* Telephus: A legendary Mysian king and the subject of a controversial play by Euripides in which he appeared as a beggar.

* Euripides: A renowned tragic poet and a controversial figure in his own time.

It is not between Euripides and Shakespeare that the western mind turns away from the ancient tragic sense of life.

Aeschylus and Sophocles were innovative, but Euripides had arrived at a position in the " ever-changing genre " where he could move easily between tragic, comic, romantic and political effects, a versatility that appears in individual plays and also over the course of his career.

However, " his plays continued to be applauded even after those of Aeschylus and Sophocles had come to seem remote and irrelevant ", they became school classics in the Hellenistic period ( as mentioned in the introduction ) and, due to Seneca's adaptation of his work for Roman audiences, " it was Euripides, not Aeschylus or Sophocles, whose tragic muse presided over the rebirth of tragedy in Renaissance Europe.

Classicists such as Arthur Verrall and Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Moellendorff reacted against the views of the Schlegels and Nietzsche, constructing arguments sympathetic to Euripides, which involved Wilamowitz in this restatement of Greek tragedy as a genre: " A tragedy does not have to end ' tragically ' or be ' tragic '.

According to the tragic poet Euripides, Medea continued her revenge, murdering her two children by Jason.

Though the early literary presentations of Medea are lost, Apollonius of Rhodes, in a redefinition of epic formulas, and Euripides, in a dramatic version for a specifically Athenian audience, each employed the figure of Medea ; Seneca offered yet another tragic Medea, of witchcraft and potions, and Ovid rendered her portrait three times for a sophisticated and sceptical audience in Imperial Rome.

From its obscure origins in the theaters of Athens 2, 500 years ago, from which there survives only a fraction of the work of Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides, through its singular articulations in the works of Shakespeare, Lope de Vega, Racine, and Schiller, to the more recent naturalistic tragedy of Strindberg, Beckett's modernist meditations on death, loss and suffering, and Müller's postmodernist reworkings of the tragic canon, tragedy has remained an important site of cultural experimentation, negotiation, struggle, and change.

The Greek tragic authors ( Sophocles and Euripides ) would become increasingly important as models by the middle of the 17th century.

Much of what is known about the character comes from Euripides ' tragic play, The Bacchae.

One of his sons, Xenocles, was also a tragic poet, good enough to defeat Euripides at the City Dionysia in 415.

* Euripides: One of the great tragic poets, he is the butt of jokes in many of Aristophanes plays and he even appears as a character in three of them ( The Acharnians, Thesmophoriazusae and The Frogs ).

Nietzsche's theory of Athenian tragic drama suggests exactly how, before Euripides and Socrates, the Dionysian and Apollonian elements of life were artistically woven together.

Aristotle praised Euripides, however, for generally ending his plays with bad fortune, which he viewed as correct in tragedy, and somewhat excused the intervention of a deity by suggesting that " astonishment " should be sought in tragic drama:

Euripides is jealous of the other's place as the greatest tragic poet.

* Euripides: The famous tragic poet, whose mythical heroes often appear on stage in shabby dress, he is a frequent target in later plays and he appears here as a magniloquent hoarder of disreputable costumes.

* Euripides: Frequently a target of Aristophanes ' plays, the tragic poet is mentioned in line 61 as the butt of tired, old jokes that are made by other comic poets.

The female protagonists of the plays, such as Andromache, Phaedra and Medea, the new figures are tragic Euripides, which he skillfully portrays the tormented sensitivity and irrational impulses that collide with the world of reason.

Large-scale production tragic Democratic dell ' Atene there remained only a few plays of three authors: Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides.

Milton continues, " Of the style and uniformity, and that commonly called the plot, whether intricate or explicit ... they only will best judge who are not unacquainted with Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, the three tragic poets unequaled yet by any, and the best rule to all who endeavor to write tragedy ".

However Decamnichos once insulted, in front of Archelaus, the tragic poet Euripides for his alleged bad breath smell.

