel log that " Between it city of Quanzhou | Zaitun in Fujian and the rampart of Yajuj and Majuj and Magog is sixty days ' travel.

While this was transpiring, in the nearby southern Tarim Basin city of Khotan, three brothers of rich Bughra family, Muhammad Amin Bughra, Abdullah Bughra and Nur Ahmad Jan Bughra, educated in the jadidist tradition, had led a rebellion of gold miners who worked in Surghak mines near Keriya city, also in Yurunkash and Karakash mountain rivers, and established themselves as emirs of the city, having declared the Khotan Emirate and independence from China on March 16, 1933.

Old Chinese Muslim manuscripts state that the mosque was built by Sa ` d ibn Abi Waqqas who was an uncle of Prophet Muhammad, and supposedly came on his first Muslim mission to China in the 650s.