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Page "Internationalized domain name" ¶ 67
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2006-11 and .
The most recent LTP is that for the period 2006-11.
File: Istanbul Sapphire4. jpg | Istanbul Sapphire ( 2006-11 ) is the tallest building in Turkey and 4th in Europe.
The Geographical Association, in conjunction with the Royal Geographical Society ( RGS-IBG ) has been awarded Government funding to support a range of projects as part of the Action Plan for Geography ( APG ) covering the period 2006-11.
From 2006-11, a third game ( no fixed teams ) was established on the NFL Network.
Recent presenters have been Madonna King ( 2006-11 ), Steve Austin ( 2004-5 ), Kirsten Macgregor ( 2003 ), Susan Mitchell ( 2002 ), Andrew Carroll ( 2000-1 ), Cathy Border ( 2000 ), John Barton, Carolyn Tucker ( 1999 ), Anna Reynolds and Rod Henshaw.
File: Aakre stop, 2006-11. jpg | Aakre train station

ICANN and GNSO
* 2007-03: ICANN GNSO IDN Working Group completes work, Ram Mohan presents report at ICANN Lisboa meeting.
Robin Gross has represented the Non-Commercial Users Constituency ( NCUC ) on the ICANN GNSO Policy Council since 2005, and she is a member of the Advisory Group to the United Nations Internet Governance Forum ( IGF ).
Dr Bruce Tonkin, who joined Melbourne IT in 1999 as Chief Technology Officer, was elected convenor of ICANN ’ s important GNSO ( Generic Names Support Organization ) constituency from June 2004 to June 2007, and will serve on the ICANN Boards as the GNSO ’ s elected representative from May 2008.

ICANN and IDN
In 2009 ICANN approved the installation of IDN country code top-level domains.
ICANN started to accept applications for IDN ccTLDs in November 2009, and installed the first set into the Domain Names System in May 2010.
In the process of testing internationalized top-level domains, ICANN implemented a set of IDN top-level domains that are translations of the name example. test into each language's script.
In October 2009, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN ) approved the creation of internationalized country code top-level domains ( IDN ccTLDs ) in the Internet that use the IDNA standard for native language scripts.
* 2001-03: ICANN Board IDN Working Group formed
* 2001-11: ICANN IDN Committee formed
* 2003-06: Publication of ICANN IDN Guidelines for registries Adopted by. cn,. info,. jp,. org, and. tw registries.
* 2006-06: Workshop on IDN at ICANN meeting at Marrakech, Morocco
* 2008-01: ICANN: Successful Evaluations of. test IDN TLDs
* 2008-06: ICANN board votes to develop final fast-track implementation proposal for a limited number of IDN ccTLDS.
* 2008-10: ICANN Seeks Interest in IDN ccTLD Fast-Track Process
* 2009-09: ICANN puts IDN ccTLD proposal on agenda for Seoul meeting in October 2009
* 2009-10: ICANN approves the registration of IDN names in the root of the DNS through the IDN ccTLD Fast-Track process at its meeting in Seoul, Oct. 26 – 30, 2009.
* 2010-01: ICANN announces that Egypt, the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates were the first countries to have passed the Fast Track String Evaluation within the IDN ccTLD domain application process.
However, in March 2010,. NU Domain announced at ICANN that they had recently disabled their general wildcard domain name resolution technology, and thus were implementing IDNs only by the now standard punycode implementation, and were reducing the accepted set of IDN characters for. NU Domain names to a subset of the ISO-8859-1 western European characters.
ICANN started to accept applications for IDN ccTLDs in November 2009, and installed the first set into the Domain Names System in May 2010.
In January 2010 ICANN announced that the UAE IDN ccTLD ( DNS name: xn -- mgbaam7a8h, امارات ) was one of the first four new IDN ccTLDs to have passed the Fast Track String Evaluation within the domain application process.
Saudi Arabia was one of the first countries to apply for the new internationalized domain name ( IDN ) country code top-level domains authorized by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN ) in 2009.
In January 2010, ICANN announced that the Saudi IDN ccTLD ( xn -- mgberp4a5d4ar, السعودية ) one of the first four new IDN ccTLDs to have passed the Fast Track String Evaluation within the domain application process.

ICANN and Group
He chairs the Anti-Spam Research Group ( ASRG ) of the Internet Research Task Force ( IRTF ), is president of CAUCE ( the Coalition Against Unsolicited Commercial Email ), was a member of the ICANN ( Internet Corporation For Assigned Names and Numbers ) At-Large Advisory Committee, and runs Taughannock Networks.

ICANN and created
The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN, ) is a nonprofit private organization headquartered in Los Angeles, California, United States, that was created on September 18, 1998, and incorporated on September 30, 1998 to oversee a number of Internet-related tasks previously performed directly on behalf of the U. S. government by other organizations, notably the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ( IANA ), which ICANN now operates.
Prior to the establishment of ICANN for this purpose, IANA was administered primarily by Jon Postel at the Information Sciences Institute ( ISI ) of the University of Southern California ( USC ), under a contract USC / ISI had with the United States Department of Defense, until ICANN was created to assume the responsibility under a United States Department of Commerce contract.
A top-level domain with the name biz, created by Pacific Root, was in operation before ICANN approved the official domain biz, operated by Neulevel.
* Monthly ( but with approximately a three-month delay ), ICANN posts reports created by the registries of 16 gTLDs.
The most significant example is the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy ( UDRP ) created by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN ).
* < tt >. biz </ tt > ( unrelated to the subsequent, official. biz gTLD created by the ICANN )

ICANN and policy
ICANN was formed in response to this policy.
Per its original Bylaws, primary responsibility for policy formation in ICANN was to be delegated to three supporting organizations ( Address Supporting Organization, Domain Name Supporting Organization, and Protocol Supporting Organization ), each of which was to develop and recommend substantive policies and procedures for the management of the identifiers within their respective scope.
ICANN's Government Advisory Committee is currently set up to provide advice to ICANN regarding public policy issues and has participation by many of the world's governments.
Some have attempted to argue that ICANN was never given the authority to decide policy, e. g., choose new TLDs or shut out other interested parties who refuse to pay ICANN's US $ 185, 000 fee, but was to be a technical caretaker.
According to ICANN policy, a domain registrant must agree to be bound by the UDRP — they cannot get a domain name without agreeing to this.
During the 32nd International Public ICANN Meeting in Paris in 2008, ICANN started a new process of TLD naming policy to take a " significant step forward on the introduction of new generic top-level domains.
* that the redirection was contrary to the proper operation of the DNS, ICANN policy, and the Internet architecture in general ;
ICANN is the chief rule-making body for internet policy worldwide.
ICANN does not see a way to approve the. EH ccTLD delegation to one of the applicants without violating its long-standing policy unless the contesting parties are able to reach an agreement. The two applicants remain armed belligerents ; no such agreement has been reached and the domain remains inactive.
ICANN has implemented a policy prohibiting any potential internationalized TLD from choosing letters that could resemble an existing Latin TLD and thus be used for homograph attacks.
Its policy has been developed by ICANN and Fundació puntCAT.

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