* 1526 – Battle of Mohács: The Ottoman Turks led by Suleiman the Magnificent defeat and kill the last Jagiellonian king of Hungary and Bohemia.

* 1526 – The last ruler of the Lodi Dynasty, Ibrahim Lodi is defeated and killed by Babur in the First Battle of Panipat.

* 1520 – 1526: Dietrich V von Hardenberg, Lutheran

* 1526 – 1544: Matthias von Jagow, Lutheran

Holinshed in turn used an earlier work, the Scotorum Historiae ( 1526 – 7 ) by Hector Boece, as his source.

* David X of Kartli ( 1482 – 1526 )

Erasmus responded with a lengthy, two-part Hyperaspistes ( 1526 – 27 ).

* 1526 – Charles de L ' Ecluse, Flemish botanist ( d. 1609 )

* 1465 – Scipione del Ferro, Italian mathematician ( d. 1526 )

Fabritio Caroso da Sermoneta ( 1526 / 1535 – 1605 / 1620 ) was an Italian Renaissance dancing master and a composer or transcriber of dance music.

Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina ( 3 February 1525 or 2 February 1526 – 2 February 1594 ) was an Italian Renaissance composer of sacred music and the best-known 16th-century representative of the Roman School of musical composition.

* Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach ( December 28, 1526 – May 20, 1589 ) who married Christoph, Duke of Württemberg in 1544.

* Kings of Bohemia ( 1306 – 1307, 1437 – 1439, 1453 – 1457, 1526 – 1918 ),

* Kings of Hungary and Croatia ( 1526 – 1918 ),

* 1506 – Louis II of Hungary ( d. 1526 )

* 1501 – Isabella of Austria ( d. 1526 )

After Schlick, a string of composers developed German lute music: Hans Judenkünig ( c. 1445 – 50 – 1526 ), the Neusidler family ( particularly Hans Neusidler ( c. 1508 / 9 – 1563 )) and others.

1526 – 49 ) were particularly important for their contributions to the development of lute polyphony in Spain.

Finally, perhaps the most influential European lute composer was the Hungarian Bálint Bakfark ( c. 1526 – 30 – 1576 ), whose contrapuntal fantasias were much more difficult and tighter than those of his Western European contemporaries.

* June 4 – Muretus, French humanist ( b. 1526 )

Muretus is the Latinized name of Marc Antoni Muret ( 12 April 1526 – 4 June 1585 ), a French humanist who was among the revivers of a Ciceronian Latin style and is among the usual candidates for the best Latin prose stylist of the Renaissance.

To gain his freedom, the French king was forced to cede Burgundy to Charles in Treaty of Madrid ( 1526 ).

Jean du Bellay ( c. 1493 – 16 February 1560 ) was a French cardinal and diplomat, younger brother of Guillaume du Bellay, and bishop of Bayonne in 1526, member of the privy council in 1530, and bishop of Paris in 1532.

Earlier attempts had been made by the Spanish in what is now Georgia ( San Miguel de Gualdape, 1526 – 27 ; several Spanish missions in Georgia between 1568 and 1684 ), South Carolina ( Santa Elena, 1566 – 87 ), North Carolina ( Joara, 1567 – 68 ) and Virginia ( Ajacán Mission, 1570 – 71 ); and by French in South Carolina ( Charlesfort, 1562 – 63 ).

* June 4-Muretus, French humanist poet and prose writer in Latin ( born 1526 )

Joseph Boniface de La Môle ( c. 1526 – 30 April 1574 ) was a French nobleman.

In religion, Protestantism was a driving force in the use of the vernacular in Christian Europe, the Bible being translated from Latin into vernacular languages with such works as the Bible in Dutch: published in 1526 by Jacob van Liesvelt ; Bible in French: published in 1528 by Jacques Lefevre d ’ Étaples ( or Faber Stapulensis ); German Luther Bible in 1534 ; Bible in Spanish: published in Basel in 1569 by Casiodoro de Reina ( Biblia del Oso ); Bible in Czech: Bible of Kralice, printed between 1579 and 1593 ; Bible in English: King James Bible, published in 1611.

The first true herbal printed in Britain was Richard Banckes ' Herball of 1525 which, although popular in its day, was unillustrated and soon eclipsed by the most famous of the early printed herbals, Peter Treveris's Grete Herball of 1526 ( derived in turn from the derivative French Grand Herbier ).

With Milan itself threatened, Francis personally led a French army into Lombardy in 1525, only to be defeated and captured at the Battle of Pavia ; imprisoned in Madrid, Francis was forced to agree to extensive concessions over his Italian territories in the " Treaty of Madrid " ( 1526 ).

Released after the Treaty of Madrid ( January 14, 1526 ), he returned to French service, again being taken prisoner while serving the French expedition in Italy ( 1527 ).

* 1471 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist ( d. 1526 )

* October 15 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist ( d. 1526 )

* December 31-Heinrich Rantzau, humanist writer ( born 1526 )

Starting in 1526 then-mayor and humanist Joachim von Watt ( Vadian ) introduced the reformation in the city of St. Gallen.

Among the Albanian émigrés that became known in the humanist world are historian Marin Barleti ( 1460 – 1513 ) who in 1510 published in Rome a history of Skanderbeg, which was translated almost into all European languages, or Marino Becichemi ( 1408 – 1526 ), Gjon Gazulli ( 1400 – 1455 ), Leonicus Thomeus ( 1456 – 1531 ), Michele Maruli ( 15th century ), Michele Artioti ( 1480 – 1556 ) and many others who were distinguished in various fields of science, art and philosophy.

Details of his life are obscure, though the Neapolitan Renaissance humanist Pietro Summonte ( 1463 – 1526 ) gave brief details in a letter to the Venetian Marcantonio Michiel in 1524.

Konrad Mutian ( Latin: Conradus Mutianus ) ( October 15, 1470 – March 30, 1526 ) was a German humanist.

Notable are those of Martin Luther ( 1522 ), Jacques Lefèvre d ' Étaples ( 1523 ), the Froschau Bible ( 1525 – 1529, revised in 1574 ), William Tyndale ( 1526, revised in 1534, 1535 and 1536 ), the Brest Bible ( 1563 ), and the Authorized Version ( also called the " King James Version ") ( 1611 ).

* 1526 – Queen Catherine Jagellonica of Poland ( d. 1583 )

* 1464 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan ( d. 1526 )

* date unknown – Juan Sebastián Elcano, Spanish explorer ( d. 1526 )

* July 1 – Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia ( d. 1526 )

* July 18 – Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark ( d. 1526 )

** Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón, Spanish explorer ( d. 1526 )

* November 19 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara of Japan ( d. 1526 )

** Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester ( d. 1526 )

* Francisco Hernández de Córdoba ( founder of Nicaragua ) ( d. 1526 )

Little is known about his subsequent career in Rome, but he was still living in the city in early 1526: on 16 January 1526 he and one other lutenist performed for Pope Clement VII and Isabella d ' Este.

* Patrick Lindsay, 4th Lord Lindsay ( d. 1526 )

* Anne Cobham, 6th Baroness of Cobham ( d. 1526 )

* Ludwig Cellarius, d. 1526, Ludwig Keller of Basel, first husband of Wibrandis Rosenblatt

# Rose ( or Mascarose ) of Armagnac ( d. 1526 ), married in 1498 with Gaspard II de Villemur, Seigneur of Montbrun.

* Nicholas St Lawrence, 4th Baron Howth ( d. 1526 )