Thus, there was seen a need for a new law that would ensure the continuance of the succession following the death of the last legal heir under the Bill of Rights, being Princess Anne, guaranteeing the line of succession would continue in the Protestant line, and excluding any possible claims by the deposed James II or his son and daughter, James Francis Edward and Louisa Maria Teresa Stuart.

From 1890 on, he had a friend and admirer in Judge Francis C. Russell of Chicago, who introduced Peirce to editor Paul Carus and owner Edward C. Hegeler of the pioneering American philosophy journal The Monist, which eventually published articles by Peirce, at least 14.

Trevor Huddleston, Sir Julian Huxley, Edward Hyams, the Bishop of Llandaff Dr Glyn Simon, Doris Lessing, Sir Compton Mackenzie, the Very Rev George McLeod, Miles Malleson, Denis Matthews, Sir Francis Meynell, Henry Moore, John Napper, Ben Nicholson, Sir Herbert Read, Flora Robson, Michael Tippett, the cartoonist ' Vicky ', Professor C. H. Waddington and Barbara Wootton.

Its main activists were Julian Lewis, Edward Leigh and Francis Holihan.

Gathering on Sanssouci in the Marble Hall, with Voltaire, Casanova, d ' Argens, La Mettrie, James Francis Edward Keith | James Keith, George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal | George Keith, Friedrich Rudolf von Rothenburg, Christoph Ludwig von Stille, Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz and Algarotti.

The crisis facing the king came to a head in 1688, with the birth of the King's son, James Francis Edward Stuart, on 10 June ( Julian calendar ).

Rather than return to her Roman Catholic brother James Francis Edward Stuart, the English Parliament decided that Sophia of Hanover and her descendants should succeed ( Act of Settlement 1701 ).

Rather than risk the possible return of James Francis Edward Stuart, then living in France, the English parliament pressed for full union of the two countries.

In 1708 James Francis Edward Stuart, who became known as " The Old Pretender ," attempted an invasion with a French fleet, but the Royal Navy prevented any from landing.

The island's first known sighting by Europeans was on 21 August 1821 by the British ship Eliza Francis ( or Eliza Frances ) owned by Edward, Thomas and William Jarvis and commanded by Captain Brown.

* James III and VIII ( 16 September 17011 January 1766 ), James Francis Edward Stuart, also known as the Chevalier de St. George, the King over the Water, or the Old Pretender.

His grandfather and father, both named Edward Francis Vereka Ventris, reached the ranks of Major General and Lieutenant Colonel, respectively.

* 1708 – James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth.

Alarm amongst Protestants increased when his wife, Mary of Modena, gave birth to a son — James Francis Edward — in June 1688, for the son would, unlike Mary and Anne, be raised a Roman Catholic.

Examples include works by Richard Strauss, Maurice Duruflé, Francis Poulenc, Charles Villiers Stanford, Edmund Rubbra, Ralph Vaughan Williams, Lennox Berkeley, Morten Lauridsen, Edward Elgar, Hugo Distler, Ernst Krenek, and Michael Finnissy.

The importance of Machiavelli's influence is notable in many important figures in this endeavor, for example Bodin, Francis Bacon, Algernon Sidney, Harrington, John Milton, Spinoza, Rousseau, Hume, Edward Gibbon, and Adam Smith.

Innocent XIII, like his predecessor, showed much favour to James Francis Edward Stuart, the " Old Pretender " to the British throne and liberally supported him.

* 1701 – James Francis Edward Stuart, sometimes called the " Old Pretender ", becomes the Jacobite claimant to the thrones of England and Scotland.

Sophia was made heiress presumptive for the purpose of cutting off any claim by the Roman Catholic James Francis Edward Stuart, who would otherwise have become James III & VIII, as well as denying the throne to many other Roman Catholics and spouses of Roman Catholics who held a claim.

Afterwards, it follows Tom Hanks as United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller and seven other soldiers ( Tom Sizemore, Edward Burns, Barry Pepper, Vin Diesel, Giovanni Ribisi, Adam Goldberg, and Jeremy Davies ) as they search for a paratrooper, Private First Class James Francis Ryan ( Matt Damon ), who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen.

Of the original twelve, some are regularly identified: Dashwood, Robert Vansittart, Thomas Potter, Francis Duffield, Edward Thompson, Paul Whitehead and John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich.

England and the United Provinces had already begun raising armies, and now, although Louis had treated William as King of England since the Treaty of Ryswick, he now recognized James II's son, the Catholic James Francis Edward Stuart ( the " Old Pretender "), as the rightful monarch.

* June 10 – The birth of King James ' heir, James Francis Edward Stuart ( 1688 – 1766 ; later to become known as the " Old Pretender ") increases public disquiet about a Catholic dynasty.

* June 10 – James Francis Edward Stuart, The Old Pretender ( d. 1766 )

* With much legal strife and the encouragement of Sir Francis Bacon, Chief Justice Edward Coke is dismissed from the King's Bench, and the royal prerogatives of King James I triumph over English common law.

* 1740 – Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, English merchant banker ( d. 1810 )

Earlier that year, Francis Baring and Company of London had become the U. S. government's official banking agent in London.

Baring was the second son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, and of Harriet, daughter of William Herring.

