* 1537 – Francesco Barozzi, Italian mathematician, astronomer, and humanist ( d. 1604 )

* 1537 – Asunción, Paraguay, is founded.

* Lucia ( 1537 – 1539 )

* 1537 – The Honourable Artillery Company, the oldest surviving regiment in the British Army, and the second most senior, is formed.

* 1520 – Madeleine of Valois ( d. 1537 )

* 1537 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shogun ( d. 1597 )

* 1475 – Thomas Murner, German writer ( d. c. 1537 )

# Sofie ( 10 March 1485, Ansbach – 24 May 1537, Liegnitz ), married on 14 November 1518 to Duke Frederick II of Legnica.

* Thomas Murner ( 1475 – 1537 )

# Johann ( b. Dresden, 24 August 1498 – d. Dresden, 11 January 1537 ), Hereditary Duke of Saxony ; married on 20 May 1516 to Elizabeth of Hesse.

Further indigenous uprisings near Gracias a Dios, Comayagua, and Olancho occurred in 1537 – 38.

* 1537 – John Manuel, Prince of Portugal ( d. 1554 )

* 1537 – Madeleine of Valois ( b. 1520 )

* 1510 – Alessandro de ' Medici, Duke of Florence ( d. 1537 )

* 1592 – King John III of Sweden ( b. 1537 )

* 1597 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shogun ( b. 1537 )

Raku means " enjoyment ", " comfort " or " ease " and is derived from Jurakudai, the name of a palace, in Kyoto, that was built by Toyotomi Hideyoshi ( 1537 – 1598 ), who was the leading warrior statesman of the time.

* July 5 – Longqing Emperor of China ( b. 1537 )

* October 9 – Ashikaga Yoshiaki, Japanese shogun ( b. 1537 )

* June 23 – Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military commander ( b. 1537 )

* March 7 – Baldassare Peruzzi, Italian architect and painter ( d. 1537 )

* August 10 – Madeleine of Valois, queen of James V of Scotland ( d. 1537 )

* October 19 – Philip Howard, 20th Earl of Arundel, English nobleman ( b. 1537 )

* March 13 – Arnaud d ' Ossat, French diplomat and writer ( b. 1537 )

Jane became pregnant, and in 1537 produced a son, who became King Edward VI following Henry's death in 1547.

* November 17 – King John III of Sweden ( b. 1537 )

* Françoise de Foix ( 1495 – 1537 ): first official mistress of King Francis I of France

* July 6 – King Edward VI of England ( b. 1537 )

Jane Seymour ( c. 150924 October 1537 ) was Queen of England as the third wife of King Henry VIII.

The King confirmed his support of Cromwell by electing him to the Order of the Garter on 5 August 1537, but Cromwell was nonetheless forced to accept the existence of an executive body dominated by his conservative opponents.

Problems began when King Frederick II of Prussia violated the Pragmatic Sanction and invaded Silesia on 16 December 1740, using the Treaty of Brieg of 1537 under which the Hohenzollerns of Brandenburg were to inherit the Duchy of Brieg as a pretext.

Denmark became officially Lutheran on 30 October 1536 by decree of King Christian III, and in 1537 the reconstituted State Council approved the Lutheran Ordinances which was worked out by Danish theologians and Johannes Bugenhagen, based on Luther's Augsburg Confession and Luther's Little Catechism.

When Jane married the King in 1536, Seymour was created Viscount Beauchamp on 5 June, and on 15 October 1537 Earl of Hertford.

The King waited until 1537, almost a year after the priory ’ s dissolution, before allowing the priory to pass to Sir William.

John III (, ) ( 20 December 1537 – 17 November 1592 ) was King of Sweden from 1568 until his death.

# John III ( Johan III ) ( 1537 – 1592 ), Duke of Finland, King of Sweden 1567-1592

The Honourable Artillery Company was incorporated by Royal Charter in 1537 by King Henry VIII and is the second oldest military organisation in the world ( behind the Vatican ’ s Pontifical Swiss Guard ).

In her youth she was high in the favour of her uncle, King Henry VIII, but twice incurred the King's anger, first for her unauthorized engagement to Lord Thomas Howard, who died in the Tower of London in 1537 because of his misalliance with her, and again in 1540 for an affair with Thomas Howard's nephew Sir Charles Howard, the brother of Queen consort Catherine Howard.

General Kim agreed and sent the message to Field Marshal Gwon Yul ( 권율, 權慄, 1537 – 1599 ), Commander-in-Chief ( 도원수, 導元帥 ) of the Joseon military, who in, turn sent the message to King Seonjo.

After Christian had succeeded to become also King of Denmark and Norway in 1534 and 1537, respectively, he enforced Lutheranism in all his realm in 1537 ( see Reformation in Denmark-Norway and Holstein ).

He quickly gained the favour of King Henry VIII, and in 1537 was appointed president of a commission of enquiry into the condition of Ireland.

Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendôme ( 22 April 1518 – 17 November 1562 ) was head of the House of Bourbon from 1537 to 1562, and jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1555 to 1562.

João Manuel, Prince of Portugal () ( 3 June 1537 – 2 January 1554 ) was a Portuguese infante ( prince ), the eighth son of King John III of Portugal by his wife Catherine of Austria ( House of Habsburg ), daughter of Philip I of Castile and Joanna of Castile.

The University was definitively transferred to the premises of Coimbra Royal Palace in 1537 by King John III.

* Katarina Stenbock, ( 1537 – 1610 ), third wife and widow of King Gustav I of Sweden.

Archbishop Olav Engelbrektsson served as a leader of Norway in attempting to resist the Danish Reformation but was forced into exile by King Christian III in 1537.