* Xenophon Anabasis

He was also the first to distinguish between cause and immediate origins of an event, while his successor Xenophon ( c. 431 – 355 BC ) introduced autobiographical elements and character studies in his Anabasis.

Larissa was indeed the birthplace of Meno, who thus became, along with Xenophon and a few others, one of the generals leading several thousands Greeks from various places, in the ill-fated expedition of 401 ( retold in Xenophon's Anabasis ) meant to help Cyrus the Younger, son of Darius II, king of Persia, overthrow his elder brother Artaxerxes II and take over the throne of Persia ( Meno is featured in Plato's dialogue bearing his name, in which Socrates uses the example of " the way to Larissa " to help explain Meno the difference between true opinion and science ( Meno, 97a – c ) ; this " way to Larissa " might well be on the part of Socrates an attempt to call to Meno's mind a " way home ", understood as the way toward one's true and " eternal " home reached only at death, that each man is supposed to seek in his life ).

" Irony and the Narrator in Xenophon's Anabasis ", in Xenophon.

For instance Xenophon records the abundance of the Ostrich in Assyria ( Anabasis, i. 5 ); this subspecies from Asia minor is extinct and all extant Ostrich races are today restricted to Africa.

* Xenophon of Athens, soldier and future writer of Anabasis

When Xenophon and the Ten Thousand mercenaries were fighting their way out of Persia, the first Greek city they reached was Trebizond ( Xenophon, Anabasis, 5. 5. 10 ).

The history of Cyrus and of the retreat of the Greeks is told by Xenophon in his Anabasis.

Category: Anabasis ( Xenophon )

Their eventual success, the march of the Ten Thousand, was recorded by Xenophon in his Anabasis.

Category: Anabasis ( Xenophon )

In ancient Greece it was known as " κρίθινος οἶνος " ( krithinos oinos ), " barley wine " and it is mentioned amongst others by Greek historians Xenophon in his work Anabasis and Polybius in his work The Histories, where he mentions that Phaeacians kept barleywine in silver and golden kraters.

Anabasis of Alexander is perhaps his best known work and is generally considered one of the best sources on the campaigns of Alexander the Great, not to be confused with Anabasis, then best-known work of the Athenian military leader and author Xenophon from the 4th century BC.

The Greek general Xenophon records in his Anabasis that the Armenians burned their crops and food supplies as they withdrew before the advance of the Ten Thousand.

Three great historians were Herodotus, regarded as the father of history, known for The Persian Wars ; Thucydides, who generally avoided myth and legend and applied greater standards of historical accuracy in his History of the Peloponnesian War ; and Xenophon, best known for his account of the Greek retreat from Persia, the Anabasis.

In 1786, a new edition of Thomas Hutchinson's Anabasis of Xenophon was called for, and Porson was asked by the publisher to supply notes, which he did in conjunction with Walter Whiter.

Long used as a Hittite port which appears in Hittite sources as " Sinuwa " ( J. Garstang, The Hittite Empire, p. 74 ), the city proper was re-founded as a Greek colony from the city of Miletus in the 7th century BC ( Xenophon, Anabasis 6. 1. 15 ; Diodorus Siculus 14. 31. 2 ; Strabo 12. 545 ).

Anabasis ( Ἀνάβασις – Greek for " going up ") is the most famous work, in seven books, of the Greek professional soldier and writer Xenophon.

Xenophon related this story in Anabasis in a simple and direct manner.

la: Anabasis ( Xenophon )

nl: Anabasis ( Xenophon )

* Xenophon, Anabasis

An example of how the aorist tense contrasts with the imperfect in describing the past occurs in Xenophon's Anabasis, when the Persian aristocrat Orontas is executed: " and those who had been previously in the habit of bowing ( προσεκύνουν prosekúnoun, imperfect ) to him, bowed ( προσεκύνησαν prosekúnēsan, aorist ) to him even then.

