Through Ampère, Ozanam had contact with leaders of the neo-Catholic movement, such as François-René de Chateaubriand, Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire, and Charles Forbes René de Montalembert.

Ampère also applied this same principle to magnetism, showing the harmony between his law and French physicist Charles Augustin de Coulomb ’ s law of magnetic action.

* 1866 – Charles Jean de la Vallée-Poussin, Belgian mathematician ( d. 1962 )

* 1969 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as President of France.

* 1789 – Stéphanie de Beauharnais, French wife of Charles, Grand Duke of Baden ( d. 1860 )

In the middle and late 19th century, several renowned Mesoamerican scholars, starting with Charles Etienne Brasseur de Bourbourg, and including Edward Herbert Thompson and Augustus Le Plongeon proposed that Atlantis was somehow related to Mayan and Aztec culture.

The Arc de Triomphe from the Place Charles de Gaulle

It stands in the centre of the Place Charles de Gaulle ( originally named Place de l ' Étoile ), at the western end of the Champs-Élysées.

The Arc de Triomphe is so colossal that three weeks after the Paris victory parade in 1919, ( marking the end of hostilities in World War I ), Charles Godefroy flew his Nieuport biplane through it, with the event captured on newsreel.

Avenues radiate from the Arc de Triomphe in Place Charles de Gaulle | Place de l ' Étoile.

In 1961, President John F. Kennedy and First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy of the United States paid their respects at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, accompanied by French President Charles de Gaulle.

President Charles de Gaulle went to Washington to attend the state funeral, and witnessed Jacqueline Kennedy lighting the eternal flame that had been inspired by her visit to France.

The Arc de Triomphe is accessible by the RER and Métro, with exit at the Charles de Gaulle — Étoile station.

Bardot expressed support for President Charles de Gaulle in the 1960s.

Colonel Charles de Gaulle was a known advocate of concentration of armor and airplanes.

These reformed French Breviaries — e. g. the Paris Breviary of 1680 by Archbishop François de Harlay ( 1625 – 1695 ) and that of 1736 by Archbishop Charles Gaspard Guillaume de Vintimille ( 1655 – 1746 )— show a deep knowledge of Holy Scripture, and much careful adaptation of different texts.

Both Bruno de Finetti and Frank P. Ramsey acknowledge their debts to pragmatic philosophy, particularly ( for Ramsey ) to Charles S. Peirce.

#* Charles Louis Napoléon ( III ) Bonaparte ( 1808 – 1873 ) Emperor, married Maria Eugenia Ignacia Augustina Palafox de Guzmán Portocarrero y Kirkpatrick

* 1745 – Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan – the start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as " the 45 ".

* 1996 – Charles, Prince of Wales and Diana, Princess of Wales divorce.

* 2005 – Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla Parker Bowles ; Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor's Guildhall.

In addition to James II himself ( who died a few months after the act received the royal assent ) and his Catholic children Prince James and Princess Louisa, the act also excluded the descendents of James ' sister Henrietta, the youngest daughter of Charles I. Henrietta's daughter Anne was then the Queen of Sardinia and a Catholic ; the Jacobite heirs of today are descended from her line.

In December 1978, there was media speculation that Prince Charles, Prince of Wales, might marry a Roman Catholic, although the rumours were never verified.

The Times reported on 6 November 1995 that Prince Charles had stated on that day to Tony Blair and Paddy Ashdown, after the funeral of Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin, that " Catholics should be able to ascend to the British throne ".

When in December 1978 there was media speculation that Prince Charles might marry a Roman Catholic, Powell defended the provision that excludes Roman Catholics from ascending the throne, claiming his objection was not rooted in religious bigotry but in political considerations.

His fellow Knights of the Garter created in 1867 were Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond, Charles Manners, 6th Duke of Rutland, Henry Somerset, 8th Duke of Beaufort, Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, Franz Joseph I of Austria and Alexander II of Russia.

When Austria joined the ranks of the allies during the War of the Sixth Coalition, Charles was not given a command and the post of commander-in-chief of the allied Grand Army of Bohemia went to the Prince of Schwarzenberg.

