* 1040 – King Duncan I is killed in battle against his first cousin and rival Macbeth.

* Abdallah ibn Yasin ( 1040 – 1059 )-founder & spiritual leader

His life is conventionally dated to c. 1040 – 970 BCE, his reign over Judah c. 1010 – 1002 BCE, and his reign over the United Kingdom of Israel c. 1002 – 970 BCE.

* 1040 – Rashi, French rabbi ( d. 1105 )

The Chinese " Wu Ching Tsung Yao " ( Complete Essentials from the Military Classics ), written by Tseng Kung-Liang between 1040 – 1044, provides encyclopedia references to a variety of mixtures which included petrochemicals, as well as garlic and honey.

The Abbasid Caliphate at its height, in 830 ADImportant contributions were made by Ibn al-Haytham ( 965 – 1040 ), a mathematician from Basra, Iraq considered one of the founders of modern optics.

In the 6th century AD, Byzantine mathematician Anthemius of Tralles used a type of camera obscura in his experiments, Ibn al-Haytham ( Alhazen ) ( 965 – 1040 ) studied the camera obscura and pinhole camera, Albertus Magnus ( 1193 – 1280 ) discovered silver nitrate, and Georges Fabricius ( 1516 – 71 ) discovered silver chloride.

* Harold I Harefoot, king of the Anglo-Saxons ( 1035 – 1040 ), illegitimate son of Cnut, died in 1040 and his half-brother, Harthacanute, on succeeding him, had his body taken from its tomb and cast in a pen with animals.

Shlomo Yitzhaki (), or in Latin Salomon Isaacides, and today generally known by the acronym Rashi (, RAbbi SHlomo Itzhaki ; February 22, 1040 – July 13, 1105 ), was a medieval French rabbi and long highly esteemed as a major contribution Ashkenazi Jewry gave to Torah study.

By far the best known commentary on the Babylonian Talmud is that of Rashi ( Rabbi Solomon ben Isaac, 1040 – 1105 ).

* March 15 – Ernulf, Bishop of Rochester ( b. c. 1040 )

* April 13 – Ida of Lorraine, saint and noblewoman ( b. c. 1040 )

* September 3 – Gerard Thom ( The Blessed Gerard ), founder of the Knights Hospitaller ( b. c. 1040 )

Remains of the fortress of Langeais, built by Fulk IIIHis son Fulk III Nerra ( 21 July 987 – 21 June 1040 ) found himself confronted on his accession with a coalition of Odo I, count of Blois, and Conan I of Rennes.

Finally, the victory gained by Geoffrey Martel ( 21 June 1040 – 14 November 1060 ), the son and successor of Fulk, over Theobald III, count of Blois, at Nouy ( 21 August 1044 ), assured to the Angevins the possession of the countship of Touraine.

* Oram, Richard ( with Michael Penman ), The Canmore Kings: Kings and Queens of the Scots, 1040 – 1290.

Harthacnut (" Tough-knot "; ; c. 1018 – 8 June 1042 ) was King of Denmark from 1035 to 1042 and King of England from 1040 to 1042.

Harold Harefoot or Harold I ( c. 1015 – 17 March 1040 ) was King of England from 1035 to 1040.

Michael Evans points out that Harold was only one of several kings of pre-Conquest England to die following short reigns, and lives, including Edmund I ( reigned 939 – 946 ), Eadred ( reigned 946 – 955 ), Eadwig ( reigned 955 – 959 ), Edmund Ironside ( reigned 1016 ), and Harthacnut ( reigned 1040 – 1042 ).

Some of the positions that he held were district record keeper ( 1040 ), magistrate in various districts ( 1046 – 1054 ), prefectural staff supervisor, and professor of the directorate of education and assistant prefect ( 1061 – 1064 ), among others.

Also, Brauweiler is reduced as a copy of the Köln Cathedral, probably thanks to the influence of Richeza's brother Hermann II, who in 1040 consecrated the Abbey of Stablo ( Stavelot ).

Whose rival Duncan I ( reigned 1034 – 1040 ) was the grandson and heir of Malcolm II.

The fourth Count, Louis II, loved hunting parties and held them in his huge game park starting in 1040.

The Capitanei of Vizzola, who controlled much of the Valtellina, had it in 1040 from the emperor Henry II.

( c. 975 – 3 March 1040 at Kaufungen ), also called Cunegundes and Cunegonda, was the wife of the Holy Roman Emperor Saint Henry II.

