* 1712 – Joshua Barnes, English scholar ( b. 1654 )

Alessandro Algardi ( 31 July 1598 – 10 June 1654 ) was an Italian high-Baroque sculptor active almost exclusively in Rome, where for the latter decades of his life, he was the major rival of Gian Lorenzo Bernini.

Conrad von Gesner ( 1516 – 1565 ) and Nicholas Culpeper ( 1616 – 1654 ) also published herbals covering the medicinal uses of plants.

* Pierre Coustant ( 1654 – 1721 )

* Edmond Martène ( 1654 – 1739 )

The great plague of 1650 – 1654 halved the city's population.

He led an uprising against the Commonwealth and its magnates ( 1648 – 1654 ) which resulted in the creation of a Cossack state.

* 1584 – John Selden, English jurist and oriental scholar ( d. 1654 )

* 1654 – Jacob Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician ( d. 1705 )

According to Gay, Herbert had relatively few followers, and it was not until the 1680s that Herbert found a true successor in Charles Blount ( 1654 – 1693 ).

He was assisted by Axel Oxenstierna ( 1583 – 1654 ), leader of the nobles who also acted as regent after his death.

Further imprisonments came at London in 1654, Launceston in 1656, Lancaster in 1660, Leicester in 1662, Lancaster again and Scarborough in 1664 – 66 and Worcester in 1673 – 75.

Pessimism in the south was more intense after the Cossacks ' Uprising ( 1648 – 1654 ) under Chmielnicki and the turbulent times in Poland ( 1648 – 1660 ), which violently ruined the Jewry of South East Poland, but did not much affect that of Lithuania and Estonia.

* 1720 – Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford, English privy councillor ( b. c. 1654 )

* 1654 – Charles X succeeds his abdicated cousin Queen Christina to the Swedish throne.

* 1654 – Louis XIV is crowned King of France.

* 1654 – Emperor Reigen of Japan ( d. 1732 )

* 1583 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish statesman ( d. 1654 )

* 1654 – Richard Blackmore, English physician and writer ( d. 1729 )

* 1654 – Joshua Barnes, English scholar ( d. 1712 )

* 1654 – Nicholas Culpeper, English botanist, herbalist, physician, and astrologer ( b. 1616 )

* August 16 – Jacob Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician ( b. 1654 )

In 1654 Johan de Hulter, owner of 20 % of the Killian van Rensselaer Company was granted a patent, together with the patents of Christoffel Davids, and Jacob Jansen Stoll, this supplies evidence of the first permanent settlement, that grows into the village of Wiltwijck, later: Kingston.

Jacob Bernoulli ( also known as James or Jacques ) ( 27 December 1654 – 16 August 1705 ) was one of the many prominent mathematicians in the Bernoulli family.

* Jacob Bernoulli ( 1654 – 1705 ; also known as James or Jacques ) Mathematician after whom Bernoulli numbers are named.

In 1747 he wrote an article for the Gentleman's Magazine suggesting that John Milton's Paradise Lost was largely a plagiarism from the Adamus Exul ( 1601 ) of Hugo Grotius, the Sarcotis ( 1654 ) of Jacob Masen ( Masenius, 1606 – 1681 ), and the Poemata Sacra ( 1633 ) of Andrew Ramsay ( 1574 – 1659 ).

A key point of opposition was that the Vilna Gaon maintained that greatness in Torah and observance must come through natural human efforts at Torah study without relying on any external " miracles " and " wonders ", whereas the Ba ' al Shem Tov was more focused on bringing encouragement and raising the morale of the Jewish people, especially following the Chmelnitzki pogroms ( 1648 – 1654 ) and the aftermath of disillusionment in the Jewish masses following the millennial excitement heightened by the failed messianic claims of Sabbatai Zevi and Jacob Frank.

On July 8, 1654, Jacob Barsimson left Holland and arrived aboard the Peartree on August 22 in the port of New Amsterdam ( in lower Manhattan, where Wall Street is today ).

