Born in Stockholm, Alfred Nobel was the fourth son of Immanuel Nobel ( 1801 – 1872 ), an inventor and engineer, and Andriette Ahlsell Nobel ( 1805 – 1889 ).

* 1805 – Joseph Locke, English railway and civil engineer ( d. 1860 )

* 1872 – Frederick Maurice, English theologian ( b. 1805 )

* 1805 – Christopher Anstey, English writer ( b. 1724 )

* 1877 – William B. Ogden, American politician, 1st Mayor of Chicago ( b. 1805 )

* 1805 – First Barbary War: United States Marines captured Derne under the command of First Lieutenant Presley O ' Bannon.

* 1725 – Jean-Baptiste Greuze, French painter ( d. 1805 )

* 1805 – Hans Christian Andersen, Danish writer ( d. 1875 )

* 1805 – Frederick Denison Maurice, English theologian ( d. 1872 )

The Lewis and Clark Expedition spent the winter of 1805 – 1806 at Fort Clatsop, a small log structure south and west of modern day Astoria.

* 1756 – Dheeran Chinnamalai, Indian Freedom Fighter, Tamil Revolutionist ( d. 1805 )

* 1805 – Ferenc Toldy, German-Hungarian critic ( d. 1875 )

* 1805 – First Barbary War: United States Marines and Berbers attack the Tripolitan city of Derna ( The " shores of Tripoli " part of the Marines ' hymn ).

* 1755 – Nicolas-Jacques Conté, French painter and inventor ( d. 1805 )

* 1805 – William Rowan Hamilton, Irish mathematician ( d. 1865 )

* 1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: The Corps of Discovery breaks camp among the Mandan tribe and resumes its journey West along the Missouri River.

* 1871 – Alexander Loyd, American politician, Mayor of Chicago ( b. 1805 )

* Also the Bavarian Major General and War Minister Moritz Ritter von Spies ( 1805 – 1862 ) was born in Ansbach.

* Prosper Guéranger ( 1805 – 1875 )

* Napoleon I ( 1804 – 1814, 1815 ), also King of Italy ( 1805 – 1814 ) and Emperor in Elba ( 1814 – 1815 )

#* Jérôme Napoleon Bonaparte ( 1805 – 1870 ), married Susan May Williams

Frederick Augustus I ( full name: Frederick Augustus Joseph Maria Anton Johann Nepomuk Aloys Xavier ) (; 23 December 1750 – 5 May 1827 ) was King of Saxony ( 1805 – 1827 ) from the House of Wettin.

** Anton Stamitz, composer ( died c. 1805 )

( 1805 – 19 ), Johan Olof Wallin ( 1837 – 39 ; beloved poet and hymnist ), Karl Fredrik af Wingård ( 1839 – 51 ; politician ), Henrik Reuterdahl ( 1856 – 70 ) Anton Niklas Sundberg ( 1870 – 1900 ; outspoken and controversial ) and Nathan Söderblom ( 1914 – 1931 ; Nobel Prize winner ).

Anton Ritter von Schmerling ( August 23, 1805, Lichtental, Vienna-May 23, 1893, Vienna ), Austrian statesman, was born at Vienna, where his father held a high position on the judicial side of the civil service.

* Anton Nickel ( 1805 – 1874 ), jurist

* Joseph Anton Koch, Paolo and Francesca Surprised by Gianciotto ( 1805 – 10 ).

As early as 1805, Gay-Lussac and von Humboldt showed that water is formed of two volumes of hydrogen and one volume of oxygen, and by 1811 Amedeo Avogadro had arrived at the correct interpretation of water's composition, based on what is now called Avogadro's law and the assumption of diatomic elemental molecules.

The movement, from 1772 until 1805, involved Herder as well as polymath Johann Wolfgang von Goethe ( 1749 – 1832 ) and Friedrich Schiller ( 1759 – 1805 ), a poet and historian.

* 1805 – Peter Ernst von Lasaulx, German philosopher and writer ( d. 1861 )

In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils, backed by del Río's friend Baron Alexander von Humboldt, incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.

* January 12 – Ida, Countess von Hahn-Hahn, author ( b. 1805 )

Jacob, who was still financially responsible for his mother, brother, and younger siblings, accepted a post in Paris as research assistant to von Savigny in 1805.

The Austrians began the war by invading Bavaria with an army of about 70, 000 under Karl Mack von Leiberich, and the French army marched out from Boulogne in late July 1805 to confront them.

He was drawn back to botany and became Privatdozent in botany at the University of Tübingen, where he worked as an assistant to Dr. Hugo von Mohl ( 1805 – 1872 ) for a while.

* 1805 – Together with his friend and scientific collaborator Alexander von Humboldt, he discovered that the composition of the atmosphere does not change with decreasing pressure ( increasing altitude ).

The Russian explorer Adam Johann von Krusenstern visited Sakhalin in 1805, but regarded it as a peninsula.

In 1805 Adam Johann von Krusenstern failed to penetrate the strait from the north.

In 1805, German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt sent more seeds from Mexico to Aiton in England, Thouin in Paris, and Christoph Friedrich Otto, director of the Berlin Botanical Garden.

* Moritz Ritter von Spies ( 1805 – 1862 ), Bavarian Major General and War Minister

Brentano assisted Ludwig Achim von Arnim, his brother-in-law, in the collection of folk-songs forming Des Knaben Wunderhorn ( 1805 – 1808 ), which Gustav Mahler drew upon for his song cycle.

It became somewhat of a topos in Romantic literature, and figures in the poem Der Schweizer by Achim von Arnim ( 1805 ) and in Clemens Brentano's Des Knaben Wunderhorn ( 1809 ) as well as in the opera Le Chalet by Adolphe Charles Adam ( 1834 ) which was performed for Queen Victoria under the title The Swiss Cottage.

Still read are his autobiographical writings, Meine Flucht nach Paris im Winter 1790 ( 1791 ), Über meinen Aufenthalt in Wien ( 1799 ), Das merkwürdigste Jahr meines Lebens ( 1801 ), Erinnerungen aus Paris ( 1804 ), and Erinnerungen von meiner Reise aus Liefland nach Rom und Neapel ( 1805 ).

* Geschichte der Literatur von ihrem Anfänge bis auf die neuesten Zeiten ( 5 vols., Gött., 1805 – 1812 )

Friedrich Schlegel's wife, Dorothea von Schlegel, a daughter of Moses Mendelssohn, was the author of an unfinished romance, Florentin ( 180 ,), a Sammlung romantischer Dichtungen des Mittelalters ( Collection of Romantic Poems of the Middle Ages ) ( 2 vols., 1804 ), a version of Lother und Maller ( 1805 ), and a translation of Madame de Staël's Corinne ( 1807 – 1808 )-all of which were issued under her husband's name.

In 1805, although Johann Wolfgang von Goethe used his utmost endeavours to persuade him to stay, Voss accepted a call to a professorship of classical literature at the University of Heidelberg.

* J. W. von Goethe, Winckelmann und sein Jahrhundert ( 1805 )

In 1805 Maelzel purchased Wolfgang von Kempelen's half-forgotten “ automaton chess player ,” The Turk, took it to Paris, and sold it to Eugene Beauharnais at a large profit.

Hänlein ( 1762 – 1829 ), Christoph Friedrich von Ammon and Heinrich Eberhard Gottlob Paulus, and afterwards as sole editor ; from 1801 to 1804 of the Journal für theologische Litteratur ; and from 1805 to 1811 of the Journal für auserlesene theologische Litteratur.