Bernard Lewis states that the Muslim laity and Islamic authorities have always had great difficulty in accommodating post-Islamic monotheistic religions such as the Bahá ' í Faith, since the followers of such religions cannot be dismissed either as benighted heathens, like the polytheists of Asia and the animists of Africa, nor as outdated precursors, like the Jews and Christians.

Bernard Lewis notes that " similar position existed under the laws of Byzantine Empire, according to which a Christian could marry a Jewish woman, but a Jew could not marry a Christian woman under pain of death ".

Finkelstein believes there to be only one " truly mainstream " holocaust denier — Bernard Lewis, who was convicted in France of denying the Armenian genocide.

According to historian Bernard Lewis, Islamism, ( or as he terms it " activist " Islam ), along with " quietism ," form two " particular ... political traditions " in Islam.

" The prominent British-American orientalist Bernard Lewis argues that in the hadiths and the classical manuals of Islamic law jihad has a military meaning in the large majority of cases.

Middle East historian Bernard Lewis argues that " the overwhelming majority of classical theologians, jurists, and traditionalists ( specialists in the hadith ) understood the obligation of jihad in a military sense.

Bernard Lewis ' interpretation on Jihad is partially correct according to Fiqh Made Easy: A Basic Textbook of Islamic Law which describes Jihad as being " divided into four types:

* Saint Bernard of Clairvaux, On Consideration, ( addressed to Pope Eugene III ), George Lewis, trans., Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1908.

* Lewis, Bernard.

** Bernard Lewis, British historian

Said was critical of both this scholarly tradition and of some modern scholars, particularly Bernard Lewis.

So inflated had this association grown, that in the work of orientalist scholars such as Bernard Lewis, the Ismailis were equated to the politically active fida ' is and thus regarded as a radical and heretical sect known as the Assassins.

Islamic historian Bernard Lewis cites the roll of honor at Alamut containing the names of fifty well-performed assassinations of known political enemies during the thirty-five years reign of Hassan.

So inflated had this association grown, that in the work of orientalist scholars such as Bernard Lewis the Ismailis were virtually equated to the politically active fida ' is.

According to Bernard Lewis, " The Arab historians, if they mention this engagement Battle of Tours at all, present it as a minor skirmish ," and Gustave von Grunebaum writes: " This setback may have been important from the European point of view, but for Muslims at the time, who saw no master plan imperilled thereby, it had no further significance.

* Lewis, Bernard ( 1994 ).

The phrase itself was earlier used by Bernard Lewis in an article in the September 1990 issue of The Atlantic Monthly titled " The Roots of Muslim Rage ".

* Bernard, Christian ( 2001 ) Rosicrucian Order AMORC: Questions and Answers Grand Lodge of the English Language Jurisdiction, AMORC, San Jose, California, ISBN 978-1-893971-02-8 ; based upon the earlier versions by Harve Spencer Lewis 1929 and following, and Heindel, Max ( 1910 ) ' The Rosicrucian philosophy in questions and answers M. A.

Among those to have been recognized by the WBC as world champions were the Undefeated Rocky Marciano ( 49-0 ), Roy Jones, Jr., Wilfred Benítez, Wilfredo Gómez, Julio César Chávez, Muhammad Ali, Joe Frazier, Sugar Ray Leonard, Mike Tyson, Salvador Sánchez, Héctor Camacho, Marvin Hagler, Carlos Monzón, Roberto Durán, Juan Laporte, Félix Trinidad, Edwin Rosario, Bernard Hopkins, Alexis Argüello, Nigel Benn, Lennox Lewis, Vitali Klitschko, Erik Morales, Manny Pacquiao and Floyd Mayweather Jr.

* Bernard Lewis ( born 1916 ), historian of Islam and the Middle East, born in Stoke Newington.

Other contributors during this period included Alfred Henry Lewis, Sinclair Lewis, A. J. Cronin, David Graham Phillips, George Bernard Shaw, Upton Sinclair, and Ida Tarbell.

* Lewis, Bernard ( 1984 ): The Jews of Islam.

Yeats, Cecil Day Lewis, Bernard Shaw, Samuel Beckett, Giles Cooper, C. S. Lewis, Lord Longford and Elizabeth Bowen.

Chief among his early influences were Harvey Kurtzman, Will Eisner, and Bernard Krigstein's " Master Race ".

