The family reached the peak of its power under Fujiwara no Michinaga ( 966-1027 ), a longtime kampaku who was the grandfather of three emperors, the father of six empresses or imperial consorts, and the grandfather of seven additional imperial consorts ; it is no exaggeration to say that it was Michinaga who ruled Japan during this period, not the titular Emperors.

Although the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki myth-histories called Jingū first of the Japanese empresses, Meiji period historians removed her from the List of Emperors of Japan, leaving Empress Suiko ( r. 593-628 ) as the first historically verifiable female Japanese ruler.

* Emperors of some relatively minor dynasties are known to have multiple empresses.

The Ottomans insisted on this elevated style while refusing to recognize the Holy Roman Emperors or the Russian tsars because of their rival claims of the Roman crown.

Bukovina was a closed military district ( 1775 – 1786 ), then the largest district, Kreis Czernowitz ( after its capital Czernowitz ) of the Austrian constituent Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria ( 1787 – 1849 ), and, finally, on 4 March 1849, became a separate Austrian Kronland ' crown land ' under a Landespräsident ( not a Statthalter, as in other crown lands ) and declared Herzogtum Bukowina ( nominal duchy, as part of the official full style of the Austrian Emperors ).

After some variation among the earliest Emperors, the style of the Emperor-designate was NN.

Alternatively, a more idiomatic style may develop into an equally prestigious tradition of titles, because of the shining example of the original – thus various styles of Emperors trace back to the Roman Imperator ( strictly speaking a republican military honorific ), the family surname Caesar ( turned into an imperial title since Diocletian's Tetrarchy ).

Note that the Nervan-Antonine Emperors adopted the regularised style Imperator Caesar NN.

The style Serene Highness has an antiquity equal to that of highness, and was a title borne by the Byzantine rulers, as were serenitas and serenissimus by the Emperors Honorius and Arcadius.

In the Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Emperors there are shoes or slippers in Byzantine style made in Palermo before 1220.

The Imperial Regalia of the Holy Roman Emperors, kept in the Schatzkammer ( Vienna ), contains a full set of outer garments made in the 12th century in essentially Byzantine style at the Byzantine-founded workshops in Palermo.

This broad Chinese recitative is supported by the deep and rich timbre of the cello, and is considered as an example of the nationalistic style that has moved many Descendants of Yan & Huang Emperors.

The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula ( also known as Gaius ), Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged ; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century ( 44 / 31 / 27 ) BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line, Nero, committed suicide.

The family also provided two Holy Roman Emperors ( 1328 / 1742 ), one King of the Romans ( 1400 ), two Anti-Kings of Bohemia ( 1619 / 1742 ), one King of Hungary ( 1305 ), one King of Denmark and Norway ( 1440 ) and a King of Greece ( 1832 – 1862 ).

Antonia Major ( in Latin: Antonia Maior, PIR < sup > 2 </ sup > A 884 ) ( b. August / September 39 BC ), also known as Antonia the Elder, was a daughter of Mark Antony and Octavia Minor and a relative of the first Roman Emperors of the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

* His / Her Imperial Majesty, ( abbreviation HIM, oral address Your Imperial Majesty ) — Emperors and Empresses.

* His / Her Imperial and Royal Majesty ( abbreviation HI & RM, oral address Your Imperial and Royal Majesty ) — Emperors and Empresses who were simultaneously Kings and Queens, such as the German Emperor and Emperor of Austria.

* Emperors ( Khagans / Huangdi ) of Yuan Dynasty.

The anonymous folles featured the bust of Jesus on the obverse and the inscription " XRISTUS / bASILEU / bASILE ", which translates to " Christ, Emperor of Emperors "

Two deities, Perun and Veles / Volos, are mentioned in the text of the early 10th century peace treaties between pagan rulers of East Slavs and Byzantine Emperors.

Pupienus (; born c. 165 / 170 – 29 July 238 ), also known as Pupienus Maximus, was Roman Emperor with Balbinus for three months in 238, during the Year of the Six Emperors.

The change from being a familial name to a title adopted by the Roman Emperors can be dated to about AD 68 / 69, the so-called " Year of the Four Emperors ".

Nixon / Barbara Rodgers, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors, Berkeley 1994 ) delivered in the senate house at Rome ( 389 ) in honor of Theodosius I.

Nixon / Barbara Rodgers: In Praise of Later Roman Emperors, Berkeley 1994.

