* three-dimensional particle dynamics

* Methodical Accelerator Design, a CERN scripting language for particle accelerator design and analysis of optics and beam dynamics.

Numerical models of particle dynamics involving lateral differences in friction along the base of Olympus Mons have been shown to reproduce the volcano's present shape and asymmetry fairly well.

The current set of fundamental fields and their dynamics are summarized in a theory called the Standard Model, therefore particle physics is largely the study of the Standard Model's particle content and its possible extensions.

To be specific, the term particle is a misnomer from classical physics because the dynamics of particle physics are governed by quantum mechanics.

On distance scales larger than the string radius, each oscillation mode behaves as a different species of particle, with its mass, spin and charge determined by the string's dynamics.

The design of a successful solid-fuel motor requires application of continuum mechanics, combustion chemistry, materials science, fluid dynamics ( including compressible flow ), heat transfer, geometry ( particle spectrum packing ), and machining.

The Standard Model of particle physics is a theory concerning the electromagnetic, weak, and strong nuclear interactions, which mediate the dynamics of the known subatomic particles.

* 1978 – Peter Goldreich and Scott Tremaine present a Boltzmann equation model of planetary-ring dynamics for indestructible spherical ring particles that do not self-gravitate and find a stability requirement relation between ring optical depth and particle normal restitution coefficient

If a particle were massive enough that its Compton wavelength and Schwarzschild radius were approximately equal, its dynamics would be strongly affected by quantum gravity.

Of the former, the first, published in 1865, was on the dynamics of a particle ; and afterwards there followed a number of concise treatises on thermodynamics, heat, light, properties of matter and dynamics, together with an admirably lucid volume of popular lectures on Recent Advances in Physical Science.

In classical mechanics, the dynamics of a particle ( or system of particles ) are completely determined by the Lagrangian L ( q, q ̇, t ) or equivalently the Hamiltonian H ( q, p, t ), a function of the generalized coordinates q, generalized velocities q ̇ = dq / dt and its conjugate momenta:

If either L or H are independent of a generalized coordinate q, meaning the L and H so not change when q is changed, which in turn means the dynamics of the particle are still the same even when q changes, the corresponding momenta conjugate to those coordinates will be conserved ( this is part of Noether's theorem, and the invariance of motion with respect to the coordinate q is a symmetry ).

This is related to Lorentz invariance, since an infinitely massive particle is always nonrelativistic, and the spin decouples from the dynamics.

The audibility of print noise caused by contact printing depends on a number of factors: 1 ) the amount of print due to conditions of time and storage ; 2 ) the thickness of the base film that acts as magnetic barrier ( thin C-90 cassette tapes are more susceptible than studio mastering tapes that use a base film four times thicker ); 3 ) the stability of the magnetic particle used in the tape coating ; 4 ) the speed of the tape ( the wavelengths of the prints shift so that higher speeds move printed signal closer to the range where the ear is more sensitive ); the dynamics of the musical program ( very quiet passages adjacent to sudden loud signals can expose the print signal transferred from the loud signal ); and the wind of the tape ( A-winds for cassettes with the magnetic layer facing outward have stronger print signals after a loud signal --" post-print "-- than B-winds used in modern open-reel recorders that have stronger " pre-print " signals preceding a loud passage.

For particle dynamics in the atmosphere, and assuming standard temperature and pressure, i. e. 25 ° C and 1 atm, we have ≈ 8 × 10 < sup >− 8 </ sup > m.

In quantum mechanics, the dynamics of a particle in a spherically symmetric potential has a Hamiltonian of the following form:

The animation component has features such as reverse and forward kinematics for character animation, particle systems and dynamics.

Nd: YAG lasers can also be used for flow visualization techniques in fluid dynamics ( for example particle image velocimetry or laser induced fluorescence ).

In physics, the Newtonian dynamics is understood as the dynamics of a particle or a small body according to Newton's laws of motion.

String theory, gravity, and particle physics: including moduli stabilization, supersymmetry breaking, and the microphysics of dark energy in string theory ; dynamics of interacting scalar fields in cosmology and particle physics ; unification of string vacua, singularity resolution, and dualities.

* A particle system which includes support for particle-based hair.

The particle-based nature of SPH makes it ideal to combine with a particle-based gravity solver, for instance tree gravity, particle mesh, or particle-particle particle-mesh.

Ionizing radiation comes from radioactive materials, X-ray tubes, particle accelerators, and is present in the environment.

* Mechanical screening, a unit operation in materials handling which separates product into multiple grades by particle size

Other distributions which can be used to characterise particle size are: the Rosin-Rammler distribution, applied to coarsely dispersed dusts and sprays ; the Nukiyama-Tanasawa distribution, for sprays having extremely broad size ranges ; the power function distribution, which has been applied to atmospheric aerosols ; the exponential distribution, applied to powdered materials and for cloud droplets the Khrgian-Mazin distribution.

Mineral processing involves the processes used to manipulate the particle size of solid raw materials and to separate valuable materials from materials of no value, referred to as gangue.

Usually, particle size reduction, also referred to as comminution, is required to permit efficient separation of the valuable materials from gangue.

The use of smaller particle size packing materials requires the use of higher operational pressure (" backpressure ") and typically improves chromatographic resolution ( i. e. the degree of separation between consecutive analytes emerging from the column ).

Experiment activity included a biomedical technology study, advanced materials research ; particle contamination and ionizing radiation measurements ; and student science project studying zero gravity effects on electronic arcs.

: Traditional particle accelerators with hydrogen ( H ), deuterium ( D ), or tritium ( T ) ion sources may be used to produce neutrons using targets of deuterium, tritium, lithium, beryllium, and other low-Z materials.

Mined uranium ores normally are processed by grinding the ore materials to a uniform particle size and then treating the ore to extract the uranium by chemical leaching.

Because heat capacities of materials tend to mirror the number of atoms or particles they contain, when intensive heat capacities of various substances are expressed directly or indirectly per particle number, they tend to vary within a much more narrow range.

* Magnetic particle inspection, a non-destructive method used to detect defects in ferrous materials

They classify materials by separating them by particle size through a screen mesh.

The experiments conducted with particle accelerators are not regarded as part of accelerator physics, but belong ( according to the objectives of the experiments ) to e. g. particle physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics or materials physics.

Luminescent materials, when struck by an incoming particle, absorb its energy and scintillate, i. e., re-emit the absorbed energy in the form of light.

Modern Lichtenberg Figures can also be created within solid insulating materials, such as acrylic ( polymethyl methacrylate or PMMA ) or glass by injecting them with a beam of high speed electrons from a linear electron beam accelerator ( or Linac, a type of particle accelerator ).

This method is appropriate for fine-grained, non-cohesive materials, with individual particle size less than 10 mm.

Magnetic particle inspection ( MPI ) is a non-destructive testing ( NDT ) process for detecting surface and slightly subsurface discontinuities in ferroelectric materials such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and some of their alloys.

TRIUMF's activities involve particle physics, nuclear physics, nuclear medicine, and materials science.

The science program has expanded from nuclear physics to include particle physics, molecular and materials science, nuclear medicine, and accelerator research.

Thus, the core program of nuclear, particle, and accelerator physics has expanded to cover key niche areas in life sciences and molecular and materials science.

TRIUMF uses its expertise gained from the development of detectors for particle and nuclear physics, in collaboration with Canadian universities, to support advanced detector development for molecular and materials sciences and nuclear medicine.