* 1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.

* 1838 – Non-laborer slaves in most of the British Empire are emancipated.

* 1770 – William Clark, American soldier, explorer, and politician ( d. 1838 )

* 1790 – Ferenc Kölcsey, Hungarian poet and politician ( d. 1838 )

* 1838 – The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads in 1838

A close relationship developed between Hasan Ali Shah and the British, which coincided with the final years of the First Anglo-Afghan War ( 1838 – 1842 ).

* 1838 – Léon Gambetta, French statesman ( d. 1882 )

* 1838 – Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, French scientist ( d. 1912 )

* 1915 – John Labatt, Canadian businessman and brewer ( b. 1838 )

* 1838 – John Muir, Scottish-American environmentalist ( d. 1914 )

* Aleksandra von Engelhardt ( 1754 – 1838 ), Russian lady-in-waiting

The construction commenced around the courtyard with the East Wing ( The King's Library ) in 1823 – 1828, followed by the North Wing in 1833 – 1838, which originally housed among other galleries a reading room, now the Wellcome Gallery.

* Henry Sidgwick ( 1838 – 1900 )

* Tales of Angria ( written 1838 – 1839-a collection of childhood and young adult writings including five short novels )

* 1838 – Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza ( Nzobo ) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

* 1838 – John Labatt, Irish-Canadian brewer ( d. 1915 )

* 1806 – Jean-Olivier Chénier, Canadian physician and patriote ( d. 1838 )

* 1838 – Émile Loubet, 7th President of France ( d. 1929 )

* 1838 – Edwin Abbott Abbott, English schoolmaster, theologian, and author ( d. 1926 )

* 1881 – August Senoa, Croatian writer ( b. 1838 )

In mathematical logic, there are two quantifiers, " some " and " all ", though as Brentano ( 1838 – 1917 ) pointed out, we can make do with just one quantifier and negation.

* The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ( 1838 ) – Poe's only complete novel

Edwin Abbott Abbott ( 20 December 1838 – 12 October 1926 ), English schoolmaster and theologian, is best known as the author of the satirical novella Flatland ( 1884 ).

After becoming part of the newly formed Atlantic County in 1837, portions of the township were taken to create Mullica Township ( March 13, 1838 ), Egg Harbor City ( June 14, 1858 ), Absecon town ( February 29, 1872 ), Brigantine Beach borough ( now Brigantine city ; June 14, 1890 ) and Port Republic ( March 1, 1905 ).

Victorian feminist Victoria Woodhull ( 1838 – 1927 ), the first woman to run for presidency in the U. S. in 1872, was also called " the high priestess of free love ".

Tiarks married in Hamburg on 18 November 1899 Emmie ( Emmy ) Marie Franziska Brödermann of Hamburg, Germany ( 15 February 1875-27 July 1943 ), daughter of Eduard Matthias Brödermann ( Hamburg, 27 February 1842-Hamburg, 28 February 1904 ), merchant, and wife ( Hamburg, 3 May 1872 ) Ramona Luisa Clara Ignacia Störzel ( Grabow, 2 June 1852-Hamburg, 24 June 1939 ); paternal granddaughter of Carl Matthias Brödermann ( Hamburg, 28 April 1789-Eimsbüttel, 10 June 1854 ), a merchant, married firstly in Havana on 16 March 1828 Anna Oom ( Lisbon, 1 September 1787-Hamburg, 28 February 1837 ), and second wife ( Hamburg, 18 December 1838 ) Marianne Kunhardt ( Hamburg, 10 March 1815-Eimsbüttel, 23 February 1882 ) and maternal granddaughter of Heinrich Eduard Störzel ( Grabow, 26 September 1819-Hamburg, 2 April 1885 ) and wife ( Durango, Mexico, 15 December 1847 ) María Ramona Redo Balmaseda ( Cincinnati, Hamilton County, Ohio, 14 October 1830-Brannenburg, 23 October 1914 ); and great-granddaughter of Johann Hinrich Brödermann, Bürger and shipbroker, and wife Anna Senglemann, Georg Wilhelm Kunhardt and wife Anna Maria Schultz and Diego Redo and wife María Francisca Balmaseda.

* James Smith ( Medal of Honor, 1872 ) ( 1838 –?

From 1838 the organ was in the care of Messrs Gray and Davison, who in 1872 — as part of the renovation of the building — moved the organ from the west gallery to the south aisle.

His daughter Marie Poggendorff ( born 12 August 1838 ) married Valentin Rose in 1872.

Crane ( 1838 – 1872 ) may have influenced James, who Habegger claimed was interested in Crane ’ s female characters.

Rufus Wheeler Peckham ( 1838 – 1909 ) followed in his namesake father's footsteps as a lawyer and in three of the positions that his father had held in New York: as the Albany district attorney ( 1869 – 1872 ), as a New York Supreme Court judge ( 1883 – 1886 ), and as a judge on the New York Court of Appeals ( 1886 – 1895 ).

