* 1838 – Nicaragua declares independence from the Central American Federation.

* 1838 – Non-laborer slaves in most of the British Empire are emancipated.

* 1770 – William Clark, American soldier, explorer, and politician ( d. 1838 )

* 1790 – Ferenc Kölcsey, Hungarian poet and politician ( d. 1838 )

* 1838 – The Wilkes Expedition, which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads in 1838

A close relationship developed between Hasan Ali Shah and the British, which coincided with the final years of the First Anglo-Afghan War ( 1838 – 1842 ).

* 1838 – Léon Gambetta, French statesman ( d. 1882 )

* 1838 – Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, French scientist ( d. 1912 )

* 1915 – John Labatt, Canadian businessman and brewer ( b. 1838 )

* 1838 – John Muir, Scottish-American environmentalist ( d. 1914 )

* Aleksandra von Engelhardt ( 1754 – 1838 ), Russian lady-in-waiting

The construction commenced around the courtyard with the East Wing ( The King's Library ) in 1823 – 1828, followed by the North Wing in 1833 – 1838, which originally housed among other galleries a reading room, now the Wellcome Gallery.

* Henry Sidgwick ( 1838 – 1900 )

* Tales of Angria ( written 1838 – 1839-a collection of childhood and young adult writings including five short novels )

* 1838 – Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza ( Nzobo ) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

* 1838 – John Labatt, Irish-Canadian brewer ( d. 1915 )

* 1806 – Jean-Olivier Chénier, Canadian physician and patriote ( d. 1838 )

* 1838 – Émile Loubet, 7th President of France ( d. 1929 )

* 1838 – Edwin Abbott Abbott, English schoolmaster, theologian, and author ( d. 1926 )

* 1881 – August Senoa, Croatian writer ( b. 1838 )

In mathematical logic, there are two quantifiers, " some " and " all ", though as Brentano ( 1838 – 1917 ) pointed out, we can make do with just one quantifier and negation.

* The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket ( 1838 ) – Poe's only complete novel

Edwin Abbott Abbott ( 20 December 1838 – 12 October 1926 ), English schoolmaster and theologian, is best known as the author of the satirical novella Flatland ( 1884 ).

Sir Charles Wheatstone discovered its principle and applied it as early as 1838 to the construction of a cumbersome but effective instrument, in which the binocular pictures were made to combine by means of mirrors.

* " The Fortunes of Sir Robert Ardagh " ( 1838 ), an enigmatic story involving a Faustian pact and set in the gothic ambiance of a castle in rural Ireland.

Traité de legislation civile et pénale was published in 1802 and then later retranslated back into English by Hildreth as The Theory of Legislation, although by this time significant portions of Dumont ’ s work had already been retranslated and incorporated into Sir John Bowring's edition of Bentham's works, which was issued in parts between 1838 and 1843.

* A British steamer named SS Sir Robert Peel, based in Canada, was burned by American forces on 29 May 1838, at the height of American-Canadian tensions over the Caroline Affair.

* Bill Scott – Jack Spigot ( 1821 ), Memnon ( 1825 ), The Colonel ( 1828 ), Rowton ( 1829 ), Don John ( 1838 ), Charles the Twelfth ( 1839 ), Launcelot ( 1840 ), Satirist ( 1841 ), Sir Tatton Sykes ( 1846 )

This same horse won again in 1837, while Sir William was the winner in 1838.

Sir William Henry Perkin, FRS ( 12 March 1838 – 14 July 1907 ) was an English chemist best known for his discovery, at the age of 18, of the first aniline dye, mauveine.

* Travis, Anthony S. " Perkin, Sir William Henry ( 1838 – 1907 )" in the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, edited C. Mathew et al.

* 1838 Sir John Goss

See also F Hardy, Memoirs of Lord Charlemont ( London, 1812 ); Warden Flood, Memoirs of Henry Flood ( London, 1838 ); Francis Plowden, Historical Review of the State of Ireland ( London, 1803 ); Alfred Webb, Compendium of Irish Biography ( Dublin, 1878 ); Sir Jonah Barrington, Rise and Fall of the Irish Nation ( London, 1833 ); WJ O ' Neill Daunt, Ireland and her Agitators ; Lord Mountmorres, History of the Irish Parliament ( 2 vole., London, 1792 ); Horace Walpole, Memoirs of the Reign of George III ( 4 vols., London, 1845 and 1894 ); Lord Stanhope, Life of William Pitt ( 4 vols., London, 1861 ); Thomas Davis, Life of JP Curran ( Dublin, 1846 ) this contains a memoir of Grattan by DO Madden, and Grattan's reply to Lord Clare on the question of the Union ; Charles Phillips, Recollections of Curran and some of his Contemporaries ( London, 1822 ); JA Froude, The English in Ireland ( London, 1881 ); JG McCarthy, Henry Grattan: an Historical Study ( London, 1886 ); Lord Mahon's History of England, vol.

Sir Joseph Barnby, caricature by " Leslie Ward | Spy " Sir Joseph Barnby ( 12 August 1838 – 28 January 1896 ), English musical composer and conductor, son of Thomas Barnby, an organist, was born at York.

In addition to his children with his wife, Sir William Wilde was the father of three children born out of wedlock before his marriage: Henry Wilson, born in 1838, and Emily and Mary Wilde, born in 1847 and 1849, respectively, of different parentage to Henry.

* Sir George Strahan ( 1838 – 87 ): born in Fraserburgh ; British colonial governor.

On May 29, 1838, 13 raiders, mostly Canadian refugees from the 1837 rebellion, led by " Pirate " Bill Johnston, retaliated by capturing, looting, and burning the British steamer Sir Robert Peel while she was in U. S. waters.

Benjamin Hall, 1st Baron Llanover PC ( 8 November 1802 – 27 April 1867 ), known as Sir Benjamin Hall, Bt, between 1838 and 1859, was a British civil engineer and politician.

It was first invented by Sir Charles Wheatstone in 1838.

His major work was the Life of Sir Walter Scott ( 7 vols, 1837 — 1838 ; 2nd ed., 10 vols., 1839 ).

An efficient education system, owing its inception to Sir John Herschel, an astronomer who lived in Cape Colony from 1834 to 1838, was adopted.

* Sir John Barrow, Life of Richard, Earl Howe, ( London, 1838 )

at Fontainebleau ( 1836 ); Sir David Baird Discovering the Body of Tippoo Sahib ( 1838 ); the Empress Josephine and the Fortune-Teller ( 1838 ); and Queen Victoria Presiding at her First Council ( 1838 ).

Brougham also edited, in collaboration with Sir Charles Bell, William Paley's Natural Theology and published a work on political philosophy and in 1838 he published an edition of his speeches in four volumes.