The salons attracted countless outstanding nineteenth century figures including the romantic painter Francesco Hayez, composer Giuseppe Verdi and naturalist writers Giovanni Verga, Bruno Sperani and Matilde Serao.

Francesco Sforza is mentioned several times in Niccolò Machiavelli's book The Prince ; he is generally praised in that work for his ability to hold his country and as a warning to a prince not to use mercenary troops.

In 2008, Francesco Cossiga told about Mario Draghi: " He is a craven moneyman ".

is: Francesco Cossiga

There are remarkable suites of Flemish tapestries, and paintings, among which the most famous is the Ecce Homo by Antonello da Messina ( 1473 ), but which also include panels by Jan Provoost and other Flemish artists, oil paintings by Domenico Maria Viani and Francesco Solimena.

His 1757 Anleitung zur Singekunst ( Introduction to the Art of Singing ) is a translation of Pier Francesco Tosi's 1723 treatise Opinioni de ' cantori antichi e moderni with Agricola's own extensive comments.

In 1506, Leonardo took on another pupil, Count Francesco Melzi, the son of a Lombard aristocrat, who is considered to have been his favourite student.

The leader of the next generation of Italian lutenists, Francesco Canova da Milano ( 1497 – 1543 ), is now acknowledged as one of the most famous lute composers in history.

Another similar case ( contrary to what Vacca has written, as Freudenthal carefully showed ) was that of Francesco Maurolico in his Arithmeticorum libri duo ( 1575 ), who used the technique to prove that the sum of the first n odd integers is n < sup > 2 </ sup >.

Image: Francesco Hayez 017. jpg | The Menorah is seen being sacked as the Holy Temple in Jerusalem was being destroyed by the Roman army.

is: Francesco Petrarca

He is buried there in the church of San Francesco alla Rocca.

His most important and longest work is his autobiography Commentaries in 13 books, first published in 1584 by Cardinal Francesco Bandini Piccolomini, a distant relative.

The first possible historical reference to the vase is in a 1601 letter from the French scholar Nicolas Claude Fabri de Peiresc to the painter Peter Paul Rubens, where it is recorded as in the collection of Cardinal Francesco Maria Del Monte in Italy.

Its President is currently Cardinal Francesco Coccopalmerio.

* 1978 – While walking across Waterloo Bridge in London, Bulgarian dissident Georgi Markov is assassinated by Bulgarian secret police agent Francesco Giullino by means of a ricin pellet fired from a specially-designed umbrella.

The history of the hour record is replete with exploits by some of the greatest names in cycling from both road and track racing ( including, among others, Major Taylor, Henri Desgrange, Fausto Coppi, Jacques Anquetil, Eddy Merckx, Francesco Moser, Miguel Indurain and Tony Rominger ).

The first person to put a scale on a thermoscope is variously said to be Francesco Sagredo or Santorio Santorio in about 1611 to 1613.

Divination using playing cards is in evidence as early as 1540 in a book entitled The Oracles of Francesco Marcolino da Forlì which allows a simple method of divination, though the cards are used only to select a random oracle and have no meaning in themselves.

* The opera Ormindo is first performed in Venice: music by Francesco Cavalli and libretto by Giovanni Faustini.

* 1253 – The Basilica of San Francesco, the earliest important structure in the Italian Gothic style of architecture, is completed in Assisi, Italy.

La traviata is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave.

Ernani is an operatic dramma lirico in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Hernani by Victor Hugo.

Another modern approach occasionally encountered is to cut Don Ottavio's most celebrated aria, " Il mio tesoro ", in favour of the less demanding " Dalla sua pace ", which replaced it in the Viennese premiere in order to suit the tenor Francesco Morella.

Antonio began his musical studies in his native town of Legnago ; he was first taught at home by his older brother Francesco Salieri ( a former student of the violinist and composer Giuseppe Tartini ), and he received further lessons from the organist of the Legnago Cathedral, Giuseppe Simoni, a pupil of Padre Giovanni Battista Martini.

Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word " diffraction " and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1665.

The effects of diffraction of light were first carefully observed and characterized by Francesco Maria Grimaldi, who also coined the term diffraction, from the Latin diffringere, ' to break into pieces ', referring to light breaking up into different directions.

The only Presidents ever to be elected on the first ballot are Francesco Cossiga and Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.

In August 1933, Italian journalist Francesco Gasparini submitted what he claims was the first news article on the Loch Ness monster.

The first opera written in Russian was Tsefal i Prokris by the Italian composer Francesco Araja ( 1755 ).

The invention of the first tomato sauces dates back from the late 18th century: the first written record of pasta with tomato sauce can be found in the 1790 cookbook L ' Apicio Moderno by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi.

Urban VIII sent him to accompany his nephew, Francesco Barberini, whom he had accredited as nuncio, first in France and then in Spain, where Pamphilj had the first-hand opportunities to form an intense animosity towards the Barberini.

His son Francesco I Sforza ruled Milan for the first half of the Renaissance era, acquiring the title of Duke of Milan from the extinct Visconti family in 1447.

* The first, adapted into English by Gifford Cochran and Jerrold Krimsky and staged by Francesco Von Mendelssohn, featured Robert Chisholm as Macheath.

The use of tomato sauce with pasta appears for the first time in the Italian cookbook L ' Apicio moderno, by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi, edited in 1790.

" The use of tomato sauce with pasta appears for the first time in the Italian cookbook L ' Apicio moderno, by Roman chef Francesco Leonardi, edited in 1790.

In 1999 Dr. Francesco Pompei of the Exergen Corporation introduced the world's first temporal artery thermometer, a non-invasive temperature sensor which scans the forehead in about 2 seconds and provides a medically accurate body temperature.

In principle, any wave impinging on a regular array of scatterers produces diffraction, as predicted first by Francesco Maria Grimaldi in 1665.

* February – Pietro Bembo's Petri Bembi de Aetna Angelum Chalabrilem liber is published in Venice by Aldus Manutius, the first book printed in the old style serif or humanist typeface cut by Francesco Griffo and known from the 20th century as Bembo.

* Francesco Petrarca ( often considered the first man of the Renaissance ) first visits Rome, to wander its mysterious ruins with an eye for aesthetic as well as for history, exciting a renewed interest in Classical civilisation.

The genre was first marked out by writers of the Renaissance, such as Giovanni Francesco Straparola and Giambattista Basile, and stabilized through the works of later collectors such as Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm.

It is named after Émile Borel and Francesco Paolo Cantelli, who gave statement to the lemma in the first decades of the 20th century.