* Francis Baring, 3rd Baron Ashburton ( 1800 – 1868 )

* Sir Francis Baring, founder of Baring Brothers Bank, bought the Manor House ( attributed to architect Richard Jupp ) in Manor Lane ( now a library and its grounds a public park, Manor House Gardens ) in 1796.

* Baring, Francis Henry ( 1909 ).

A member of the influential Baring banking family, Lord Cromer was the son of Henry Baring, third son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet.

As a descendant of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, he is also in remainder to this title, which is ( as of 2009 ) held by his kinsman the Baron Northbrook.

A member of the famous Baring family, he was the third and youngest son of Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer, and the great-grandson of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, the founder of Barings Bank.

Baring's uncle was Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke, the father of Maurice Baring, while other members of the family include Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook, and Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton.

As a descendant of the first Earl of Cromer and Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, he is in remainder to both the earldom of Cromer and its subsidiary titles and the Baring baronetcy of Larkbeer, titles held by his kinsmen the Earl of Cromer and the Baron Northbrook respectively.

A member of the distinguished Baring family, Lord Ashburton was the second son of Sir Francis Baring, 1st Baronet, the uncle of Francis Baring, 1st Baron Northbrook, Evelyn Baring, 1st Earl of Cromer and Edward Baring, 1st Baron Revelstoke, and the great-uncle of Thomas Baring, 1st Earl of Northbrook and Evelyn Baring, 1st Baron Howick of Glendale.

For London he wrote some musical comedies which brought him to the attention of the wealthy Francis Money-Coutts, 5th Baron Latymer.

* 1934 – Francis William Reitz, South African lawyer, politician and statesman, 5th State President of the Orange Free State ( b. 1844 )

The original principal alternative candidate was Francis Bacon, but by the beginning of the twentieth century other candidates, typically aristocrats, were put forward, most notably Roger Manners, 5th Earl of Rutland and William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby.

* October 5 – Francis William Reitz, 5th State President of the Orange Free State ( d. 1934 )

** Francis Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby of Parham ( d. 1666 )

* Francis Pelham, 5th Earl of Chichester ( 1844 – 1905 ), British nobleman and amateur cricketer

His eldest son and heir apparent was Francis, Viscount Drumlanrig, who was rumoured to have been engaged in a relationship with the Liberal Prime Minister, Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery.

Rosegill Estate, a Middlesex County plantation first constructed in 1649, served as the temporary seat of the colony under two royal Governors of Virginia, ( Sir Henry Chicheley, who served under Thomas Culpeper, 2nd Baron Culpeper of Thoresway, and Lord Francis Howard, 5th Baron Howard of Effingham ).

The major development of the squares that we see today started in about 1800 when Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford removed Bedford House and developed the land to the north with Russell Square as its centrepiece.

* Francis Godolphin Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds ( 1759 – 1799 ), politician and Foreign Secretary

* Francis Wemyss-Charteris, 9th Earl of Wemyss, 5th Earl of March ( 1796 – 1883 )

While twins have been of interest to scholars since early civilization, such as the early physician Hippocrates ( 5th c. BCE ), who attributed similar diseases in twins to shared material circumstances, and the stoic philosopher Posidonius ( 1st c. BCE ), who attributed such similarities to shared astrological circumstances, the modern history of the twin study derives from Sir Francis Galton's pioneering use of twins to study the role of genes and environment on human development and behavior.

They had one child, Francis Godolphin Osborne ( styled Marquess of Carmarthen, later 5th Duke of Leeds and Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs ), who was born on 29 January 1751.

Classically inspired male hair styles included the Bedford Crop, arguably the precursor of most plain modern male styles, which was invented by the radical politician Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford as a protest against a tax on hair powder ; he encouraged his frends to adopt it by betting them they would not.

File: 5th Duke of Bedford. png | Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford in a Bedford Crop

The name of Gleichen is taken by the family descended from Prince Victor of Hohenlohe-Langenburg through his marriage with Laura Wilhelmina Seymour, sister of the 5th Marquess of Hertford and daughter of Admiral Sir George Francis Seymour, a branch of the Hohenlohe family having at one time owned part of the county of Gleichen.

The main land holdings and Ragley Hall were inherited by his distant cousin, Francis Seymour, 5th Marquess of Hertford, descended from a younger son of the 1st Marquess who had died in 1794.

* The Enemy of Europe: The Enemy of Our Enemies by Francis Parker Yockey and Revilo P. Oliver ISBN 0-942094-00-X Oliver's part 2nd section 3rd 4th 5th and 6th

* Francis Talbot, 5th Earl of Shrewsbury, 1549 – 1560

* Francis Richard Charles Greville, 5th Earl of Warwick, 5th Earl Brooke ( 1853 – 1924 )

Francis Godolphin Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds KG, PC ( 29 January 1751 – 31 January 1799 ), styled Marquess of Carmarthen until 1789, was a British politician.

The son of Charles Seymour, 2nd Baron Seymour of Trowbridge, and Elizabeth Alington ( 1635 – 1692 ), he succeeded his brother Francis Seymour, 5th Duke of Somerset, to the dukedom when the latter was shot in 1678.

They were parents to George Byng, 3rd Earl of Strafford, Henry Byng, 4th Earl of Strafford and Francis Byng, 5th Earl of Strafford.