* Jacob Astley, 3rd Baron Astley of Reading ( c. 1654 – 1688 ), English peer

In 1654 the Dutch Navy had a new commander, Jacob van Wassenaer Obdam, Lieutenant-Admiral of Holland and West Frisia-and a complete amateur.

The first group of Jews in the northern colonies disembarked in early September 1654, shortly after Barsimson.

In 1654, New England raiders attacked Acadian settlements on the Annapolis Basin, starting a period of uncertainty for Acadians throughout the English constitutional crises under Oliver Cromwell, and only being properly resolved under the Treaty of Breda in 1667 when France's claim to the region was reaffirmed.

In May 1654, the Dutch Fort Casimir was captured by soldiers from the New Sweden colony led by governor Johan Risingh.

* Fort Casimir ( 1654 )-also known as Fort Trinity ( in Swedish, Trefaldigheten ), located at the end of Chestnut Street near Harmony & 2nd streets in New Castle, Delaware.

* New Courland ( Tobago ) ( 1654 – 1689 )

After the end of the First Anglo – Dutch War in May 1654, the Dutch Republic demanded that New Holland ( Dutch Brazil ) was given back to them.

In 1654, Johan Risingh, Commissary and Councilor to the Governor Lt. Col. Printz, officially assumed Printz's duties and began to expel all Dutch from New Sweden.

New Kent County was established in 1654 from York County.

The Dutch originally named the settlement Fort Casimir, but this was changed to Fort Trinity ( Swedish: Trefaldighet ) following its seizure by the colony of New Sweden on Trinity Sunday, 1654.

He arrived in New Sweden in 1654 and is recorded as the first physician in Delaware.

He was succeeded by Johan Rising, who upon his arrival in 1654, seized the Dutch post Fort Casimir, located at the site of the present town of New Castle, which was built by the Dutch in 1651.

Upland was reflected on the early map of New Sweden made by Peter Lindstrom in 1654.

On August 30, 1654, after being captured by Abenakis at Fort at Number 4, Charlestown, New Hampshire, and being force-marched to Montreal, Susannah Willard Johnson gave birth to a daughter about up Knapp Brook.

To close off the piazza's symmetry and cover up the tower of the Aracoeli, the Palazzo Nuovo, or " New Palace ", was constructed in 1603, finished in 1654, and opened to the public in 1734.

Philadelphia obtained a hand-pumped fire engine in 1719, years after Boston's 1654 model appeared there, made by Joseph Jencks, but before New York's two engines arrived from London.

* 1654: Portrait of an Officer in a Red Beret-David Findlay Galleries, New York City

* Robert Livingston the Elder ( 1654 – 1728 ) ( middle initial, " R "), New York colonial official, and first lord of Livingston Manor

Robert Livingston the Elder ( December 13, 1654 – October 1, 1728 ) was a New York colonial official, and first lord of Livingston Manor.

In September 1654, shortly before the Jewish New Year, twenty-three Jews from the Sephardic community in the Netherlands, coming from Recife, Brazil, then a Dutch colony, arrived in New Amsterdam ( New York City ).

In 1654, the Swedes captured Fort Casimir, but the following year in 1655, the Dutch took control of New Sweden, ending the official Swedish colonial presence in North America and renaming the fort ' Fort Altena '.

* Robert Livingston the Elder, ( 1654 – 1728 ), born in Ancrum, was the Secretary for Indian affairs of the New York Province and the first lord of Livingston Manor.

Olivier Le Jeune ( buried 10 May 1654 ) was the first recorded slave purchased in New France.

In March, 1665, the Duke of York was granted a Royal colony which included New Netherland and present-day Maine. The New Netherland claim included western parts of present-day Massachusetts ( to an extent that varied depending on whether the reference was the States-General claim of all lands as far east as Narragansett Bay or the Treaty of Hartford negotiated by the English and Dutch colonies in 1654 but not recognized by either the Dutch or English governments ) putting the new province in conflict with the Massachusetts charter.