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* Flavius Josephus Eyewitness to Rome's first-century conquest of Judea, Mireille Hadas-lebel, Macmillan 1993, Simon and Schuster 2001
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Flavius and Josephus
A similar story is reported by Flavius Josephus during the siege of Jerusalem by Rome in 70 AD ( see Mary of Bethezuba ), and the population of Numantia during the Roman Siege of Numantia in the 2nd century BC was reduced to cannibalism and suicide.
The ancient Jewish Historian Flavius Josephus narrates in his book Jewish Antiquities XII, how the victorious Judas Maccabeus ordered lavish yearly eight-day festivities after rededicating the Temple in Jerusalem that had been profaned by Antiochus IV Epiphanes.
The Jewish historian Flavius Josephus described Jericho as " the most fertile spot in Judea ".
The extant manuscripts of the writings of the 1st century Romano-Jewish historian Flavius Josephus include references to Jesus and the origins of Christianity.
The Testimonium Flavianum ( meaning the testimony of Flavius < nowiki ></ nowiki >) is the name given to the passage found in Book 18, Chapter 3, 3 of the Antiquities in which Josephus describes the condemnation and crucifixion of Jesus at the hands of the Roman authorities.
nl: Flavius Josephus over Jezus
An account of John the Baptist is found in all extant manuscripts of the Jewish Antiquities ( book 18, chapter 5, 2 ) by Flavius Josephus ( 37 – 100 ):
Geographic identifications of Flavius Josephus, c. 100 AD ; Japheth's sons shown in red
Titus Flavius Josephus ( 37 – 100 ), also called Joseph ben Matityahu ( Biblical Hebrew: יוסף בן מתתיהו, Yosef ben Matityahu ), was a 1st-century Romano-Jewish historian and hagiographer who was born in Jerusalem-then part of Roman Judea-to a father of priestly descent and a mother who claimed royal ancestry.
After Vespasian did become Emperor in 69 he granted Josephus his freedom at which time Josephus assumed the emperor's family name of Flavius.
Flavius Josephus fully defected to the Roman side and was granted Roman citizenship, and became an advisor and friend of Vespasian's son Titus.
In 71, he went to Rome in the entourage of Titus, becoming a Roman citizen and client of the ruling Flavian dynasty ( hence he is often referred to as Flavius Josephus — see below ).
Although he uses " Josephus ", he appears to have taken the Roman praenomen Titus and nomen Flavius from his patrons.
The Romanticism | romanticized engraving of Flavius Josephus appearing in William Whiston's translation of his works
*( c. 97 ) Flavius Josephus Against Apion, or Against Apion, or Contra Apionem, or Against the Greeks, on the antiquity of the Jewish people ( usually abbreviated CA )
*( c. 99 ) The Life of Flavius Josephus, or Autobiography of Flavius Josephus ( abbreviated Life or Vita )
The next work by Josephus is his twenty-one volume Antiquities of the Jews, completed during the last year of the reign of the Emperor Flavius Domitian ( between 1. 9. 93 and 14. 3. 94, cf.
* F. Josephus & S. Mason: Flavius Josephus: translation and commentary.
* Flavius Josephus: Translation and Commentary.
Flavius and Rome's
Rome's population started declining in 402 AD when Flavius Honorius, Western Roman Emperor from 395 to 423, moved the government to Ravenna and Rome's population declined to a mere 20, 000 during the Early Middle Ages, reducing the sprawling city to groups of inhabited buildings interspersed among large areas of ruins and vegetation.
De Re Militari ( Latin " Concerning Military Matters "), also Epitoma Rei Militaris, is a treatise by the late Latin writer Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus about Roman warfare and military principles as a presentation of methods and practices in use during the height of Rome's power, and responsible for that power.
Flavius and first-century
The first-century historian Flavius Josephus was so impressed by the area that he wrote, " One may call this place the ambition of Nature.
Flavius Josephus, the first-century Jewish historian, writes that " he sacrificed his daughter as a burnt offering: offering such an oblation as was neither conformable to the law, nor acceptable to God ; not weighing with himself what opinion the hearers would have of such a practice.
Flavius and Judea
* Province of Iudaea ( Judea ): Titus Flavius Vespasianus arrives in Ptolemais, along with Legio X Fretensis and Legio V Macedonica to put down the Jewish Revolt.
