* CRS Annotated Constitution: Article 2

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Article 3, law. cornell. edu

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Article 4

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Article 5

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Article 6

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Third Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Fourth Amendment, Cornell University

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Sixth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Seventh Amendment

* " CRS Annotated Constitution: 9th Amendment " by the Congressional Research Service ( 2000 )

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Eleventh Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twelfth Amendment, via Cornell Law School

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Thirteenth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Fourteenth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Fifteenth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: 18th Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twentieth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twenty first Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twenty-second Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twenty-fifth Amendment

* CRS Annotated Constitution: Twenty-sixth Amendment

* Analysis and Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States: Annotated constitution, with descriptions of important cases ( official publication of U. S. Senate )

* Annotated Constitution by the Congressional Research Service of the U. S. Library of Congress ( hyperlinked version published by Cornell University )

* Cornell Law School – Annotated Constitution

Finally, ratification of the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in 1913 made possible modern income taxes, by placing the income tax firmly in the class of indirect excises where it always belonged, and thus needing no apportionment.

The Sixteenth Amendment ( Amendment XVI ) to the United States Constitution allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states or basing it on Census results.

" The court ruled that Ms. Murphy was not entitled to the tax refund she claimed, and that the personal injury award she received was " within the reach of the congressional power to tax under Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution " -- even if the award was " not income within the meaning of the Sixteenth Amendment ".

Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

It was quickly ratified by the states, and on February 3, 1913, it became a part of the Constitution as the Sixteenth Amendment.

" The Formation and Constitution of the Burgundian State ( Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries ).

# REDIRECT Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

In America, Coke's decision in Dr. Bonham's Case was used to justify the voiding of the Stamp Act 1765 and writs of assistance, which led to the American War of Independence, and after the establishment of the United States his decisions and writings profoundly influenced the Third and Fourth amendments to the United States Constitution while necessitating the Sixteenth.

The decision was superseded in 1913 by the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

166 ( October 3, 1913 ), enacted pursuant to Article I, section 8, clause 1 of, and the Sixteenth Amendment to, the United States Constitution, allowing a federal income tax.

: As construed by the Supreme Court in the Brushaber case, the power of Congress to tax income derives from Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, of the original Constitution rather than from the Sixteenth Amendment ; the latter simply eliminated the requirement that an income tax, to the extent that it is a direct tax, must be apportioned among the states.

Nothing in the Sixteenth Amendment or in Brushaber ( and the other cases interpreting the tax provisions of the U. S. Constitution ) changes the general rule that direct taxes are still required to be apportioned among the states by population.

# REDIRECT Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

" The Formation and Constitution of the Burgundian State ( Fifteenth and Sixteenth Centuries ).

In a 1910 letter published by the New York Times, Root supported the proposed income tax amendment, which became the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution:

Significant changes enacted at the national levels included the imposition of an income tax with the Sixteenth Amendment, direct election of Senators with the Seventeenth Amendment, Prohibition with the Eighteenth Amendment, and women's suffrage through the Nineteenth Amendment to the U. S. Constitution.

The Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland provided that a court could refuse bail to a suspect where it feared that while at liberty they would commit a serious criminal offence.

It was effected by the Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution Act, 1996, which was approved by referendum on 28 November 1996 and signed into law on the 12 December of the same year.

* Sixteenth Amendment of the Constitution Act, 1996 ( Full text at IrishStatuteBook. ie )

These progressive politics also helped pass the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Amendments to the American Constitution.

* Progressive taxation, where the wealthier pay a higher rate of tax than the less-affluent, made possible on the federal level in part by the adoption of the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Regardless, the ruling in Pollock led to the need for a constitutional amendment to impose a federal income tax, and in 1913, the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was ratified.

In 1913, the United States ratified the Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which allowed taxation of income without regard to source ( i. e., whether income from property or income from vocations and employment ), and without regard to a state's population.

Although the Eisner v. Macomber Court acknowledged the power of the Federal Government to tax income under the Sixteenth Amendment, the Court essentially said this did not give Congress the power to tax — as income — anything other than income, i. e., that Congress did not have the power to re-define the term income as it appeared in the Constitution: