French social and cognitive scientist Dan Sperber, with his colleague Hugo Mercier, describes the idea that there could have been other forces driving the evolution of reason.

Prior to burial in the Panthéon, the body of Victor Hugo was exposed under the Arc during the night of 22 May 1885.

* 1885 – Hugo Sperrle, German field marshal ( d. 1953 )

* 1802 – Victor Hugo, French writer ( d. 1885 )

* 1885 – Victor Hugo, French author ( b. 1802 )

* February 26 – Victor Hugo, French author ( d. 1885 )

After La Gioconda, Ponchielli wrote the monumental biblical melodrama in four acts Il figliuol prodigo ( Milan, Teatro alla Scala, December 26, 1880 ) and Marion Delorme, from another play by Victor Hugo ( Milan, Teatro alla Scala, March 17, 1885 ).

He photographed Victor Hugo on his death-bed in 1885.

Most famous Belgian authors are: Guido Gezelle ( 1830 – 1899 ), Emile Verhaeren ( 1855 – 1916 ), Max Elskamp ( 1862 – 1931 ), Maurice Maeterlinck ( 1862 – 1949 ), Paul van Ostaijen ( 1896 – 1926 ), Henri Michaux ( French born and educated in Belgium, 1899 – 1984 ) and Jacques Brel ( 1929 – 1978 ) and prose writers: Hendrik Conscience ( 1812 – 1883 ), Charles de Coster ( 1827 – 1879 ), Willem Elsschot ( 1882 – 1960 ), Michel de Ghelderode ( 1898 – 1962 ), Georges Simenon 1903-1989, Louis Paul Boon ( 1912 – 1979 ), Hugo Claus ( 1929 – 2008 ), Pierre Mertens ( born in 1939 ) Ernest Claes ( 1885 – 1968 ), and, Amélie Nothomb ( born in 1967 ).

Hugo Wolf ( 1885 )

Hermann Klaus Hugo Weyl, ForMemRS (; 9 November 1885 – 8 December 1955 ) was a German mathematician and theoretical physicist.

* February 26-Victor Hugo, novelist and poet ( died 1885 )

* Hugo Boss ( fashion designer ) ( 1885 – 1948 )

* Hugo Zwillenberg ( 1885 – 1966 ), businessman

Other theorists, such as Leonhard Euler ( 1739 ), Hermann von Helmholtz ( 1863 / 1885 ), Arthur von Oettingen ( 1866 ), Hugo Riemann ( who should not be confused with the famous mathematician Bernhard Riemann ), and Christopher Longuet-Higgins ( 1978 ) have modeled pitch relationships using two-dimensional ( or higher-dimensional ) lattices, under the name of Tonnetz.

It was held for Victor Hugo in 1885.

It was held for writers Victor Hugo ( 1885 ), Maurice Barrès ( 1923 ), Paul Valéry ( 1945 ), Colette ( 1954 ) et Aimé Césaire ( 2008 ), Generals Leclerc ( 1947 ), Giraud ( 1949 ) et de Lattre de Tassigny ( 1952 ) and politicians Georges Coulon ( 1912 ), Albert Lebrun ( 1951 ), Léon Blum ( 1951 ) et Édouard Herriot ( 1957 ) An even higher honour is burial in the Panthéon de Paris.

Hugo Sperrle ( 7 February 1885 – 2 April 1953 ) was a German field marshal of the Luftwaffe during World War II.

Unlike the Third and Fourth Mephisto Waltzes, the Bagatelle received its premiere within Liszt's lifetime, by his pupil Hugo Mansfeldt in Weimar on June 10, 1885.

It was discovered by Johann Palisa on October 4, 1885 in Vienna and was named after Sophia, wife of astronomer Hugo von Seeliger.

* Victor Hugo ( 1802 – 1885 ) is generally recognised as the greatest figure in French Romanticism in the 19th century.