* Lucius Flavius Silva, 1st century general, governor of Judea, conqueror of Masada
Flavius and 2001
In 2001, he starred as Flavius Aëtius, the Roman general in charge of stopping the Hun invasion in the made-for-TV mini-series Attila.
Josephus and Rome's
The Jewish historian Josephus mentions the swift action of Varus against a messianic revolt in Judaea after the death of Rome's client king Herod the Great in 4 BC.
Josephus and first-century
The first-century Jewish historian Josephus gives a slightly different account in his Antiquities of the Jews.
Goliath's stature grew at the hand of narrators or scribes: the oldest manuscripts — the Dead Sea Scrolls text of Samuel, the first-century historian Josephus, and the fourth century Septuagint manuscripts — all give his height as " four cubits and a span " (); later manuscripts increase this to " six cubits and a span " ().
The first-century Jewish historian Josephus is considered the most reliable literary source for Caiaphas.
Josephus and conquest
During Hellenistic times the cities were clearly distinct from the surrounding region by their practice of Greek culture ; Josephus names several of them in a list of Gentile cities in Judea before the Roman conquest.
Just before the Roman conquest of Jerusalem and the destruction of the Second Temple, Josephus described Mount Zion as a hill across the valley to the west.
Josephus also provides a detailed description of the Roman siege and conquest of Gamla in 67 CE by components of legions X Fretensis, XV Apollinaris and V Macedonica.
Josephus comments on its conquest.
Josephus and Judea
Josephus also blames some of the Roman governors of Judea, but these he represents as atypical: corrupt and incompetent administrators.
* Quirinius conducts a census in Judea ( according to Josephus ), which results in a revolt in the province, led by Judas the Galilean, and supported by the Pharisee Zadok.
Josephus particularly associates them with the mass suicide at Masada in 73 CE and to the subsequent refusal " to submit to the taxation census when Cyrenius was sent to Judea to make one " ( Josephus ) as part of their religious and political scheme as resistance fighters:
:* Senator Quirinius appointed Legate of the Roman province of Syria ( to which Judea had been " added " according to Josephus though Ben-Sasson claims it was a " satellite of Syria " and not " legally part of Syria ") carries out a tax census of both Syria and Judea known as the Census of Quirinius.
According to Josephus, Antipater aimed at controlling Judea by putting the weak Hyrcanus back onto the throne.
Shortly after 153 BCE, Josephus relates that Alexander Balas appointed Jonathan Maccabeus as strategos ( general ) and meridarch ( civil governor of a province ) of Judea, and sent him back with honors to Jerusalem ( I Macc.
Josephus and Simon
Josephus ’ paternal grandparents were Josephus and his wife-an unnamed Hebrew noblewoman, both distant relatives of each other and direct descendants of Simon Psellus.
Josephus mentions a magician named Atomus ( Simon in Latin manuscripts ) as being involved with the procurator Felix, King Agrippa II and his sister Drusilla, where Felix has Simon convince Drusilla to marry him instead of the man she was engaged to.
Some scholars have considered the two to be identical, although this is not generally accepted, as the Simon of Josephus is a Jew rather than a Samaritan.
As Josephus reports in Jewish Antiquities ( Book XVIII, Chapter 5, 4 ): Herodias, [...], was married to Herod, the son of Herod the Great by Mariamne II, the daughter of Simon the High Priest.
It is unknown if this is the same " Simon the Zealot " mentioned by Josephus ( as in " Eleazar ben Simon the Zealot ", Eleazar's father ), although the two Simons would be contemporaries.
He was the son of Simon Maccabaeus and hence the nephew of Judas Maccabaeus, Jonathan Maccabaeus and their siblings, whose story is told in the deuterocanonical books of 1 Maccabees and 2 Maccabees, in the Talmud, and in Josephus.
Josephus does not relate the death of Judas, although he does report that Judas ' sons James and Simon were executed by procurator Tiberius Julius Alexander in about 46 AD.
Josephus claims that 1, 100, 000 people were killed during the siege, of which a majority were Jewish, and that 97, 000 were captured and enslaved, including Simon bar Giora and John of Giscala.
In the late 40s AD the sons of Judas the Galilean, named James and Simon, were crucified by order of Tiberius Alexander ( Josephus, Jewish Antiquities 20. 102 ).
The name Simon is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Shimeon, a common Jewish name that Albright and Mann note is found in the Old Testament and in Josephus.
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