Arrian, in Anabasis Alexandri, mentions that prior to the Battle of the Granicus, in May 334 BC, the Persian satraps held a council at Zeleia where they discussed how best to confront Alexander the Great.

* Anabasis ( also: The Persian Expedition or The March Up Country or The Expedition of Cyrus )

Cyrus is a principal character in The Warriors ( novel ), The Warriors ( film ), and The Warriors ( video game ), all of which are based on Anabasis.

* The Anabasis of Cyrus, transl.

Xenophon in the Anabasis describes peltasts in action against Persian cavalry at the Battle of Cunaxa in 401 BCE where they were serving as part of the mercenary force of Cyrus the Younger.

* Anabasis ( Xenophon ), by the Greek writer Xenophon ( 431 – 355 BC ), about the expedition of Cyrus the Younger, a Persian prince, against his brother, King Artaxerxes II

He therefore is at his best in the Anabasis, an account of his participation in a Greek mercenary army that tried to help the Persian Cyrus expel his brother from the throne.

The Anabasis tells the story of the Ten Thousand, a Greek mercenary army that had fought for Cyrus the Younger in his attempt to usurp the throne of the Persian Empire from his brother, Artaxerxes II.

Xenophon describes it, in Book I of his Anabasis, as the place where Cyrus mustered his Greek mercenaries in 401 BC:

Andre Norton's 1955 science fiction novel Star Guard appears to have been the first speculative fiction transliteration of the Anabasis theme, in which a body of human mercenaries hired out of a future Terra to fight in a dynastic war among autochthons on a distant planet are betrayed in much the same way as were the Hellenic mercenaries of Xenophon's account, and left leaderless to negotiate and battle their way across hostile country to safety.

Xenophon mentions it in his book Anabasis, under the name of Dana, as a large and prosperous city.

When the Russian Imperial Navy brought the first steamships into the land-locked Aral Sea, the local Governor-General Vasily Perovsky ordered the commander of Fort Aralsk to collect " as large as possible supply " of saxaul wood ( Anabasis saxaul, in the source ) for use by the new steamships on their maiden navigation of 1851.

Besides military history, the Anabasis has found use as a tool for the teaching of classical philosophy ; the principles of leadership and government exhibited by the army can be seen as exemplifying Socratic philosophy.

For instance, according to Arrian's Anabasis of Alexander, at the Granicus Parmenion suggested delay before the attack, as the army had already marched all day as well as for other political and geographical issues.

Xenophon's writings, especially the Anabasis, are often read by beginning students of the Greek language.

When she started school in London, she astonished her teachers by precociously beginning an essay with two Greek words from Xenophon's Anabasis.

This book is traditionally the first authentic text assigned to students of Latin, as Xenophon's Anabasis is for students of Ancient Greek ; they are both autobiographical tales of military adventure told in the third person.

* Arrian, Anabasis Alexandri, Teubner monolingual Greek edition, edited by A. G. Roos ( 1907 )

Traditionally Anabasis is one of the first unabridged texts studied by students of classical Greek because of its clear and unadorned style ; similar to Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico for Latin students.

* Xenophon's Anabasis, Seven Books, by William Harper & James Wallace, American Book Co. 1893, English with the books in Greek

** Anabasis, by the Greek writer Xenophon ( 431 – 360 B. C.

Prospective students also were required to demonstrate an ability to translate four books of Caesar's Gallic Wars, six books of Virgil's Aeneid, Jacob's or Felton's Greek Reader, and at least one of Xenophon's Anabasis.

The retreat through Siberia became an element of the heroic military legend surrounding the legions, compared to the Anabasis of Greek mercenaries across Persia.

* The Greek historian Arrian of Nicomedia wrote Anabasis Alexandri or The Campaigns of Alexander in Greek.

Anabasis ( from Greek ana

* Anabasis Alexandri, by the Greek historian Arrian ( 86 – after 146 AD ), about Alexander the Great ( 336 – 323 BC )

Anabasis Alexandri ( Greek: ), the Campaigns of Alexander by Arrian, is the most important source on Alexander the Great.