In 960, Armagnac was separated from Fezensac as a separate county, under Bernard le Louche, Géraud Trancaléon and Bernard II, who reunited under his control all of Gascony ( 1040 – 1052 ); in 1052 Gascony became part of " Aquitania ", by personal union of duke William VIII.

Following the death of his brother Duke Alan III, Eudes ruled as regent of Brittany in the name of his nephew Conan II, between 1040 and 1062, although some histories show 1057 as the year in which Conan II captures and imprisons him in chains.

Conan II of Rennes ( c. 1033 – 11 December 1066 ) was Duke of Brittany, from 1040 to his death.

As Malcolm II had no son, the strongest hereditary claim to the Scottish throne descended through Bethóc, and Crinán's eldest son Donnchad I ( reigned 1034 – 1040 ), became King of Scots.

Geoffrey II, called Martel (" the Hammer "), was Count of Anjou from 1040 to 1060.

* Peter ( II ) Delyan of Bulgaria ( reigned 1040 – 1041 ), leader of the Macedonian uprising against the Byzantine Empire

* Sancho II of Castile ( 1040 – 1072 ), King of Castile ( 1065 – 1072 ) and León ( 1072 )

The building remained in ruins until an abbey was built in 1040, reputedly by Bishop Eadnoth II.

* Cunigunde of Luxembourg, ( c. 975 – 1040 ), also called St. Cunegundes and St. Cunegonda, wife of the Holy Roman Emperor Saint Henry II

* Geoffrey II, Count of Anjou ( died 1060 ), surnamed Martel, Count of Anjou from 1040

* Adelaide ( c. 1040 – 27 January 1062 ), wife of king Vratislaus II of Bohemia

At Prizren they crowned him " Emperor of the Bulgarians " and gave him the name ' Petar III ', recalling the names of the Emperor-Saint Petar I ( died in 970 ) and of Petar II Delyan ( who had led the first major revolt against Byzantine rule in 1040 – 1041 ).

Wulfnoth Godwinson ( 1040 – 1094 ) was a younger brother of Harold II of England, the sixth son of Godwin.

Cnut was succeeded in England by his son Harold Harefoot, until he himself died in 1040, after which another of Cnut's sons, Harthacnut, took the throne.

Another son of Cnut, Harthacnut, was on the throne of Denmark and wanted his country to reunite with Norway, while Magnus initiated a campaign against Denmark around 1040.

Although the document of 1030 does not demonstrate that Amadeus and his father both held the rank of count simultaneously, Humbert's diploma of 1040 for the Diocese of Aosta was confirmed by his eldest son bearing the title count.

Canute IV of Denmark, the son of King Sven Estridsen, was born about 1040 and ruled Denmark from 1080-1086.

Prior to that time the castle had been held in fee-farm by Roger I " de Berkeley ", a Norman noble, possibly a son of Roger I of Tosny ( d. circa 1040 ), who acquired the surname " de Berkeley ".

Mas ' ud's son Madood was governor of Balkh and in 1040 AD, hearing of his father's death came to Ghazni to claim his kingdom.

In 1040 they decisively won the Battle of Dandanaqan against Mahmud's son, Mas ' ud I forcing Mas ' ud I to abandon his western provinces and flee towards Lahore.

Among the best known are: Ishaq ibn Hunain ( d. 911 ) ( son of Hunain ibn Ishaq ), the physician and translator of Greek philosophical works into Arabic ; ibn Fadlan, the explorer ; al Battani ( d. 923 ), astronomer ; Tabari ( d. 923 ), historian and theologian ; al-Razi ( d. 930 ), philosopher who made fundamental and lasting contributions to the fields of medicine, chemistry ; al-Farabi ( d. 950 ), chemist and philosopher ; Abu Nasr Mansur ( d. 1036 ), mathematician ; Alhazen ( d. 1040 ), mathematician ; al-Biruni ( d. 1048 ), mathematician, astronomer, physicist ; Omar Khayyám ( d. 1123 ), poet, mathematician, and astronomer ; Mansur Al-Hallaj a mystic, writer and teacher of Sufism most famous for his apparent, but disputed, self-proclaimed divinity, his poetry and for his execution for heresy by Caliph Al-Muqtadir.

* Ponç I 1040 – 1078 ( transferred Perelada, as a viscountcy, to his son Berengar )

His son Hughes I de Montfort, seigneur of Pont-Authou and Montfort-sur-Risle died defending William the Conqueror in 1040.

* 1015 – 1040 Gilbert, Count of Brionne, son of Geoffrey.

* 1040 – 1058 William I, son of Duke Richard.