In the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics, the Brownian ratchet or Feynman-Smoluchowski ratchet is a thought experiment about an apparent perpetual motion machine first analysed in 1912 by Polish physicist Marian Smoluchowski and popularised by American Nobel laureate physicist Richard Feynman in a physics lecture at the California Institute of Technology on May 11, 1962, and in his text The Feynman Lectures on Physics as an illustration of the laws of thermodynamics.

* Michael C. Cross, Landau theory of second order phase transitions, ( Caltech statistical mechanics lecture notes ).

Later, his lecture notes, especially those for quantum mechanics, nuclear physics, and thermodynamics, were transcribed into books which are still in print.

The Soma cube is a solid dissection puzzle invented by Piet Hein in 1933 during a lecture on quantum mechanics conducted by Werner Heisenberg.

*" Pilot waves, Bohmian metaphysics, and the foundations of quantum mechanics ", lecture course on de Broglie-Bohm theory by Mike Towler, Cambridge University.

It is almost certain that Hero taught at the Musaeum which included the famous Library of Alexandria, because most of his writings appear as lecture notes for courses in mathematics, mechanics, physics and pneumatics.

*" Pilot waves, Bohmian metaphysics, and the foundations of quantum mechanics ", lecture course on Pilot wave theory by Mike Towler, Cambridge University ( 2009 ).

The lecture series were at two levels, the lower level including introductory wave mechanics, perturbation theory of quantum mechanical systems, spin of the electron and Dirac's relativistic wave equation.

Many institutions are celebrating by holding lecture series on Einstein, the history of special relativity and quantum mechanics and other public events surrounding the history of physics.

Woods pointed out some awkward features of rational thermodynamics in a paper entitled “ The bogus axioms of continuum mechanics .” 57 And Ronald Samuel Rivlin ( 1915 – 2005 ) delighted a worldwide audience with a frequently repeated humorous lecture under the title “ On red herrings and other sundry unidentified fish in modern continuum mechanics .”

He went on to lecture in the history of mechanics there from 1896 to 1899, after working as assistant to Giuseppe Peano and Vito Volterra.

The global campus online, led by American universities, allows free access to class materials and lecture files recorded during the actual classes.

This allows children to view the lecture ahead of time and then spend class time practicing, refining, and applying what they have previously learned.

In some of his work in particular his provocative lecture on " The Nation State and Economic Policy " delivered in 1895, Weber criticizes the immigration of Poles and blames the Junker class for perpetuating Slavic immigration to serve their selfish interests.

The instructor does not directly lecture the class but rather poses thought-provoking questions or topics, which the group then discusses.

In the Cambridge physiological laboratory too he had to lecture to a large elementary class.

Bates and Poole ( 2003 ) and the OECD ( 2005 ) suggest that different types or forms of e-learning can be considered as a continuum, from no e-learning, i. e. no use of computers and / or the Internet for teaching and learning, through classroom aids, such as making classroom lecture Powerpoint slides available to students through a course web site or learning management system, to laptop programs, where students are required to bring laptops to class and use them as part of a face-to-face class, to hybrid learning, where classroom time is reduced but not eliminated, with more time devoted to online learning, through to fully online learning, which is a form of distance education.

If they need to listen to a lecture a second time, or think about a question for awhile, they may do so without fearing that they will hold back the rest of the class.

During his junior year, he was sitting in English class, listening to a lecture on Beowulf, when he suddenly realized he was wasting his time.

In some Canadian universities, such as the University of Waterloo or the University of Toronto, a tutorial refers to something more like a recitation in an American university, that is, a class of between 12-18 students that is supplemental to a large lecture course, which gives students the opportunity to discuss the lectures and / or additional readings in smaller groups.

In a learning environment, a common cause of boredom is lack of understanding ; for instance, if one is not following or connecting to the material in a class or lecture, it will usually seem boring.

: G. J. Warnock's Foreword – Having taken a course from Austin on this topic at Oxford in 1947, Sir Geoffrey Warnock ( 1923-95 ) says he put Austin's fragmentary lecture notes into sentence form, with the help of class notes from later students of the course, and claims to relate faithfully Austin's " argument " though not his exact wording.

The latter class of stores tend to be very consciously community-oriented businesses, sponsoring lecture series and being actively involved in sex-related health issues, etc.

Meeting in Moore Hall, a lecture hall specifically redesigned for the course, the class meets five days a week, with one day being typically reserved for seminar work and / or exams.