It is named after its founder, Hugo Boss ( 1885 – 1948 ).

Spearheaded by the author Victor Hugo ( 1802 – 1885 ) and a few other intellectuals, a preservation committee called la Société des Amis des Arènes undertook to save the archaeological treasure.

On March 3, 1923, in Havana, Cuba, Nin married her first husband, Hugh Parker Guiler ( 1898 – 1985 ), a banker and artist, later known as " Ian Hugo " when he became a maker of experimental films in the late 1940s.

Nin appeared in the Kenneth Anger film Inauguration of the Pleasure Dome ( 1954 ) as Astarte ; in the Maya Deren film Ritual in Transfigured Time ( 1946 ); and in Bells of Atlantis ( 1952 ), a film directed by Guiler under the name " Ian Hugo " with a soundtrack of electronic music by Louis and Bebe Barron.

Among his 69 Ph. D. students in Göttingen were many who later became famous mathematicians, including ( with date of thesis ): Otto Blumenthal ( 1898 ), Felix Bernstein ( 1901 ), Hermann Weyl ( 1908 ), Richard Courant ( 1910 ), Erich Hecke ( 1910 ), Hugo Steinhaus ( 1911 ), and Wilhelm Ackermann ( 1925 ).

Based on a play by Victor Hugo ( Le roi s ' amuse ), the libretto had to undergo substantial revisions in order to satisfy the epoch's censorship, and the composer was on the verge of giving it all up a number of times.

Hugo Gernsback ( August 16, 1884 – August 19, 1967 ), born Hugo Gernsbacher, was a Luxembourgian American inventor, writer, editor, and magazine publisher, best remembered for publications that included the first science fiction magazine.

* Mihir Bellare, Ran Canetti and Hugo Krawczyk, Message authentication using hash functions: The HMAC construction, CryptoBytes 2 ( 1 ), Spring 1996 ( PS or PDF ).

This collaboration by MacLean and Charles V. De Vet, published in Astounding Science Fiction ( March, 1958 ), was nominated for a 1959 Hugo.

His best-known work is Ringworld ( 1970 ), which received Hugo, Locus, Ditmar, and Nebula awards.

* Reconstructie ( 1969 ) ( with Reinbert de Leeuw, Misha Mengelberg, Peter Schat, Jan van Vlijmen, libretto by Hugo Claus, Harry Mulisch ) Morality opera for soloists, 3 mixed choruses ( 4 voices each ), orchestra ( 11 winds, 7 brass, 2 guitars, 11 keyboards, 10 strings ), live electronics

Guillermi's version is mostly copied from other works with small additions or excisions from the papal biographies of Pandulf, nephew of Hugo of Alatri, which in turn was copied almost verbatim from the original Liber Pontificalis ( with the notable exception of the biography of Pope Leo IX ), then from other sources until Pope Honorius II ( 1124 – 1130 ), and with contemporary information from Pope Paschal II ( 1099 – 1118 to Pope Urban II ( 1088 – 1099 ).

At the beginning of August 2008, Venezuelan president Hugo Chavez and his colleagues from Argentina and Brazil spoke about Latin American integration and Chavez threw an ambitious idea out: a train that would connect Venezuela's capital ( Caracas ) with Argentina's ( Buenos Aires ), and cities in between.

* Hugo van der Goes ( – 1482 or 1483 ), Early Netherlandish painter.

One of the members of the commission is Hugo Grotius ( Hugo de Groot ), a highly regarded jurist and one of the most important political thinkers of his day.

While Cardinal Hugo de Sancto Caro is also known to come up with a systematic division of the Bible ( between 1244 and 1248 ), it is Langton's arrangement of the chapters that remains in use today.

Hugo Grotius, Thomas Hobbes ( 1651 ), Samuel Pufendorf ( 1673 ), John Locke ( 1689 ), and Jean-Jacques Rousseau ( 1762 ) are among the most prominent of seventeenth-and eighteenth-century theorists of social contract and natural rights.

