There is no distinction made in Scotland between assault and battery ( which is not a term used in Scots law ), although, as in England and Wales, assault can be occasioned without a physical attack on another's person, as demonstrated in Atkinson v. HM Advocate wherein the accused was found guilty of assaulting a shop assistant by simply jumping over a counter wearing a ski mask.

His chief work is a Historia Francorum, or Libri v de Gestis Francorum, which deals with the history of the Franks from the earliest times to 653, and was continued by other writers until the middle of the twelfth century.

Fathusai, which may be the Beth ( th ) ina of Ptolemy ( v. 19 ).

* 1905 – The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York which holds that the " right to free contract " is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution.

AIX was a component of the 2003 SCO v. IBM lawsuit, in which the SCO Group filed a lawsuit against IBM, alleging IBM contributed SCO's intellectual property to the Linux codebase.

In 2007, Clarence Thomas published his autobiography, My Grandfather's Son, in which he revisited the controversy, calling Hill his " most traitorous adversary " and saying that pro-choice liberals who feared that he would vote to overturn Roe v. Wade if he were seated on the Supreme Court used the scandal against him.

After Abigail reveals to Nabal what she has done, " YHWH struck Nabal and he died ," ( v. 38 ), after which David married her.

The Lord's Day Act, which since 1906 had prohibited business transactions from taking place on Sundays, was struck down as unconstitutional in the 1985 case R. v. Big M Drug Mart Ltd. Calgary police officers witnessed several transactions at the Big M Drug Mart, all of which occurred on a Sunday.

In an " extended model " which includes hot dark matter in the form of neutrinos, then if the " physical baryon density " Ω < sub > b </ sub > h < sup > 2 </ sup > is estimated at about 0. 023 ( this is different from the ' baryon density ' Ω < sub > b </ sub > expressed as a fraction of the total matter / energy density, which as noted above is about 0. 046 ), and the corresponding cold dark matter density Ω < sub > c </ sub > h < sup > 2 </ sup > is about 0. 11, the corresponding neutrino density Ω < sub > v </ sub > h < sup > 2 </ sup > is estimated to be less than 0. 0062.

Over a year later, on May 29, 1975, the University Board of Trustees authorized a change in policy to admit " students of any race ," a move that occurred shortly before the announcement of the Supreme Court decision in Runyon v. McCrary ( 427 U. S. 160 ), which prohibited racial exclusion in private schools.

A first exception to this rule arose in an 1852 case by New York's highest court, Thomas v. Winchester, which held that mislabeling a poison as an innocuous herb, and then selling the mislabeled poison through a dealer who would be expected to resell it, put " human life in imminent danger.

It was settled in the case of United States v. Hudson and Goodwin,, which decided that federal courts had no jurisdiction to define new common law crimes, and that there must always be a ( constitutional ) statute defining the offense and the penalty for it.

The judicial Power shall extend to all Cases, in Law and Equity, arising under this Constitution, the Laws of the United States, and Treaties made, or which shall be made, under their Authority ..." The first famous statement of " the judicial power " was Marbury v. Madison,.

An example of convergence from the other direction is shown in Srl CILFIT and Lanificio di Gavardo SpA v Ministry of Health ( Corte suprema di Cassazione, Italy, 1982 ), in which Italy's Supreme Court held that questions it has already answered need not be resubmitted.

The case of R v Dudley and Stephens, in which two men were found guilty of murder for killing and eating a cabin boy while adrift at sea in a lifeboat, set the precedent that necessity is no defence to a charge of murder.

The case of R v. Dudley and Stephens ( 1884 ) 14 QBD 273 ( QB ) is an English case which dealt with four crew members of an English yacht, the Mignonette, who were cast away in a storm some from the Cape of Good Hope.

which can be construed as a special case of the previous example with the substitution v → ∇.

The rate v of a first-order reaction, which could be disintegration of a substance A, is given by:

In the 2011 court case AT & T Mobility v. Concepcion, the U. S. Supreme Court ruled in a 5-4 decision that the Federal Arbitration Act of 1925 preempts state laws that prohibit contracts from disallowing class action lawsuits, which will make it more difficult for consumers to file class action lawsuits.

When used in the extemporaneous preparation of topical medications, it is supplied in the form of Coal Tar Topical Solution USP, which consists of a 20 % w / v solution of coal tar in alcohol, with an additional 5 % w / v of polysorbate 80 ; this must then be diluted in an ointment base such as petrolatum.