* Academic quarter ( class timing ), term used by universities in various European countries for the 15 minutes between the defined start time for a lecture and the actual time it will start

A former lecturer remembers the importance of being particularly precise if addressing a class that included Josephson ; if a mistake was made, Josephson would not be afraid to politely point it out after the lecture.

He hoped to lecture to the working classes, but found that his lectures were attended by middle class people, many of whom showed little active interest in the subjects he taught.

By granting 24 hours lab facility and access to the network from each class room and lecture theater information is made easily accessible from any point within the campus.

In addition to lecture halls and classes, the IUM building has a library, a computer class, a cafeteria, a small publishing house, and a book shop for math books.

He also teaches a lecture class at the New School University called " The Old Weird America: Music as Democratic Speech – from the Commonplace Song to Bob Dylan.

While teaching a class in November 2010, a woman carrying a knife entered the lecture intending to stab Wang.

While schedules vary from class to class, most courses consist of around 30 hours of lecture, along with additional time spent in the laboratory, studying audio-visual media, or other activities.

Jackson teaches a lecture class at the university on " The History of the City of New York.

This lecture so fanned the flame of his interest in the integration of Eastern and Western thought, that he enrolled in the class and subsequently began meditation.

The convicts were put in chains, paraded before the congregation at the Reverend Cotton's lecture as an example, and sent to prisons in various towns, where they languished all winter, chains included.

The sequence of events leading to his important discovery still remains ambiguous but it seems that one of the advanced students at the university related that the first direct event that led to the publication of Oersted's discovery occurred during a private lecture made before a group of other advanced students in the spring of 1820.

Emerson, in his lecture, refers to the `` startling experience which almost every person confesses in daylight, that particular passages of conversation and action have occurred to him in the same order before, whether dreaming or waking, a suspicion that they have been with precisely these persons in precisely this room, and heard precisely this dialogue, at some former hour, they know not when ''.

And at this point, Lucy thought, there should be a lecture on little cousins' sharing dolls -- but she could sympathize with Susan ; ;

* The full text of a lecture by John Melville-Jones on the life of this emperor is located at:.

The following month, Capp was charged in Eau Claire, Wisconsin in connection with another alleged incident following his April 1 lecture at Wisconsin State University-Eau Claire.

* Steinsaltz's lecture in winter 2005 at Florida International University

After the French chemists Louis Nicolas Vauquelin, Louis Jacques Thénard, and Joseph-Louis Gay-Lussac approved the experiments of the young pharmacist Balard, the results were presented at a lecture of the Académie des Sciences and published in Annales de Chimie et Physique.

Buckminster Fuller, lecture tour 1972-3, University of California at Santa Barbara.

" In an 1880 lecture at Harvard, he wrote:

* China Rediscovers its Own History 100 minute lecture on Chinese history given by renowned scholar / author Yu Ying-shih, Emeritus Professor of East Asian Studies and History at Princeton University.

* ( iTunes link ) Podcast lecture on Candide, from Dr Martin Evans at Stanford University

The lecture that evening was on " Fairy Life ", and at the end of the meeting Polly Wright showed the two fairy photographs taken by her daughter and niece to the speaker.

After attending one such lecture, UFO investigator Robert Sheaffer wrote " Some of his “ rods ” were obviously insects zipping across the field at a high angular rate.

Only a year later, at the age of 39, Doppler gave a lecture to the Royal Bohemian Society of Sciences and subsequently published his most notable work, " Über das farbige Licht der Doppelsterne und einiger anderer Gestirne des Himmels " ( On the coloured light of the binary stars and some other stars of the heavens ).

* Kainam Thomas Wong: Statistical Signal Processing lecture notes at the University of Waterloo, Canada.

The paper was originally presented as a Herbert Spencer lecture at Oxford in November 1979.

Nils Berglund's lecture notes for a course at ETH at the advanced undergraduate level.

A close-up shot can also be used at the beginning of a scene to establish the setting ( such as, for the lecture hall scene, a shot of a pencil writing notes ).

Raymond has spoken in more than fifteen countries on six continents, including a lecture at Microsoft.

During a 1961 lecture for undergraduate students at the California Institute of Technology, Richard Feynman, a celebrated physics teacher and Nobel Laureate, said this about the concept of energy:

Meitner's and Frisch's interpretation of the work of Hahn and Strassmann crossed the Atlantic Ocean with Niels Bohr, who was to lecture at Princeton University.

In that period, Niels Bohr was on a lecture engagement at the Princeton University and I remember one afternoon Willis Lamb came back very excited and said that Bohr had leaked out great news.

He was also known to be an inspiring teacher at the University of Chicago, and was known for his attention to detail, simplicity, and careful preparation for a lecture.