Martin Buber and Hugo Bergmann, who viewed Steiner's social ideas as a solution to the Arab – Jewish conflict, were also influenced by Anthroposophy.

* December 25 – Hugo Bergmann, German and Israeli Jewish philosopher ( d. 1975 )

The city was also the site of a World War I German awards ceremony in August 1918, in which Adolf Hitler was presented the Iron Cross ( First Class ) on recommendation from his superior officer, a Jewish Lieutenant named Hugo Gutmann.

Though having a 10-year contract with UFA expiring in 1935, Helm incurred the wrath of Nazi Germany for " race defilement " in marrying her second husband Dr. Hugo von Kuenheim, an industrialist of Jewish background.

In August 2008, World Jewish Congress and Venezuelan Jewish community leaders met in Caracas with Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez Frias.

Born to Jewish parents Nelly and Hugo Fried in Vienna, he was a child actor and from an early age wrote strongly political essays and poetry.

* Writer Hugo Frey argues that Rastapopoulos ' appearance was an example of post-war anti-Semitism on Hergé's part, though other writers argue against this, pointing out that Rastapopoulos is not Jewish and surrounds himself with explicitly German-looking characters: Kurt, the submarine commander of The Red Sea Sharks ; Doctor Krollspell, whom Hergé himself referred to as a former concentration camp official ; and Hans Boehm, the sinister-looking navigator and co-pilot, both from Flight 714.

* Hugo Bergmann ( 1883-1975 ), German / Israeli Jewish philosopher

Socialist students organized a demonstration against Lenard, who on the occasion was taken into protective custody by the Jewish prosecutor of state Hugo Marx.

Hugo Münsterberg was born into a Schill Jewish family in Danzig ( now Gdansk, Poland ) an east Prussian port city.

Dann also co-edited, with Grania Davidson Davis, Everybody Has Somebody in Heaven: Essential Jewish Tales of the Spirit, a collection of short fiction by Avram Davidson, a Hugo and multi World Fantasy Award winning Jewish American writer of science fiction, fantasy and crime, which was published in October 2000.

As a 13 – year – old Jewish boy, Lowy had never known about the loss of his father, Hugo Lowy, who was beaten to death at Auschwitz concentration camp while protecting Hugo's younger acquaintance, Myer Lowy ( non-relative ) until a chance meeting between Myer and Peter Lowy in Los Angeles in 1991.

She then taught at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America at the invitation of Hugo Weisgall in 1955, and at the Manhattan School of Music from 1967 to 1991.

Born in Qingdao, China, she was a daughter of Hugo Reiss ( 1879 -), a German-born Jewish diplomat who served as Brazil's consul in Shanghai, China.

Born in China, she was one of three daughters born to Hugo Reiss, a German Jewish diplomat who served as Brazil's consul in Shanghai, China, and his American-born Catholic wife, Ignatia Mary Murphy.

Some scholars -- e. g., G. B. Caird, Joachim Jeremias, Marshall, Hugo Gressmann, -- suggest the basic storyline of The Rich Man and Lazarus was derived from Jewish stories that had developed from an Egyptian folk tale about Si-Osiris.

Previous House Masters have included Jay M. Harris, Dean of Undergraduate Education and Wolfson Professor of Jewish Studies ; Jim Ware, Frederick Mosteller Professor of Biostatistics ; Jurij Striedter, Curt Hugo Reisinger Professor of Slavic Languages and Literatures ; and Rulan Chao Pian, Professor of Music.

Adler was born to a Jewish family in Mannheim, Germany, the son of Hugo Chaim Adler, a cantor and composer, and Selma Adler.

Morris was born to a Jewish family in The Bronx, New York, the son of Elsie and Hugo Morris, a rubber company executive.

* Hugo Falkenheim ( 1856 – 1945 ), medical doctor and last Chairman of the Jewish parish of Königsberg