Sir Edmund Blackadder and his servant, Baldrick, are the last two men loyal to the defeated King Charles I of England ( played by Stephen Fry, portrayed as a soft-spoken, ineffective, slightly dim character, with the voice and mannerisms of Charles I's namesake, the current Prince of Wales ).

The mountain was the setting for a children's story, The Old Man of Lochnagar, told originally by Prince Charles to his younger brothers, Andrew and Edward, and published in 1980 with royalties accruing to The Prince's Trust.

Other properties on the estate include Birkhall, formerly home to Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother, and used now by Prince Charles and the Duchess of Cornwall for their summer holidays.

Charles Louis Napoléon ( 1808 – 1873 ), son of Louis Napoléon, was president of France in 1848 – 1852 and emperor in 1852 – 1870, reigning as Napoléon III ; his son, Eugène Bonaparte ( 1856 – 1879 ), styled the Prince Imperial, died fighting the Zulus in Natal, South Africa.

# Maria Paola or Marie Pauline Bonaparte ( 1780 – 1825 ), married in 1797 to French general Charles Leclerc and later married Prince Camillo Borghese.

#* Prince Napoleon Lucien Charles Murat ( 16 May 1803 – 10 April 1878 ), married Caroline Georgina Fraser ( 1810 – 1879 ).

The headship of the family is in dispute between Charles Napoléon, born 1950, great-great-grandson of Jérôme Bonaparte by his second marriage ; and his son Jean-Christophe ( born 1986 ) who was appointed heir in the will of his grandfather Prince Louis Napoléon.

The only other male member of the family is the brother of Charles, Prince Jérôme, ( born 1957 ), unmarried.

Charles also voiced Zipper the Cat in the animation Prince Cinders ( 1993 ) and Asterix in Asterix Conquers America ( 1994 ).

Charles Martel () ( 23 August 686 – 22 October 741 ), also known as Charles the Hammer, was a Frankish military and political leader, who served as Mayor of the Palace under the Merovingian kings and ruled de facto during an interregnum ( 737 – 43 ) at the end of his life, using the title Duke and Prince of the Franks.

* 1662 – Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset ( d. 1748 )

* 1713 – Charles I, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel ( d. 1780 )

The second of the so-called J-missions, the mission was crewed by Commander John Young, Lunar Module Pilot Charles Duke and Command Module Pilot Ken Mattingly.

John Young and Charles Duke spent 71 hours — just under three days — on the lunar surface, during which they conducted three extra-vehicular activities, or moonwalks, totaling 20 hours and 14 minutes.

Ken Mattingly had originally been assigned to the prime crew of Apollo 13, but was exposed to the measles through Charles Duke, at that time on the back-up crew for Apollo 13, who had caught it from one of his children.

One of nineteen astronauts selected by NASA in April 1966, Charles Duke had never flown in space before Apollo 16.

John Young and Charles Duke train at the Rio Grande Gorge in New Mexico.

" Charles Duke soon descended the ladder and joined Young on the surface, becoming the tenth and youngest human to walk on the Moon at age 36.

Charles Duke stands in the shadow of Shadow Rock.

Duke of Alba, commanding Spanish-Imperial forces of Charles I of Spain, defeats the troops of Schmalkaldic League.

Archduke Charles of Austria, Duke of Teschen (, also known as Karl von Österreich-Teschen ) ( Full name: Karl Ludwig Johann Josef Lorenz of Austria ) ( 5 September 1771 – 30 April 1847 ) was an Austrian field-marshal, the third son of emperor Leopold II and his wife Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain.

Charles was born in Florence, Tuscany, where his father was then Grand Duke.

On the battlefield, it is probably fair to say, Charles was comparable in skill and style to Sir Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington-quite conservative and yet exceedingly competent.

Nonetheless Charles is a member of a pantheon of famous Napoleonic figures that includes the Emperor himself, Louis Nicolas Davout, Andre Massena, Karl von Schwarzenberg, Mikhail Kutuzov, Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher and the aforementioned Duke of Wellington.

These were followed by groups of infantry ( dismounted cavalry ) commanded, respectively, by the Dauphin ( later Charles V of France ), the Duke of Orléans and King Jean.

* Charles V, Duke of Lorraine ( 1643 – 1690 )