Causes include controversy over admitting Missouri as a slave state in 1820, the acquisition of Texas as a slave state in 1845 and the status of slavery in western territories won as a result of the Mexican – American War and the resulting Compromise of 1850.

* 1788 – Adoniram Judson, American missionary ( d. 1850 )

* 1850 – Reginald Heber Roe, Australian academic and educator ( d. 1926 )

* 1802 – Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian poet ( d. 1850 )

* 1850 – Charles Richet, French physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1935 )

The 1830 – 1850 period later became known as the era of Jacksonian democracy.

His father was a cultured man, and his mother was the sister of Raphael Georg Kiesewetter ( 1773 – 1850 ), the musical archaeologist and collector.

* 1850 – Marcelo H. del Pilar, Filipino writer, journalist, and revolutionary ( d. 1896 )

Albert Goodwill Spalding ( Byron, Illinois September 2, 1850 – September 9, 1915 in Point Loma, San Diego, California ) was a professional baseball player, manager and co-founder of A. G. Spalding sporting goods company.

* 1918 – Karl Ferdinand Braun, German physicist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1850 )

* John Pryor, 1846 – 1850

* 1770 – Georg Sverdrup, Norwegian philologist ( d. 1850 )

* 1850 – Luise Adolpha Le Beau, German composer ( d. 1927 )

* 1770 – William Wordsworth, English poet ( d. 1850 )

* 1850 – William Lisle Bowles, English poet and critic ( b. 1762 )

The estate was sold on 4 June 1883 to Sir Herbert Samuel Leon ( 1850 – 1926 ), a financier and Liberal MP.

* Frédéric Bastiat ( 1801 – 1850 ), classical-liberal author and political economist

The Christadelphian community in Britain effectively dates from Thomas's first lecturing tour ( May 1848 – October 1850 ).

** Leonard Darwin ( 1850 – 1943 ), soldier, politician, and activist

* 1850 – History of New Zealand: The Charlotte-Jane and the Randolph bring the first of the Canterbury Pilgrims to Lyttelton, New Zealand.

* 1778 – Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French physicist and chemist ( d. 1850 )

* 1850 – William Sturgeon, English physicist and inventor ( b. 1783 )

* 1935 – Charles Richet, French physiologist, Nobel laureate ( b. 1850 )

* 1761 – Marie Tussaud, French creator of wax sculptures ( Madame Tussauds ) ( d. 1850 )

His first wife, Juliet Macpherson ( c. 1776 – 1850 ), was a daughter of James Macpherson ( 1736 – 1796 ), a probable translator of Ossian poems.

* 1787 – François Sulpice Beudant, French mineralogist and geologist ( d. 1850 )

* February 28 – Nicolas François, Count Mollien, French financier ( d. 1850 )

* François Debret ( 1777 – 1850 )

His first publication was an Essai sur François Hotman ( 1850 ), completed later by his publication of Hotman's correspondence in the Revue historique ( 1876 ), and he devoted the whole of his leisure to legal history.

It was Pierre Charles François Harel who in 1850 initially proposed the concept of local distillation of rum in Mauritius.

* Constantin Radziwill, 1850 – 1920, married Louise Blanc, daughter of François Blanc, founder of Monte-Carlo

Endowed with a vigorous original talent, and with a vivid imagination, especially for the tragic incidents of history, he soon rose to fame, and in 1850 succeeded François Granet as member of the Académie des Beaux-Arts.

* François Norbert Blanchet ( 1846 – 1850 )

* François Norbert Blanchet ( 1850 – 1880 )

François Sulpice Beudant ( September 5, 1787 – December 10, 1850 ), French mineralogist and geologist, was born in Paris.

Nicolas François, Count Mollien ( 28 February 1758 — 1850 ), French financier, was born at Paris.

*“ Claude François de Malet, in Biographie des célébrités militaires des armées de terre et de mer de 1789 à 1850, ( Charles Mullié, 1851 ).

Claude Frédéric Bastiat (; 30 June 180124 December 1850 ) was a French classical liberal theorist, political economist, and member of the French assembly.

* French ship Napoléon ( 1850 )

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

* 1850 – Henri Louis le Chatelier, French chemist ( d. 1936 )

The stamp collection assembled by French / Austrian aristocrat Philipp von Ferrary ( 1850 – 1917 ) at the beginning of the 20th century is widely considered the most complete stamp collection ever formed ( or likely to be formed ).

** Robert Planquette, French composer ( b. 1850 )

* September 17 – Henri Louis Le Chatelier, French chemist ( Le Chatelier's principle ) ( b. 1850 )

* July 13 – Victor Laloux, French architect ( b. 1850 )

* June 30 – Frederic Bastiat, French philosopher ( d. 1850 )

* July 6 – Guy de Maupassant, French writer ( b. 1850 )

* October 22 – Alphonse Pénaud, French aviation pioneer ( b. 1850 )

* June 10 – Pierre Loti, French writer and naval officer ( b. 1850 )

** Charles Richet, French physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1850 )

* May 20 – Honoré de Balzac, a French author ( d. 1850 )