The Red-winged Blackbird is occasionally a victim of brood parasites, particularly Brown-headed Cowbirds.

Notes on Parasitism by Bronzed Cowbirds Molothrus-Aeneus in El-Salvador.

Parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds can have a significant impact on Pine Siskin productivity, and forest fragmentation has increased their contact with cowbirds.

nest parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds, as well as loss of habitat in the winter range.

Eggs and chicks are vulnerable to chipmunks, raccoons, Blue Jays, American Crows, black rat snakes, Brown-headed Cowbirds, Common Grackles, southern flying squirrels, gray squirrels, least weasels, white-footed mice, domestic cats, Great Horned Owls, and Sharp-shinned Hawks.

Brown-headed Cowbirds are now commonly seen at suburban birdfeeders.

This is unsuitable for young Brown-headed Cowbirds, meaning almost none survive to fledge.

It seems that Brown-headed Cowbirds periodically check on their eggs and young after they have deposited them.

( 1998 ) Cowbirds and Other Brood Parasites.

Brown-headed Cowbirds lay eggs in the nests of these birds in some areas.

Chats are apparently vigilant guards of their nests, as parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds is not as frequent as with other cup nest builders.

This species, though less vulnerable than other cup-nesters, is still sometimes victim to brood parasitism from Brown-headed Cowbirds that have taken advantage of the fragmentation of Eastern forests to expand their range in the last century.

People have also intervened to protect this bird against nest parasitism by Brown-headed Cowbirds, to which these birds are highly susceptible.

* Their nests are often parasitized by Brown-headed Cowbirds.

Interspecific brood-parasites include the Old World cuckoos in Eurasia and Australia, Cowbirds and Black-headed Ducks in the Americas, and indigobirds, whydahs, and the honeyguides in Africa.

Cowbirds use Bell's Vireo nests as their own nurseries.

Cowbirds sometimes lay eggs in Bell's Vireo nests.

Cowbirds are birds belonging to the genus Molothrus in the family Icteridae.

The host ’ s eggs and chicks are not destroyed, but there is considerable doubt about the theory that the young Giant Cowbirds benefit the host ’ s chick by removing and eating parasitic flies.

Nests are often parasitised by Shiny Cowbirds.

Cowbirds often parasitise the nest.

Cowbirds sometimes parasitise the nest.

Bird species include White Terns, Masked Boobies, Sooty Terns, Brown Boobies, Brown Noddies, Black Noddies, Greater Frigates, Coots, Martins, Cuckoos and Yellow Warblers.

To that end, he has kept Xavier out of the field and instead relied on Emma Frost, Psylocke and the Stepford Cuckoos respectively for their own psionic talents.

Cuckoos of prehistoric genera are known since the Late Eocene, some 40-35 million years ago.

The consequences of this were partially addressed in X-Men: Phoenix-Warsong in which a small part of the Phoenix Force joined with the Stepford Cuckoos.

After nearly losing control to the Phoenix power, the Stepford Cuckoos developed a secondary mutation, in which their hearts turned to diamond and they were able to imprison the piece of the Phoenix Force.

During a conflict with several Predators X ( genetically engineered mutant hunters ), the Stepford Cuckoos are overwhelmed and knocked unconscious as the fragment of the Phoenix they captured forcefully escape from the girls ' diamond hearts, much to the horror of Cyclops and the rest of the X-Men.

* Stepford Cuckoos: Possessed a fraction of the Phoenix Force that they had to imprison inside of their diamond hearts.

See X-Men: Phoenix-Warsong The Cuckoos mysteriously lost their connection to the Phoenix fragment, as it escapes their diamond hearts, leaving for parts unknown.

Initially, Emma's original intent was to use the Stepford Cuckoos to lure the Phoenix out of Jean's body to prevent any damage.

Another film by John Carpenter " Village of the Damned ", based on John Wyndham's " The Midwich Cuckoos " shows aliens living on Earth whilst masquerading as human children.

* " Dance Of The Cuckoos " w. m.

Nests are also lost due to agricultural operations such as silage cutting ( the main factor in the species ' decline in western Europe ) or trampling by livestock, and are sometimes parasitised by Cuckoos.

Common Cuckoos ( Cuculus canorus ) have been noted as regular brood parasites of L. e. excubitor in the past ; for reasons unknown this has ceased since the late 1970s or so.

Cuckoos are medium-sized birds that range in size from the Little Bronze Cuckoo, at 17 g and 15 cm ( 6 inches ), to the Channel-billed Cuckoo, at 630 g ( 1. 4 lbs ) and 63 cm ( 25 inches ).

Cuckoos often sun themselves after rain, and the anis hold their wings open in the manner of a vulture or cormorant while drying.

Cuckoos occur in a wide variety of habitats.

Other long migration flights include the Lesser Cuckoo, which flies from Africa to India, and the Common Cuckoos of Europe, which fly non-stop over the Mediterranean Sea and Sahara Desert on their voyage to central Africa.

Cuckoos have evolved various strategies for getting their egg into a host nest.

During the breeding season, Common Cuckoos often settle on an open perch with drooped wings and raised tail.

Common Cuckoos in their first autumn have variable plumage.

The most obvious identification features of juvenile Common Cuckoos are the white nape patch and white feather fringes.

Common Cuckoos moult twice a year: a partial moult in summer and a complete moult in winter.