In Byzantine heraldry, the heads represent the dual sovereignty of the Emperor ( secular and religious ) and / or dominance of the Byzantine Emperors over both East and West.

The Emperors of Trebizond and their family began to consistently call themselves the Great Komnenoi ( Megas Komnenos / Megale Komnene ).

* Kingdom of Aksum – used title Nəguśä nägäśt (" King of Kings ") like later Emperors, but traditionally called a Kingdom ( Early period 5th / 4th century BC – 1st century BC ; Main period 1st century BC / AD – 7th century ; Late Aksumite period 7th century – 9th / 10th / 11th / 12th?

He may be identical with the Emperor Solomon whom the traveler Henry Salt lists as one of the Emperors still alive at the time of his visit in 1809 / 1810.

Her father's mother was a daughter of Ras Guga, a member of the powerful ruling family of Yejju, which was of Oromo origin and had converted to Christianity from Islam, and which had ruled as Regents for the powerless Emperors in Gondar during the Zemene Mesafint (" Era of the Princes ").

* Rawski, Evelyn S. The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions ( 2001 ) complete text online free

Imperial concubines, kept by Emperors in the Forbidden City, were traditionally guarded by eunuchs to ensure that they could not be impregnated by anyone but the Emperor.

A deputation from the Roman Senate met with the Emperors, renewing that body's infrequent contact with the Imperial office.

This curtailment of governors ' powers as the Emperors ' representatives may have lessened the political dangers of an all-too-powerful class of Imperial delegates, but it also severely limited governors ' ability to oppose local landed elites.

However, the peace soon fell apart, and in 1352, the Southern Dynasty evacuated Kyoto, abducting with them Retired ( Northern ) Emperors Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Kōmyō as well as Sukō and the Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naohito, the son of Emperor Kōgon.

On this occasion, the Southern Court abducted Retired ( Northern ) Emperors Emperor Kōgon and Emperor Kōmyō as well as Emperor Sukō and the Crown Prince, Imperial Prince Naohito, the son of Emperor Kōgon, from Kyoto to Yoshino, producing a state of affairs in which there was no Emperor in Kyoto.

* Tamora Pierce's Protector of the Small series shows the Conté royal family marrying into an Imperial line based on the Emperors of Japan ; they preserve their claim to divine lineage by adding the "- kami " suffix to their names ( e. g., Princess Shinkokami ).

* Rawski, Evelyn S. The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1998.

* Rawski, Evelyn S. The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions ( 2001 )

Thus, without holding any land directly under the Holy Roman Emperors, the Liechtenstein dynasty was unable to meet the primary requirement to qualify for a seat in the Imperial diet, the Reichstag, although its head was elevated to princely rank in the late 17th century.

Zhu claimed descent from Ming dynasty Emperors, since his surname was the surname of the Ming Imperial Family.

Much of the best work in ceramics, textiles and other techniques was produced over a long period by the various Imperial factories or workshops, which as well as being used by the court was distributed internally and abroad on a huge scale to demonstrate the wealth and power of the Emperors.

In the late period of the Roman Empire, after the adoption of the oriental royal court model by the Emperors Diocletian and Constantine, Emperors were surrounded by eunuchs for such functions as bathing, hair cutting, dressing, and bureaucratic functions, in effect acting as a shield between the Emperor and his administrators from physical contact, enjoyed great influence in the Imperial Court ( see Eusebius and Eutropius ).

The signs of the imperial power of the Nguyen Emperors were the Great Imperial Seal and the Sword.

* Scarre, Chris, Chronicle of the Roman Emperors: the reign-by-reign record of the rulers of Imperial Rome, Thames & Hudson, 1995.

It was later used as coronation cloak by the Holy Roman Emperors and is now in the Imperial Treasury ( Schatzkammer ) in Vienna.

The Imperial Sardaukar are soldier-fanatics loyal to the Padishah Emperors of House Corrino, who ruled the Known Universe ( the Imperium ) for over 10, 000 years until the events of the first novel in the series, Dune.

Chronicle of the Roman Emperors: The Reign-by-Reign Record of the Rulers of Imperial Rome.

Members of this Imperial House rule as Padishah Emperors of the Known Universe for over 10, 000 years, from the time of the Butlerian Jihad until the defeat of the 81st Padishah Emperor Shaddam Corrino IV by " Muad ' Dib " ( Paul Atreides ) and the Fremen.