** " The Great Gas Bag Race " ( 1964 ), first published in Boy's Life ( March 1966 ), with illustrations by Bernard Fuchs

Race and Slavery in the Middle East: an Historical Enquiry is a 1990 book written by the British historian Bernard Lewis.

Bernard Krigstein's " Master Race " ( Impact ( comic ) | Impact # 1 ( April 1955 ).

Page four of " Master Race ," illustrated by Bernard Krigstein, which appeared in the first issue of Impact.

* Holmes, Robert A., " Reapportionment Strategies for the 1990s: The Case of Georgia ", chapter in Race and Redistricting in the 1990's edited by Bernard Grofman Algora Publishing ( August 2003 ) ISBN 978-0-87586-262-0

Bernard would expand upon Anselm of Canterbury's role in transmuting the sacramentally ritual Christianity of the Early Middle Ages into a new, more personally held faith, with the life of Christ as a model and a new emphasis on the Virgin Mary.

" Christopher Tyerman calls him " the historian's historian ", and " the greatest crusade historian of all ," and Bernard Hamilton says he " is justly considered one of the finest historians of the Middle Ages ".

* Bernard S. Bachrach, A History of the Alans in the West, from their first appearance in the sources of classical antiquity through the early Middle Ages, University of Minnesota Press, 1973 ISBN 0-8166-0678-1

The Western comparative method was brought into China by Bernard Karlgren, the first scholar to reconstruct Middle Chinese and Old Chinese with Latin alphabet ( not IPA ).

Saint Bernard Preparatory School, a Benedictine boarding and day school ( Ninth Grade-Twelfth Grade ), Saint Bernard Middle School ( Seventh and Eighth Grade ), Sacred Heart Elementary School ( Pre-K-Sixth Grade ), Saint Paul's Lutheran School ( Pre-K-Sixth Grade ), and Cullman Christian School ( Pre-K-Twelfth Grade ).

“ Figural Typology in the Middle English “ Patience .” In “ The Alliterative Tradition in the Fourteenth Century ,” edited by Bernard S. Levy and Paul E. Szarmach.

** Dr. Bernard J. DuBray Middle School – ( 06-08 ) – St. Peters

Among the works attributed to Bernard later in the Middle Ages were a commentary on Virgil's Aeneid ( Bernard's authorship of which has been questioned by modern scholars ) and a commentary on Martianus Capella's De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii.

A new command team arrived in the Middle East, with Lieutenant General Sir Bernard Montgomery assuming command of the Eighth Army.

New Chronologist Bernard Newgrosh argues that such a hypothesis is plausible because the Ashuruballit of the Amarna letter gives a different name for his father than is given for Ashuruballit I in the Assyrian King List, and that the historical setting recorded in the annals of the early Middle Assyrian ruler differs from information gleaned from the Amarna correspondent ’ s letters.

: Western Impact and Middle Eastern Response is a book by Bernard Lewis released in January 2002, shortly after the September 11 terrorist attack, but written shortly before.

* Bernard Guenée, Between Church and State: The Lives of Four French Prelates in the Late Middle Ages, Translated by Arthur Goldhammer, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.

The school's name is Dr. Bernard A. Harris Middle School.

The Bernard Harris Middle School opened August 14, 2006, to have a capacity of 1500 students.

The High Middle Ages saw a flourishing of mystical practice and theorization corresponding to the flourishing of new monastic orders, with such figures as Guigo II, Hildegard of Bingen, Bernard of Clairvaux, the Victorines, and Bonaventure, all coming from different orders, as well as the first real flowering of popular piety among the laypeople.

Bernard Gui (; 1261 or 1262 – 30 December 1331 ), also known as Bernardo Gui or Bernardus Guidonis, was an inquisitor of the Dominican Order in the Late Middle Ages during the Medieval Inquisition, Bishop of Lodève, and one of the most prolific writers of the Middle Ages.

* Bernard Reich, ed., Political Leaders of the Contemporary Middle East and North Africa: A Biographical Dictionary New York, 1990.

During her time in the Egypt, Manning became a contributor to two Middle East-based literary magazines, " Desert Poets " and " Personal Landscapes ", founded by Bernard Spencer, Lawrence Durrell, and Robin Fedden.

* The Households of the Counts of Armagnac in the Late Middle Ages-abstract of a paper analyzing the household expenses of Count Bernard VII, from the Société Internationale des Médiévistes.

* Lewis, Bernard ( 1993 ) Islam in History: ideas, people and events in the Middle East.