* John King ( explorer ) ( 1838 – 1872 ), Irish soldier and member of the Burke and Wills expedition in Australia

The famous names in the ornithology of the Indian subcontinent during this era include Andrew Leith Adams ( 1827 – 1882 ), Edward Blyth ( 1810 – 1873 ), Edward Arthur Butler ( 1843 – 1916 ), Douglas Dewar ( 1875 – 1957 ), N. F. Frome ( 1899 – 1982 ), Hugh Whistler ( 1889 – 1943 ), H. H. Godwin-Austen ( 1834 – 1923 ), Col. W. H. Sykes ( 1790 – 1872 ), C. M. Inglis ( 1870 – 1954 ), Frank Ludlow ( 1885 – 1972 ), E. C. Stuart Baker ( 1864 – 1944 ), Henry Edwin Barnes ( 1848 – 1896 ), F. N. Betts ( 1906 – 1973 ), H. R. Baker, W. E. Brooks ( 1828 – 1899 ), Margaret Cockburn ( 1829 – 1928 ), James A. Murray, E. W. Oates ( 1845 – 1911 ), Ferdinand Stoliczka ( 1838 – 1874 ), Valentine Ball ( 1843 – 1894 ), W. T. Blanford ( 1832 – 1905 ), J. K. Stanford ( 1892 – 1971 ), Charles Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1923 ), Robert Swinhoe ( 1836 – 1877 ), C. H. T. Marshall ( 1841 – 1927 ), G. F. L. Marshall ( 1843 – 1934 ), R. S. P. Bates, James Franklin ( 1783 – 1834 ), Satya Churn Law, Arthur Edward Osmaston ( 1885 – 1961 ), Bertram Beresford Osmaston ( 1868 – 1961 ), Wardlaw Ramsay ( 1852 – 1921 ) and Samuel Tickell ( 1811 – 1875 ).

He died unmarried in December 1870 and was succeeded by his nephew, Charles ( 1836 – 1872 ), and then by another nephew, John ( 1838 – 1907 ).

In addition to his scholarly papers published in scientific journals, he made contributions to Salomon Stricker's ( 1834 – 1898 ) Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des Menschen und der Thiere ( 1872 ) and to Ludimar Hermann's ( 1838 – 1914 ) Handbuch der Physiologie ( 1879 ).

The original alignment was opened January 17, 1838, and on November 18, 1872 a realignment opened north of Chester ( part of the old route is now used for the Airport Line ).

It was established on 3 February 1838 and named Jessore Zilla School in 1872.

The printed edition ( Presburg, 1838 ), prepared by M. L. Bislichis, contains: ( 1 ) Preface ; ( 2 ) a treatise of eighteen chapters on the incorporeality of God ; ( 3 ) correspondence ; ( 4 ) a treatise, called Sefer ha-Yarḥi, included also in letter 58 ; ( 5 ) a defense of The Guide and its author by Shem-Tob Palquera ( Grätz, Gesch.

Most subsequent abeyances ( only a few dozen cases ) were settled after a few years, in favour of the holder of the family properties ; there were two periods in which long-abeyant peerages ( in some cases peerages of doubtful reality ) were brought back: between 1838 and 1841 and between 1909 and 1921.

The historical classification of Diprotodon consisted of eight species ( Diprotodon optatum Owen, 1838 ; Diprotodon australis Owen, 1844 ; D. annextans McCoy, 1861 ; D. minor Huxley, 1862 ; D. longiceps McCoy 1865 ; D. loderi Krefft, 1873a ; D. bennettii Krefft, 1873b ( nec D. bennettii Owen, 1877 ); and D. bennettii Owen, 1877 ( nec D. bennettii Krefft, 1873b ); based on size or slight morphological differences of single specimens collected from isolated geographic regions.

In 1838 Auckland, Ranjit Singh, and Shuja signed an agreement stating that Shuja would regain control of Kabul and Kandahar with the help of the British and Sikhs ; he would accept Sikh rule of the former Afghan provinces already controlled by Ranjit Singh, and that Herat would remain independent.

In 1838 Bessel won the race, announcing that 61 Cygni had a parallax of 0. 314 arcseconds ; which, given the diameter of the Earth's orbit, indicated that the star is 10. 4 ly away.

Guatemala gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821 ; it briefly became part of the Mexican Empire and then for a period belonged to a federation called The United Provinces of Central America, until the federation broke up in civil war in 1838 – 1840 ( See: History of Central America ).

Other notable pre-20th century examples include Giacomo Casanova's 1788 Icosaméron, a 5-volume, 1, 800-page story of a brother and sister who fall into the Earth and discover the subterranean utopia of the Mégamicres, a race of multicolored, hermaphroditic dwarfs ; Symzonia: A Voyage of Discovery by a " Captain Adam Seaborn " ( 1820 ) which reflected the ideas of John Cleves Symmes, Jr .; Edgar Allan Poe's 1838 novel The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ; Jules Verne's 1864 novel A Journey to the Center of the Earth, which described a prehistoric subterranean world ; and George Sand's 1884 novel Laura, Voyage dans le Cristal where unseen and giant crystals could be found in the interior of the Earth.

Harmony ; commemorating the centennial of the Borough of Harmony, Pennsylvania, 1838 – 1938.

His heirs, Earls of Abercorn, heirs male of the Hamilton family from 1651, became Marquesses of Abercorn in 1790, and Dukes of Abercorn in 1868 ; the 2nd Duke of Abercorn ( b. 1838 ) being a prominent Unionist politician and chairman of the British South Africa Company.

In 1836 the Wollaston Medal was awarded to Agassiz by the council of that society for his work on fossil ichthyology ; and in 1838 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Society.

In 1837 he issued the " Prodrome " of a monograph on the recent and fossil Echinodermata, the first part of which appeared in 1838 ; in 1839 – 40 he published two quarto volumes on the fossil Echinoderms of Switzerland ; and in 1840 – 45 he issued his Etudes critiques sur les mollusques fossiles (" Critical Studies on Fossil Mollusks ").

Much of Cudworth's work still remains in manuscript ; A Treatise concerning eternal and immutable Morality was published in 1731 ; and A Treatise of Freewill, edited by John Allen, in 1838 ; both are connected with the design of his magnum opus, the Intellectual System.