How it fared in that festival's drama competition is unknown but it is now considered one of Aristophanes ' most brilliant parodies of Athenian society, with a particular focus on the subversive role of women in a male-dominated society, the vanity of contemporary poets, such as the tragic playwrights Euripides and Agathon, and the shameless, enterprising vulgarity of an ordinary Athenian, as represented in this play by the protagonist, Mnesilochus.

In his depiction of the experiences of the main characters, Euripides frequently uses tragic irony for dramatic effect.

With Phèdre, Racine chose once more a subject from Greek mythology, already treated by Greek and Roman tragic poets, notably by Euripides in Hippolytus and Seneca in Phaedra.

Pericles learned to love and admire him, and the poet Euripides derived from him an enthusiasm for science and humanity.

According to another comic poet, Teleclides, the plays of Euripides were co-authored by the philosopher Socrates.

In The Frogs, composed after Euripides and Aeschylus were both dead, Aristophanes imagines the god Dionysus venturing down to Hades in search of a good poet to bring back to Athens.

The comic poet, Aristophanes, is the earliest known critic to characterize Euripides as a spokesman for destructive, new ideas, associated with declining standards in both society and tragedy ( see Reception for more ).

Like Euripides, both Aeschylus and Sophocles created comic effects contrasting the heroic with the mundane but they employed minor supporting characters for that purpose whereas the younger poet was more insistent, using major characters too.

Euripides was also a great lyric poet.

However literary figures such as the poet Robert Browning and his wife Elizabeth Barrett Browning could study and admire the Schlegels while still appreciating Euripides as " our Euripides the human " ( Wine of Cyprus stanza 12 ).

Hesiod described one group of cyclopes and the epic poet Homer described another, though other accounts have also been written by the playwright Euripides, poet Theocritus and Roman epic poet Virgil.

Cyrene is also mentioned in the second and third hymns of Callimachus as well as in The Poet and the Women ( written by Aristophanes ) whence Mnesilochus comments that he " can't see a man there at all-only Cyrene " when setting eyes upon the poet Agathon who emerges from his house to greet Euripides and himself dressed in women's clothing.

His story was told by Aeschylus in his Seven against Thebes, by Euripides, and by the Roman poet Statius.

476-68 BCE ) expands on the example of Ixion, applicable to Hiero I of Syracuse, the tyrant of whom the poet sings ; and Aeschylus, Euripides and Timasitheos each wrote a tragedy of Ixion: none have survived.

Sébillet replied in the preface to his translation of the Iphigenia of Euripides ; Guillaume des Autels, a Lyonnese poet, reproached du Bellay with ingratitude to his predecessors, and showed the weakness of his argument for imitation as opposed to translation in a digression in his Réplique aux furieuses defenses de Louis Meigret ( Lyons, 1550 ); Barthélemy Aneau, regent of the Collège de la Trinité at Lyons, attacked him in his Quintil Horatian ( Lyons, 1551 ), the authorship of which was commonly attributed to Charles Fontaine.

He is accordingly called by the poet Theaetetus, in an epitaph which he composed upon him, the friend of the Muses ; and we are told, that his chief favourites among the poets were Homer and Euripides.

The ancient Greek poet Homer introduced Ulysses ( Odysseus in Greek ), and many later poets took up the character, including Euripides, Horace, Dante, William Shakespeare, and Alexander Pope.

Some of the most important figures of Western cultural and intellectual history lived in Athens during this period: the dramatists Aeschylus, Aristophanes, Euripides and Sophocles, the physician Hippocrates, the philosophers Aristotle, Plato and Socrates, the historians Herodotus, Thucydides and Xenophon, the poet Simonides and the sculptor Phidias, The leading statesman of this period was Pericles, who used the tribute paid by the members of the Delian League to build the Parthenon and other great monuments of classical Athens.

In 1947, she triumphed as Medea in a version of Euripides ' tragedy, written by the poet Robinson Jeffers and produced by John Gielgud, who played Jason.