* January 1992-Scientists that analysed data from the RELIKT-1 report the discovery of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background at the Moscow astrophysical seminar.

In the objectivist stream, the statistical analysis depends on only the model assumed and the data analysed.

This was based on a combination of molecular, morphological, anatomical, and embryological data, analysed within a phylogenetic framework.

Commonly used types of data include life history, fecundity, and survivorship, and these are analysed using mathematical techniques such as matrix algebra.

The fact that Bayesian and frequentist arguments differ on the subject of optional stopping has a major impact on the way that clinical trial data can be analysed.

In his textbooks he selected Indo-European examples that supported the key Neogrammarian hypothesis of the regularity of sound change, and emphasized a sequence of steps essential to success in comparative work: ( a ) appropriate data in the form of texts which must be studied intensively and analysed ; ( b ) application of the comparative method ; ( c ) reconstruction of proto-forms.

However, in 2010 data from the same source ( the UK General Practice Research Database ) was analysed a second time, and reported a different trend: risk of fracture more than doubled immediately after initiation of medication, but dropped to slightly less than double baseline with prolonged use.

Observations are made in the field using carefully designed protocols and the data may be analysed to estimate bird diversity, relative abundance or absolute population densities.

In the objective or " non-informative " current, the statistical analysis depends on only the model assumed, the data analysed.

" Fisher analysed the data and stayed to create the theory of experimental design, making Rothamsted a major centre for research in statistics and genetics.

Arbuthnot returned to mathematics in 1710 with An argument for Divine Providence, taken from the constant regularity observed in the births of both sexes ( linked below ) in the Royal Society's Philosophical Transactions, where he analysed birth data and demonstrated that males were born at a greater rate than females.

The health data of over one million residents around the Cologne airport were analysed for health effects correlating with aircraft noise.

Analysis can often require some summarising, and for music ( as with many other forms of data ) this is achieved by feature extraction, especially when the audio content itself is analysed and machine learning is to be applied.

More data has probably been analysed for the Hoatzin than for any other non-ratite bird.

The data acquired for quantitative marketing research can be analysed by almost any of the range of techniques of statistical analysis, which can be broadly divided into descriptive statistics and statistical inference.

Only after all the data have been recorded ( and in some cases, analysed ) do the researchers learn which individuals are which.

Robert Axelrod regards social simulation as a third way of doing science, differing from both the deductive and inductive approach ; generating data that can be analysed inductively, but coming from a rigorously specified set of rules rather than from direct measurement of the real world.

SIL's principal contribution to linguistics has been the data that has been gathered and analysed from over 1, 000 minority and endangered languages,

After gating the cell population according to forward-and side-scatter the resulting data can be analysed ( E. g.

Thornberry and Christenson ( 1984 ) analysed data from a longitudinal cohort study of delinquency in Philadelphia and found ( at p405 ):

If a series is analysed which is known to be random – fair dice falls, or computer-generated pseudo-random numbers – and a trend line is fitted through the data, the chances of a truly zero estimated trend are negligible.

These 100, 000 series can then be analysed individually to calculate the trends in each series, and these results establish empirically a distribution of trends that are to be expected from such random data – see diagram.

Suppose the actual series of observed data that needs to be analysed has approximately the same variance properties as the random series used in the above empirical investigation.

In 1998, astronomers analysed data from the SOHO spacecraft's LASCO instrument, which is a set of three coronagraphs.

The name comes from Greek Bosporos ( Βόσπορος ), which the ancient Greeks analysed as bous ' ox ' + poros ' means of passing a river, ford, ferry ', thus meaning ' ox-ford ', which is a reference to Io ( mythology ) from Greek mythology who was transformed into a cow and condemned to wander the earth until she crossed the Bosphorus where she met Prometheus.

To do so, mind maps can be analysed with classic methods of information retrieval to classify a mind map's author or documents that are linked from within the mind map.

In 1976, Dale Cruikshank, Carl Pilcher and David Morrison of the University of Hawaii analysed spectra from Pluto's surface and determined that it must contain methane ice, which is highly reflective.

Starostin ( 1996 ) proposed that both the Kiranti languages and Chinese are divergent from a " core " Tibeto-Burman of at least Bodish, Lolo – Burmese, Tamangic, Jinghpaw, Kukish, and Karen ( other families were not analysed ) in a hypothesis called Sino-Kiranti.

Despite the difficulties, these problems can be analysed in terms of how model-building observers infer from measurements the computational capabilities embedded in non-linear processes.

For example, the termites in a mound have physiology, biochemistry and biological development that are at one level of analysis, but their social behavior and mound building is a property that emerges from the collection of termites and needs to be analysed at a different level.

Blood samples taken in 1971 and 2008 from Easter Islanders without any European or other external descent were analysed in a 2011 study, which concluded that the evidence supported some aspects of Heyerdahl's hypothesis.

Heppenheimer analysed Bussard's original suggestion of fusing protons, but found the bremsstrahlung losses from compressing protons to fusion densities was greater than the power that could be produced by a factor of about 1 billion, thus indicating that the proposed version of the Bussard ramjet was infeasible.

* In 2002, the body of James Hanratty, hanged in 1962 for the " A6 murder ", was exhumed and DNA samples from the body and members of his family were analysed.

In a 2002 study, maternal genetic analysis of Saka period male and female skeletal remains from a double inhumation kurgan located at the Beral site in Kazakhstan was analysed.

A recent study in 2009 analysed 555 French individuals from 7 different regions in mainland France and found the following Y-DNA Haplogroups.

Continuation Bond author Raymond Benson analysed Fleming's writing style and identified what he described as the " Fleming Sweep ", a stylistic point that sweeps the reader from one chapter to another using ' hooks ' at the end of chapters to heighten tension and pull the reader into the next.

Spastic movement disorders also typically feature a loss of stabilisation of an affected limb or the head from the trunk, so a thorough assessment requires this to be analysed as well.

Three years later, in Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, Schumpeter introduced the term " creative destruction ", which he explicitly derived from Marxist thought ( analysed extensively in Part I of the book ) and used it to describe the disruptive process of transformation that accompanies such innovation:

The term Françafrique is derived from the essay La Françafrique, le plus long scandale de la République ( French Africa: The Longest Scandal of the Republic, 1998 ), by François-Xavier Verschave, which critically analysed French neo-colonial policies towards the countries of Africa.

Bone recovered from archaeological sites can be analysed isotopically for information regarding diet and migration.

The philosopher Ludwig Feuerbach ( 1804 – 1872 ) analysed religion from the psychologic perspective in The Essence of Christianity ( 1841 ) — divinity is Man ’ s projection of his human nature.

Most of these were simple records of patient and laborious analytical operations, and it is perhaps surprising that among all the substances he analysed he only detected two new elements, beryllium in 1798 in beryl and chromium in 1797 in a red lead ore from Siberia.

In the years of 1937-1938 Fischer and his colleagues analysed 600 children in Nazi Germany descending from French-African soldiers who occupied western areas of Germany after First World War ; all children were illegally subjected to sterilization afterwards

Paleographer Ada Yardeni analysed and listed dozens of manuscripts from most of the caves ( 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, and 11 ) that she assigns to a single scribe who she refers to as a " Qumran scribe ".