Thus, it might be used to challenge the sharp distinction made in U. S. v. E. C. Knight ( 1895 ) between commerce, which was subject to federal regulation, and manufacturing, which was not.

However, a superior court always has the discretion to grant the writ even in the face of an alternative remedy ( see May v. Ferndale Institution ).

Its legal argument holding that Congress alone may suspend the writ is noted for reiterating the opinion of John Marshall and the court in Ex parte Bollman and was recently restated by the Supreme Court in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld.

For example, in 1256, a court was asked to quash a writ as " novel, unheard of, and against reason " ( Abbot of Lilleshall v Harcourt ( 1256 ) 96 SS xxix 44 ).

In 1614, he heard the case of Courtney v. Glanvil, dictating that Glanvil should be imprisoned for deceit ; this was overruled by Sir Edward Coke in the Court of King's Bench, who demanded that Glanvil be released and issued a writ of habeas corpus.

In KUTV, Inc. v. Conder, media representatives sought review by appeal and by a writ of prohibition of an order barring the media from using the words " Sugarhouse rapist " or disseminating any information on past convictions of defendant during the pendency of a criminal trial.

Rasul v. Bush was a petition for a writ of habeas corpus ( release from unlawful imprisonment ) filed on February 19, 2002 by Asif Iqbal and Shafiq Rasul of British citizenship, and David Hicks of Australian citizenship.

In Miss Veena Sethi v. State of Bihar, 1982 ( 2 ) SCC 583: 1982 SCC ( Cri ) 511: AIR 1983 SC 339, the court treated a letter addressed to a judge of the court by the Free Legal Aid Committee in Hazaribagh, Bihar as a writ petition.

In a case from 2007 ( Gary Earl Neighbors v. Commonwealth of Virginia ), the Supreme Court of Virginia explained in great detail the purpose of a writ of error coram nobis, quoting from a 1957 decision from the same court ( Dobie v. Commonwealth ):

The Supreme Court ruled in Jones v. Cunningham in 1963 that inmates in state institutions could file a writ of habeas corpus challenging the conditions of their imprisonment as well as its legality.

On 23 March 1923 he appeared in R v Secretary of State for Home Affairs ex parte O ' Brien 2 KB 361 at a Divisional Court consisting of Mr Justice Avory and Mr Justice Salter to apply for a writ of habeas corpus for O ' Brien as a test case to allow the release of the others.

A writ of habeas corpus, Mamdouh Ibrahim Ahmed Habib v. George Bush, was submitted on

v. Dempsey,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court ruled 6-2 that the defendants ' mob-dominated trials deprived them of due process guaranteed by the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and reversed the district court's decision declining the petitioners ' writ of habeas corpus.

A writ of habeas corpus, Redouane Khalid v. George W. Bush, was submitted on

A writ of habeas corpus, Murat Kurnaz v. George W. Bush, was submitted on Murat Kurnaz's behalf.

* Korematsu v. United States — Patel heard a petition for a writ of coram nobis filed by attorneys Peter Irons and Dale Minami asking the judge to vacate the conviction in the 40-year old case of Korematsu v. United States.

Al Odah v. United States is a writ of habeas corpus petition on behalf of Guantanamo detainees.

In Kentucky v. Dennison,, the Supreme Court held that the federal courts may not compel state governors to surrender fugitives through the issue of writs of mandamus.

Among them, there are: Nguiagain v. Commission de la fonction publique, in which the judge rejected the plaintiff's motion for a mandamus to enjoin his union to revise the grievance that he had filed on the grounds that the motion was groundless and abusive ; De Niverville c. Descôteaux, where an injunction was rendered declaring the respondent, disbarred lawyer Descôteaux, as a vexatious litigant due to the multiple unfounded and frivolous actions that he had sought against the plaintiff De Niverville ; and in Fabrikant v. Corbin, a motion to declare the plaintiff Valery Fabrikant as a vexatious litigant was granted to the defendant, Dr. Corbin.

Under the Australian legal system, mandamus is available through section 75 ( v ) of the Australian Constitution.

A clause granting the Supreme Court the power to issue writs of mandamus outside its appellate jurisdiction was declared unconstitutional by Marbury v. Madison 5 U. S. 137 ( 1803 ), one of the seminal cases in American law.