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* If an R module is finitely generated and projective ( that is, a progenerator ), then the endomorphism ring of the module and R share all Morita invariant properties.
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If and R
If the rake angle **yc of the knife is high enough and the friction angle **yt between the front of the knife and the back of the chip is low enough to give a positive value for Af, the resultant vector R will lie above the plane of the substrate.
If all the operating variables were varied simultaneously, Af operations would be required to do the same job, and as R increases this increases very much more rapidly than the number of operations required by the dynamic program.
If Af denotes the net profit from stage R and Af, then the principle of optimality gives Af.
* Every rectangle R is in M. If the rectangle has length h and breadth k then a ( R ) =
* If the balance factor of P is-2 then the right subtree outweighs the left subtree of the given node, and the balance factor of the right child ( R ) must be checked.
* If the balance factor of R is-1, a single left rotation ( with P as the root ) is needed ( Right-Right case ).
* If the balance factor of R is + 1, two different rotations are needed.
If the function R is well-defined, its value must lie in the range, with 1 indicating perfect correlation and − 1 indicating perfect anti-correlation.
If the thumb points in the direction of the 4th substitutent, the enantiomer is R. Otherwise, it's S.
If the relative priorities of these substituents need to be established, R takes priority over S. When this happens, the descriptor of the stereocenter is a lowercase letter ( r or s ) instead of the uppercase letter normally used.
If a is a point in R < sup > n </ sup >, then the higher dimensional chain rule says that:
If is an outward pointing in-plane normal, whereas is the unit vector perpendicular to the plane ( see caption at right ), then the orientation of C is chosen so that a tangent vector to C is positively oriented if and only if forms a positively oriented basis for R < sup > 3 </ sup > ( right-hand rule ).
If the ideals A and B of R are coprime, then AB = A ∩ B ; furthermore, if C is a third ideal such that A contains BC, then A contains C. The Chinese remainder theorem is an important statement about coprime ideals.
If, i. e., it has a large norm with each value of s, and if, then Y ( s ) is approximately equal to R ( s ) and the output closely tracks the reference input.
If a vector field F with zero divergence is defined on a ball in R < sup > 3 </ sup >, then there exists some vector field G on the ball with F = curl ( G ).
* If x < sub > 0 </ sub > is a real number, we can turn the set R −
( If X is also empty then R is reflexive.
*( EF1 ) If a and b are in R and b is nonzero, then there are q and r in R such that and either r = 0 or.
If R is a commutative ring, and a and b are in R, then an element d of R is called a common divisor of a and b if it divides both a and b ( that is, if there are elements x and y in R such that d · x = a and d · y = b ).
If R is an integral domain then any two gcd's of a and b must be associate elements, since by definition either one must divide the other ; indeed if a gcd exists, any one of its associates is a gcd as well.
If and module
If a particular object did not support a, it could be easily added in the module.
If M is an R module and is its ring of endomorphisms, then if and only if there is a unique idempotent e in E such that and.
If a is an idempotent of the endomorphism ring End < sub > R </ sub >( M ), then the endomorphism is an R module involution of M. That is, f is an R homomorphism such that f < sup > 2 </ sup > is the identity endomorphism of M.
If r represents an arbitrary element of R, f can be viewed as a right R-homomorphism so that, or f can also be viewed as a left R module homomorphism, where.
If M is a free module over a principal ideal domain R, then every submodule of M is again free.
If I is a right ideal of R, then I is simple as a right module if and only if I is a minimal non-zero right ideal: If M is a non-zero proper submodule of I, then it is also a right ideal, so I is not minimal.
If k is a field and G is a group, then a group representation of G is a left module over the group ring k. The simple k modules are also known as irreducible representations.
If M is a module which has a non-zero proper submodule N, then there is a short exact sequence
Since a one sided maximal ideal A is not necessarily two-sided, the quotient R / A is not necessarily a ring, but it is a simple module over R. If R has a unique maximal right ideal, then R is known as a local ring, and the maximal right ideal is also the unique maximal left and unique maximal two-sided ideal of the ring, and is in fact the Jacobson radical J ( R ).
* If L is a maximal left ideal, then R / L is a simple left R module.
If R is a commutative ring, and M is an R-module, we define the Krull dimension of M to be the Krull dimension of the quotient of R making M a faithful module.
The latter example leads to a generalization of modules over rings: If C is a preadditive category, then Mod ( C ) := Add ( C, Ab ) is called the module category over C. When C is the one-object preadditive category corresponding to the ring R, this reduces to the ordinary category of ( left ) R-modules.
* If a module is simple, then its endomorphism ring is a division ring ( this is sometimes called Schur's lemma ).
If the module is an injective module, then indecomposability is equivalent to the endomorphism ring being a local ring.
If the module is Artinian, Noetherian, projective or injective, then the endomorphism ring has a unique maximal ideal, so that it is a local ring.
If we interpret the object as the left module, then this matrix category becomes a subcategory of the category of left modules over.
If K is only a commutative ring and not a field, then the same process works if A is a free module over K. If it isn't, then the multiplication is still completely determined by its action on a set that spans A ; however, the structure constants can't be specified arbitrarily in this case, and knowing only the structure constants does not specify the algebra up to isomorphism.
If H is a left module over the ring R, one forms the ( algebraic ) character module H * consisting of all abelian group homomorphisms from H to Q / Z.
If F ( U ) is a module over the ring O < sub > X </ sub >( U ) for every open set U in X, and the restriction maps are compatible with the module structure, then we call F an O < sub > X </ sub >- module.
If and is
If the circumstances are faced frankly it is not reasonable to expect this to be true.
If his dancers are sometimes made to look as if they might be creatures from Mars, this is consistent with his intention of placing them in the orbit of another world, a world in which they are freed of their pedestrian identities.
If a work is divided into several large segments, a last-minute drawing of random numbers may determine the order of the segments for any particular performance.
If they avoid the use of the pungent, outlawed four-letter word it is because it is taboo ; ;
If Wilhelm Reich is the Moses who has led them out of the Egypt of sexual slavery, Dylan Thomas is the poet who offers them the Dionysian dialectic of justification for their indulgence in liquor, marijuana, sex, and jazz.
If he is the child of nothingness, if he is the predestined victim of an age of atomic wars, then he will consult only his own organic needs and go beyond good and evil.
If it is an honest feeling, then why should she not yield to it??
If he thus achieves a lyrical, dreamlike, drugged intensity, he pays the price for his indulgence by producing work -- Allen Ginsberg's `` Howl '' is a striking example of this tendency -- that is disoriented, Dionysian but without depth and without Apollonian control.
If love reflects the nature of man, as Ortega Y Gasset believes, if the person in love betrays decisively what he is by his behavior in love, then the writers of the beat generation are creating a new literary genre.
If he is good, he may not be legal ; ;
If the man on the sidewalk is surprised at this question, it has served as an exclamation.
If the existent form is to be retained new factors that reinforce it must be introduced into the situation.
If we remove ourselves for a moment from our time and our infatuation with mental disease, isn't there something absurd about a hero in a novel who is defeated by his infantile neurosis??
If many of the characters in contemporary novels appear to be the bloodless relations of characters in a case history it is because the novelist is often forgetful today that those things that we call character manifest themselves in surface behavior, that the ego is still the executive agency of personality, and that all we know of personality must be discerned through the ego.
If he is a traditionalist, he is an eclectic traditionalist.
If our sincerity is granted, and it is granted, the discrepancy can only be explained by the fact that we have come to believe hearsay and legend about ourselves in preference to an understanding gained by earnest self-examination.
If to be innocent is to be helpless, then I had been -- as are we all -- helpless at the start.
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